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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Clinical and psychological characteristics of adolescents at risk of mood disorders compared with adolescents with suicidal behavior.

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death among adolescents, yet little is understood about the biopsychosocial factors related to suicidality. The demographic, clinical, and biological characteristics of adolescents with and without psychiatric histories may help inform mechanistic approaches to treatment of mood disorders and suicidality. The 'characterizing the inflammatory profile and suicidal behavior in adolescents' and 'RAD arm of the Texas Resilience Against Depression' studies aimed to characterize the clinical and biological profiles of youth with suicidal behavior and youth at risk for mood disorders, compared to healthy adolescents (n&#xa0;=&#xa0;75 in each group). Here, we report the descriptive baseline clinical and psychological characteristics of adolescents at risk of mood disorders and those with suicidal behavior. The adolescents with suicidal behavior reported 3.53 lifetime suicidal events on average, predominantly reported moderate to very severe depression (34.7%, 24%, to 9.3%), moderate to severe anxiety (58.6%), low optimism (91.9%), and mild (39.2%) to moderate (28.4%) degree of hopelessness. The at-risk adolescents predominantly reported no depression (60%) or anxiety (68.9%), moderate optimism (50%), and a positive outlook (85.7%). Healthy adolescents predominantly reported no depression (88.3%) or anxiety (93.2%), moderate optimism (59%), and a positive outlook (87%). The adolescents with suicidal behavior and those at risk of mood disorders exhibited significantly higher irritability and borderline personality disorder features (uncorrected p&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.02 to p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001) and lower resilience compared to healthy adolescents. Ongoing investigations using the longitudinal clinical and biological data will help identify the immune biosignatures of suicidality in youth.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Adjustment in diabetic adolescent girls: II. Adjustment, self-esteem, and depression in diabetic adolescent girls.

The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Sullivan Diabetic Adjustment Scale were administered to 105 adolescent girls with diabetes. Results indicate that levels of self-esteem and depression highly correlate with the level of adjustment as assessed on the Diabetic Adjustment Scale (DAS). That is, the adjustment of adolescent diabetic girls in peer and family relationships, dependence-independence conflicts, and attitudes toward diabetes is significantly related to self-esteem; and the level of depression is significantly related to all these adjustment factors as well as body image. The results point to the usefulness of the DAS as a potential screening device for low self-esteem and depression in adolescent girls who have diabetes. The importance of diabetes as a scapegoat for normal adolescent concerns is discussed. It was also hypothesized that depression in adolescents may be expressed through concerns about diabetes. The importance of exploring relationships with peers and fathers is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2026

Co-Use of Some Substances Associated With Higher Doses in Adolescents: Findings From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

PURPOSE: Adolescence is a critical developmental period marked by heightened vulnerability to initiating substance use, with long-term implications for health and behavior. Nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis are the most commonly used substances among adolescents. Their use often co-occurs but few studies have described or quantified the patterns and doses of substance co-use in this vulnerable population. METHODS: We used data from six waves of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Substance use was measured through a web-based timeline followback interview, and outcomes are operationalized into substance use quantity (in standard units), single use, and co-use (use of two substances on the same day) of alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine. Group differences of average dose in standard units between single use and co-use for each substance class were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling in years 4-6. RESULTS: The average dose of nicotine was significantly higher when co-used with alcohol (4.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.55-6.09; p < .001) or when co-used with cannabis (4.41; 95% CI: 2.76-6.05; p < .001) in year 6; nicotine trends were similar in years four and five. In year 6, the average dose of alcohol was higher when co-used with cannabis (1.87; 95% CI: 0.37-3.36; p = .004) or co-used with nicotine (1.64; 95% CI: 0.06-3.22; p = .03) compared to single use of alcohol. The average dose of cannabis was not significantly different when used singularly or co-used with either alcohol or nicotine in our study years. DISCUSSION: During adolescence, the co-use of substances (namely alcohol and nicotine) may lead to higher average doses compared to single-substance use.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Management of the suicidal adolescent on a nonpsychiatric adolescent unit.

Suicide attempts by adolescents far outnumber suicide fatalities, yet there is lack of agreement regarding the optimal approach to their immediate care. Since 1968, we have admitted all such patients to a general adolescent in-patient unit. A review of the first 100 admissions of adolescents who had attempted suicide was undertaken to determine the safety, economy, and efficacy of this practice. During an average six-day hospitalization, 12 patients required constant nursing observation for more than one day, and six received tranquilizers. No major disruption on the unit, suicide attempts, or self-abusive acts occurred. Twelve patients required subsequent transfer to in-patient psychiatric facilities because of on-going suicidal ideation or psychosis or both. Hospitalization on a general unit for adolescent survivors of suicide attempts is safe, usually adds minimal cost to ordinary hospital care, permits meticulous medical attention for poisoning, and provides a stabilizing influence following a major life crisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiovascular response to mental stress in normal adolescents with hypertensive parents. Hemodynamics and mental stress in adolescents.

The hemodynamic response to mental stress (mental arithmetic) was studied in adolscents with varying risk factors for essential hypertension (EH), One group (genetic) consisted of normotensive well adolescents who had at least one parentnt with EH. Another group (labile) consisted of adolescents with labile hypertension each of whom also had at least one pare with EH. The control population consisted of normotensive adolescents with a negative family history of EH. Subjects with labile hypertension demonstrated a sustained increase in systolic and diastolic pressure and heart rate during stress. This response was significantly different than the control population (P less than THE CONTROL POPULATION (P LESS THAN 0.001). The stress response of the normotensive genetic population was qualitatively similar to the group with labile hypertension and significantly different than the controls in diastolic pressure and heart rate (p less than 0.001, less than 0.02). Post-stress plasma catecholamines were higher in the labile hypertensive and genetic groups than in the control group. These findings demonstrate increased central nervous system mediated adrenergic activity and cardiovascular response in labile hypertension and also in some normotensive subjects with a genetic risk for hypertension.

Adolescent↗