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18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Comparison of efficacy of amoxapine and imipramine in a multi-clinic double-blind study using the WHO schedule for a standard assessment of patients with depressive disorders.

A multi-clinic double-blind controlled study on amoxapine in comparison with imipramine, using the WHO Schedule for a Standard Assessment of Patients with Depressive Disorders, was performed and the data were analyzed with 111 patients. The assessment of severity of illness and overall improvement indicated clearly the superiority of the antidepressive effect of amoxapine to that of imipramine. The onset of antidepressive effect of amoxapine was clearly more rapid than that of imipramine, and in more than half of the patients in the amoxapine group the improvement was seen within four days following the drug administration. Amoxapine was superior to imipramine in terms of safety and usefulness. The side-effects due to amoxapine appeared less frequently and were less serious than with imipramine. The difference between amoxapine and imipramine was especially remarkable for hypotensive effect. The antidepressive effect of amoxaphine was superior to that of imipramine for almost all symptoms and signs. Amoxapine displayed an especially remarkable effect on psychomotor retardation, depressive feeling, anxiety and tension, somatic complaints and sleep disturbance.

Amoxapine↗
PubMed1979

Amoxapine versus amitriptyline in endogenous depression. A double-blind study.

A new antidepressant, amoxapine, which is a dibenzoxazepine deprivative, was compared with amitriptyline in a randomised double-blind trial. Forty-eight patients were included and 41 completed a 4-week treatment. Most of the patients were maintained on 150 mg daily. Assessments were made by the Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale and Patient's Self-Evaluation. The total HAM-D score was considerably reduced in the majority of the patients. Amitriptyline was the most effective with regard to symptoms included in the factor Sleep Disturbances and-secondary maybe-towards some items included in the factor Somatization. For the remaining items,including the items of the factors Anxiety/Depression and Apathy, the last score was lower in the amoxapine group than in those treated with amitriptyline. Among the unipolar cases the amoxapine treated patients were more satisfied with regard to efficacy (P = 6.3%). The frequency of side effects such as tremor and dizziness was considerably lower in the amoxapine group. In total, the side effects lasted longer in the amitriptyline group. We conclude that amoxapine seems to be an effective antidepressant with a low frequency of side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A comparison of the onset of action and therapeutic efficacy of amoxapine and amitriptyline.

A total of 61 moderately to severely depressed outpatients were treated for four weeks with either amoxapine (a dibenzoxapine tricyclic) or amitriptyline. This double blind study showed that amoxapine was as effective as amitriptyline and had an earlier onset of action. Maximum doses used were 300 mg of amoxapine and 150 mg of amitriptyline. Side effects were similar for the two drugs, except for impotence or loss of libido in eight male amoxapine, as against three amitriptyline patients. Laboratory, EKG, and vital signs findings showed no pathological trends.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Amoxapine in depressive illness.

A double-blind trial was carried out in 29 patients recently admitted to hospital with depressive illness to compare the effectiveness and side-effect liability of treatment with amoxapine and imipramine. Both drugs were given in a dosage of 25 mg 3-times daily over a period of 4 weeks, and patients' progress was assessed using psychiatric and psychological rating scales for depression. Although amoxapine and imipramine proved equally effective, response to amoxapine was quicker and appeared to have the same effect after 1 week as did imipramine after 2 weeks. In addition, dryness of the mouth was complained of most frequently by patients taking imipramine.

Amoxapine↗
PubMed1978

The neuropharmacological actions of amoxapine.

Amoxapine possesses a broad spectrum of psychotropic actions, including antidepressant and neuroleptic effects in animals. Antidepressant activity is characterized by its ability to inhibit tetrabenazine-induced depression, antagonize reserpine-induced hypothermia and enhance yohimbine lethality. Neuroleptic activity is demonstrated by the ability of amoxapine to decrease locomotor activity, induce ptosis and catalepsy, inhibit apomorphine gnawing and amphetamine stereotyped behavior and by characteristic changes in monkey discriminated avoidance behavior. The fact that punished responding in squirrel monkeys was present was present after repeated administration may indicate an anti-anxiety action of this drug. Evidence is offered that the conversion of the tertiary terminal nitrogen to a secondary amine may alter the pharmacologica properties of dibenzoxazepines in a similar way to the for the phenothiazines.

Amoxapine↗
PubMed1979

Amoxapine in experimental psychopharmacology: a neuroleptic or an antidepressant?

2-Chloro-11-(piperazinyl)dibenz[b,f][1,4]-oxazepine (amoxapine) gives an unusual spectrum in psychopharmacological tests. Many of its effects are similar to those of neuroleptics: sedation, decrease in motor activity, catalepsy (which is, however, qualitatively different from that induced by classical neuroleptics), transitory suppression of avoidance reaction, antagonism of amphetamine induced toxicity in crowded mice and inhibition of stereotyped behavior induced by amphetamine in rats, and antagonism to various effects of apomorphine (stereotyped behaviour in rats, climbing behaviour, stereotyped behaviour and hypothermia in mice). At similar doses which produce the above mentioned effects, amoxapine also shows effects atypical for a neuroleptic, but which are relatively characteristic of antidepressants: antagonism of prochlorperazine-induced catalepsy in rats, inhibition of reserpine induced hypothermia in mice and enhancement of yohimbine toxicity in mice. The profile of this substance does not facilitate the anticipation of therapeutic effects in humans.

Amoxapine↗
PubMed1979

GLC analysis of loxapine, amoxapine, and their metabolites in serum and urine.

A GLC analysis is presented for loxapine, amoxapine, and their major metabolites in serum and urine. Electron-capture detection is employed for serum analysis, and flame ionization is used for urine analysis. The procedure includes trifluoroacetylation of secondary amine functions, followed by trimethylsilylation of phenolic groups after ethyl acetate extraction of the sample. Urine requires prior enzymatic hydrolysis of conjugates. Data indicating the utility of the procedure in hospitalized patients and normal volunteers are presented.

Amoxapine↗
PubMed1979

Decreased uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine in blood platelets from patients with endogenous depression.

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) uptake was studied by using blood platelets from 13 patients with endogenous depression (Hamilton rating scale 33 +/- 7) and 13 healthy volunteers. An improved method with a short incubation time and low substrate concentration was used, and the incubation was performed in Krebs-Henseleit buffer (pH 7.4) at 37 degrees C. A clear difference in 5-HT uptake by blood platelets was noted: The Vmax of the reaction in patients was 39, and in controls 71 pmol per 2 x 10(7) platelets in 5 min. There was no significant difference in the Km. After a 4-week treatment with imipramine, a competitive inhibition of 5-HT uptake with an increased Km was seen; after a similar treatment with amoxapine there was little change in 5-HT uptake. Amoxapine was inferior to imipramine as an inhibitor of 5-HT uptake, also in vitro. There was no difference in clinical recovery in these treatment groups. These results may be of importance so as to understand the potential biological differences between depressed patients and normal persons.

Adult↗