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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

The hierarchical relationship between activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living.

A three-level hierarchical scale including IADL (shopping and transportation) and ADL (bathing, dressing, transferring, and feeding) was tested and validated based on secondary analysis of three studies of elders in the community: a population-based sample, the Cleveland-GAO, and two service-based samples, the Alternative Health Services Project, a study of Medicaid-eligible elders in Georgia, and the Section 222 Homemaker-Day Care study, a sample of Medicare-eligible elders. Scalability analysis included evaluation of Kronbach's alpha, Guttman analysis, and analysis of the pairwise association of individual items using phi/phi max. Validation included discriminant validity and predictive validity. With respect to discriminant validity, the negative association between functional ability (as measured by the scale) and age was observed. With respect to predictive validity, the negative relationship between functional ability (as measured by the scale) and risk of decline to ADL, death, and hospitalization in a year was observed. A six-level scale similar in structure and detail to the Katz Index of ADL was examined with the three studies. This scale can be used to described a broader range of needs of elders in the community and will be particularly useful to health services planners, practitioners, and researchers.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Are hospital assessments of daily living activities valid?

The level of functional achievement gained during a rehabilitation programme provides the basis for supplying aids and requesting community services on discharge. In a study of follow up regimes for patients with rheumatoid arthritis a comparison was made between functional assessments in hospital before discharge and at home shortly after discharge. A small number of the activities assessed showed a significant change at home and these changes were all towards a lower level of independence.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

[Professional and daily living activities of patients after treatment of Hodgkin's disease].

Hundred patients with diagnosed malignant granuloma were tested with the aid of a questionnaire and partially structured interview during control examination at the out-patient clinic of the Institute of Oncology, Division in Gliwice. Types and conditions of activity undertaken after therapy were assessed. An analysis included 89 patients who returned to everyday activity. Half of the patients undertaken their occupation while the remaining patients--other types of activity. Undertaken activity was usually less physically overloading than those before the disease. Patients returned to their activities mainly within the first three months and between the first and the second year after therapy. It was found also that readaptation depended on the psychophysical and social conditions.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1986

Correlations of pedometer readings with energy expenditure in workers during free-living daily activities.

In a total of 23 subjects consisting of 10 clerical and 13 assembly workers in a factory, the pedometer readings during a day of free-living activity were analyzed for the relation with energy expenditure as determined by the simultaneously recorded 24-hour heart rate. The 24-hour energy expenditures in the clerical and assembly workers were 9515 kJ (2274 kcal) and 9698 kJ (2318 kcal) respectively. The whole day readings of the pedometer for all the subjects moderately correlated (r = 0.438, p less than 0.05) with the net energy cost (NEC) as determined by subtracting the sleeping metabolic cost from the energy expenditure (clerical workers: r = 0.781, p less than 0.01; assembly workers: r = 0.188, p less than 0.05). The correlation analysis of the pedometer readings with the NEC in three activity phases in a day (work, commuting and staying at home), showed that the extent of the relationship differed by job types and activity phases. The best correlation was obtained during commuting in both of the job types (clerical workers: r = 0.843, p less than 0.01; assembly workers: r = 0.743, p less than 0.01). During work, a quite strong correlation (r = 0.889, p less than 0.01) was obtained with the clerical workers but not with the assembly workers. No significant correlations were found in the data while the subjects were at home. The capacity of the pedometer to detect the impacts of body movements, and the characteristics of activity, are responsible for the differences in correlation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Activities of daily living scale for patients with chronic pain.

10 questions measuring daily living activities of chronic pain patients were developed for 30 chronic pain patients. Test-retest reliability was .89, and internal consistency was .75. Validity, measured by global ratings (r = .63) and those by significant others (r = .77) was satisfactory. This Activities of Daily Living Scale seems to be reliable and valid for use in clinical and research settings.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

Assessment of functional ability in Alzheimer disease: a review and a preliminary report on the Cleveland Scale for Activities of Daily Living.

Assessment of activities of daily living (ADL) in Alzheimer disease (AD) is critical in establishing the diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, evaluating the efficacy of treatment interventions, and determining the need for health and social services. The proper method to measure ADL depends on the purposes to which the scale is to be put. Existing ADL scales differ as to the type of behaviors assessed, the nature of the observations made, and the manner in which the observations are quantified. These scales were not specifically designed to evaluate changes in the nature and extent of the broad spectrum of functional difficulties seen in individuals with AD. We describe the Cleveland Scale for Activities of Daily Living (CSADL), an informant-based instrument designed to expand upon the capacity of existing physical and instrumental ADL scales by assessing both premorbid and current component acts (e.g., initiation versus implementation) of daily living functions.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

A critical review of scales of activities of daily living.

Occupational therapists routinely perform activities of daily living (ADL) assessments. Although the literature contains many ADL scales, few sources summarize and review the measurement properties of such scales. In this paper, standard criteria are used to review scales of basic self-care. Each scale is critically appraised regarding its purpose, clinical utility, construction, standardization, reliability, and validity. Recommendations are made regarding the ADL scales that are most suitable for describing, predicting, or evaluating ADL function. This review is intended to help therapists in selecting the most appropriate ADL measure to use in their clinical practice.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Measuring the activities of daily living: comparisons across national surveys.

The "activities of daily living," or ADLs, are the basic tasks of everyday life, such as eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, and transferring. Reported estimates of the size of the elderly population with ADL disabilities differ substantially across national surveys. Differences in which ADL items are being measured and in what constitutes a disability account for much of the variation. Other likely explanations are differences in sample design, sample size, survey methodology, and age structure of the population to which the sample refers. When essentially equivalent ADL measures are compared, estimates for the community-based population vary by up to 3.1 percentage points; and for the institutionalized population, with the exception of toileting, by no more than 3.2 percentage points. As small as these differences are in absolute terms, they can be large in percent differences across surveys. For example, the National Medical Expenditure Survey estimates that there are 60 percent more elderly people with ADL problems than does the Supplement on Aging.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Extended Activities of Daily Living scale: a further validation.

The Extended Activities of Daily Living scale was validated as an overall assessment of functional independence in stroke patients discharged from hospital. Analysis of results from 49 patients discharged from a stroke unit and 299 from a trial of domiciliary rehabilitation supported previous work indicating that the four subsections--mobility, kitchen, domestic, and leisure--each formed a unidimensional hierarchical scale. Results also indicated that the scores from the subsections could be added to provide an overall score. The scale is suggested as appropriate for studies evaluating rehabilitation outcome after stroke, and is suitable for postal surveys.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Use of the 'extended activities of daily living scale' with depressed stroke patients.

The 'extended activities of daily living scale' was given to 44 depressed stroke patients. All were more than 1 year after stroke. The completed forms were then Guttman scaled to find whether the ranking of the items was valid in this group of patients. The items were not passed in the order expected from the ranking. The results therefore suggest that all items should be assessed when using this scale with depressed stroke patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1987

Reliability of the activities of daily living scale and its use in telephone interview.

Activities of daily living (ADL), a popular outcome assessment tool for studies of disabled populations, was evaluated for use in multicentered studies. The interobserver reliability of a modified Barthel Index of the ADL was evaluated on 18 stroke patients. Reliabilities between administrators of the ADL and between observers of the ADL administrations were r = .99 for total scores and r greater than .90 for most of the individual component items. The validity of ADL evaluation based on telephone interviews was demonstrated relative to ADL scores obtained on 72 patients in a direct test of their performance capabilities. The correlations between the performance-based ADL and the interview-based ADL were r greater than .97 for the total score and r greater than .85 for most of the individual items. The modified Barthel Index of the ADL is a reliable measure for assessing stable stroke patients, supporting its use in multicenter studies. In addition, the high validity observed in the telephone interview supports its use in longitudinal studies and large surveys where direct performance evaluation is not feasible or too costly.

Activities of Daily Living↗