SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Andrographis”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Anti-diabetic potentials of Momordica charantia and Andrographis paniculata and their effects on estrous cyclicity of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Momordica charantia and Andrographis paniculata are the commonly used herbs by the diabetic patients in Pampanga, Philippines. While the anti-diabetic potential of Momordica charantia is well established in streptozocin- or alloxan-induced diabetic animals, the anti-diabetic potential of Andrographis paniculata in alloxan-induced diabetic rat is not known. Neither the effects of these herbs on estrous cyclicity of alloxan-induced diabetic rats are elucidated. Thus, in these experiments, Momordica charantia fruit juice or Andrographis paniculata decoction was orally administered to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Rats that were treated with Momordica charantia and Andrographis paniculata had higher body weight (BW) compared with diabetic positive control (P < 0.01) from day 22 to day 27 (D27) but exhibited lower BW than the non-diabetic control (P < 0.05). These rats had lower feed (P < 0.05) and liquid intakes (P < 0.01) compared with diabetic positive control from day 17 to D27, but similar with the non-diabetic control. The blood glucose levels in these groups were significantly reduced from day 12 to D27 compared with diabetic positive control (P < 0.01), however, comparable with non-diabetic control. The diabetic positive control had extended mean estrous cycles (8 days) compared to Momordica charantia and Andrographis paniculata-treated diabetic rats (5 days; P < 0.05). Our results suggest that the anti-diabetic potentials of Momordica charantia and Andrographis paniculata could restore impaired estrous cycle in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Alloxan↗

PubMed1999

Use of visual analogue scale measurements (VAS) to asses the effectiveness of standardized Andrographis paniculata extract SHA-10 in reducing the symptoms of common cold. A randomized double blind-placebo study.

The objective of our study was to measure the effectiveness of Andrographis paniculata SHA-10 extract in reducing the prevalence and intensity of symptoms and signs of common cold as compared with a placebo. A group of 158 adult patients of both sexes completed the randomized double blind study in Valdivia, Chile. The patients were divided in two equal size groups, one of which received Andrographis paniculata dried extract (1200 mg/day) and the other a placebo during a period of 5 days. Evaluations for efficacy were performed by the patient at day 0, 2, and 4 of the treatment; each completed a self-evaluation (VAS) sheet with the following parameters: headache, tiredness, earache, sleeplessness, sore throat, nasal secretion, phlegm, frequency and intensity of cough. In order to quantify the magnitude of the reduction in the prevalence and intensity of the signs and symptoms of common cold, the risk (Odds Ratio = OR) was calculated using a logistic regression model. At day 2 of treatment a significant decrease in the intensity of the symptoms of tiredness (OR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.07-1.53), sleeplessness (OR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.38-2.11), sore throat (OR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.69-3.14) and nasal secretion (OR = 2.51; 95% CI 1.82-3.46) was observed in the Andrographis SHA-10 group as compared with the placebo group. At day 4, a significant decrease in the intensity of all symptoms was observed for the Andrographis paniculata group. The higher OR values were for the following parameters: sore throat (OR = 3.59; 95% CI 2.04-5.35), nasal secretion (OR = 3.27; 95% CI 2.31-4.62) and earache (OR = 3.11; 95% CI 2.01-4.80) for Andrographis paniculata treatment over placebo, respectively. It is concluded that Andrographis paniculata had a high degree of effectiveness in reducing the prevalence and intensity of the symptoms in uncomplicated common cold beginning at day two of treatment. No adverse effects were observed or reported.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Impact of Andrographis paniculata crude extract on mouse hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Modulatory influence of Andrographis paniculata crude extract on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes was performed by administration of the crude extract of Andrographis paniculata to ICR male mice. Total hepatic P450 content was not significantly modified by either the aqueous or the alcoholic extracts of Andrographis paniculata. Assessment of hepatic microsomal P450 activities by alkoxyresorufin O-dealkylations noted that both the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Andrographis paniculata significantly increased ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylase and pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activities, while those of methoxyresorufin O-dealkylase activities were not elevated. These results suggested that Andrographis paniculata might effectuate hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes of which CYP1A1 and CYP2B are the responsive P450 isoforms.

Andrographis↗

PubMed1991

Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata, Nees for pharyngotonsillitis in adults.

One hundred and fifty-two adult patients with pharyngotonsillitis were enrolled in the randomized double blind study to assess the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata. The patients were randomized to receive either paracetamol or 3 g/day of Andrographis paniculata or 6 g/day of Andrographis paniculata for 7 days. The baseline characteristics of the patients among the three groups were not different. The efficacy of paracetamol or high dose Andrographis paniculata was significantly more than that of low dose Andrographis paniculata at day 3 in terms of the relief of fever and sore throat. The clinical effects were not different at day 7. Minimal and self limiting side effects were found in about 20 per cent in each group.

Acetaminophen↗

PubMed2004

Anticancer and immunostimulatory compounds from Andrographis paniculata.

Andrographis paniculata extract is traditionally used as a medicine to treat different diseases in India, China and Southeast Asia. In the present study, we evaluated the anticancer and immunomodulatory activity of the methanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata in human cancer and immune cells. The methanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata was fractionated into dichloromethane, petroleum ether and aqueous extracts and screened for bioactivity. Our results indicate that the dichloromethane fraction of the methanolic extract retains the active compounds contributing for both the anticancer and immunostimulatory activity. Dichloromethane fraction significantly inhibits the proliferation of HT-29 (colon cancer) cells and augments the proliferation human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs) at low concentrations. On further fractionation of the dichloromethane extract we could isolate three diterpene compounds, i.e. [1] andrographolide, [2] 14-deoxyandrographolide and [3] 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide. Andrographolide showed anticancer activity on diverse cancer cells representing different types of human cancers. Whereas all the three molecules showed enhanced proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) induction in HPBLs.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMed2006

Bisandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata activates TRPV4 channels.

Many transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are activated or blocked by various compounds found in plants; two prominent examples include the activation of TRPV1 channels by capsaicin and the activation of TRPM8 channels by menthol. We sought to identify additional plant compounds that are active on other types of TRP channels. We screened a library of extracts from 50 Chinese herbal plants using a calcium-imaging assay to find compounds active on TRPV3 and TRPV4 channels. An extract from the plant Andrographis paniculata potently activated TRPV4 channels. The extract was fractionated further, and the active compound was identified as bisandrographolide A (BAA). We used purified compound to characterize the activity of BAA on certain TRPV channel subtypes. Although BAA activated TRPV4 channels with an EC(50) of 790-950 nm, it did not activate or block activation of TRPV1, TRPV2, or TRPV3 channels. BAA activated a large TRPV4-like current in immortalized mouse keratinocytes (308 cells) that have been shown to express TRPV4 protein endogenously. This compound also activated TRPV4 currents in cell-free outside-out patches from HEK293T cells overexpressing TRPV4 cDNA, suggesting that BAA can activate the channel in a membrane-delimited manner. Another related compound, andrographolide, found in abundance in the plant Andrographis was unable to activate or block activation of TRPV4 channels. These experiments show that BAA activates TRPV4 channels, and we discuss the possibility that activation of TRPV4 by BAA could play a role in some of the effects of Andrographis extract described in traditional medicine.

Andrographis↗

PubMed2006

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the plant Andrographis paniculata Nees.

In this study, we explored the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata using in vitro as well as in vivo systems. Methanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata was found to inhibit formation of oxygen derived free radicals such as superoxide (32%) hydroxyl radicals (80%) lipid peroxidation (80%) and nitric oxide (42.8%) in in vitro system. In vivo studies using BALB/c mice models also showed significant inhibition in PMA induced superoxide (32.4%) and nitric oxide (65.3%) formation. Interestingly we also found that, administration of Andrographis paniculata extract produced complete inhibition of carageenan induced inflammation compared with control models.

Andrographis↗

PubMed2003

Flavonoids from Andrographis viscosula.

Phytochemical investigation of the whole plant of Andrographis viscosula has led to the isolation of three new 2'-oxygenated flavonoids, (2R)-5-hydroxy-7,2',3'-trimethoxyflavanone (1), 7,2',5'-trimethoxyflavone (2), 5,7,2',3'-tetramethoxyflavone (3), and eight known flavones, 5,7,2'-trimethoxyflavone (4), 5,7,2',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone (5), echioidinin (6), 5,2',6'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (7), 5-hydroxy-7,2'-dimethoxyflavone (8), echioidin (9), echioidinin 5-O-glucoside (10), and 5,2',6'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone 2'-O-glucoside (11). The structures of 1-11 were elucidated by physical and spectral methods, including extensive 2D NMR studies. The presence of 2'-oxygenated flavonoids is apparently restricted to Andrographis species in Acanthaceae. Therefore, 2'-oxygenated flavonoids are regarded as chemotaxonomic markers of Andrographis genus in the Acanthaceae family.

Andrographis↗

PubMed2004

[Effect of ultra-fine powder technique on dissolution rates of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in Andrographis paniculata].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of ultra-fine powder technique on dissolution rates of the components in Andrographis paniculata. METHODS: High performance liquid chromatography was employed to determine the concentration of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in common powdered or ultra-fine powdered Andrographis paniculata. RESULTS: The dissolution rates of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in ultra-fine powdered Andrographis paniculata were higher than those of the general powder. CONCLUSION: Ultra-fine powder technique promotes the dissolution rates of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide.

Andrographis↗

PubMed2002

[Changes of dehydroandrographolide's contents of andrographis tablet in the process of production].

OBJECTIVE: To recognize changes in the contents of ingredients of Andrographis Tablet in the process of production. METHOD: Adopting TLCS, TLC, HPLC to detect effective contents of ingredients which are produced in every stage of process of Andrographis Table's production. RESULT: Handling with the fresh Herba Andrographis according to current pharmacopeoia's technology, it showed that only dehyandrographolide can be detected. It indicated that the main factor that leads to chemical change is the heating process in the process of production. CONCLUSION: Avoiding heating treatment or reducing heating treatment time is the main factor to protect the effective ingredients.

Andrographis↗

PubMed2001

Modulatory influence of Andrographis paniculata on mouse hepatic and extrahepatic carcinogen metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant status.

The effects of two doses (50 and 100 mg/kg body wt/day for 14 days) of an 80% hydroalcohol extract of Andrographis paniculata and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were examined on drug metabolizing enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, glutathione content, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lipid peroxidation in the liver of Swiss albino mice (6-8 weeks old). The effect of the extract and BHA were also examined on lung, kidney and forestomach for the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), DT-diaphorase (DTD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. A significant increase in the levels of acid soluble sulphydryl (-SH) content, cytochrome P450, cytochrome P450 reductase, cytochrome b5 reductase, GST, DTD and SOD were observed at both dose levels of extract treatment while catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase (GR) showed significant increases only at the higher dose in the liver. Both Andrographis treated groups showed a significant decrease in activity of LDH and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. BHA treated mice showed a significant increase in the levels of cytochrome b(5), GST, DTD, -SH content, GR and catalase in liver; while LDH and MDA levels were reduced significantly compared with their control values. In the lung, SOD, catalase and DTD, in the kidney catalase, DTD and GST, and in the forestomach SOD and DTD showed a significant increase at both dose levels of treatment. In BHA treated mice GST, DTD and catalase were significantly induced in the lung and along with these enzymes SOD was also induced in the kidney. In the case of the forestomach of BHA treated mice GST, DTD and SOD were enhanced significantly. These findings indicate the chemopreventive potential of Andrographis paniculata against chemotoxicity including carcinogenicity.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Hydrolysis and isomerization of trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate by Andrographis tissue-culture enzymes.

Incubation of (3R,5S)-[5-3H1]mevalonate + (3RS)-[2-14C]mevalonate with Andrographis cell-free extract leads to trans,trans-farnesol and cis,trans-farnesol which both totally retain tritium. 2. This conflicts with our previous results which predict one third tritium loss in the cis,trans-farnesol. Inversion at C-1 during hydrolysis of trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate to trans,trans-farnesol could explain this anomaly. 3. (1s)-trans,trans-[1-3H1]Farnesyl diphosphate and phosphate and (1R)-trans,trans-[1-3H1]-farnesyl diphosphate and phosphate, all prepared chemically, were hydrolysed with Andrographis phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase and hydrogenolysed with lithium aluminium hydride and the product alcohols exchanged with liver alcohol hydrogenase. 4. Both Andrographis phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase hydrolyse trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate and trans,trans-farnesyl phosphate with retention. 5. Hydrolysis of trans,trans-[1-18O]farnesyl diphosphate in H2(18O with both phosphatases supports P-O fission. 6. The C-1 configuration in (1S)-TRANS,TRANS-[1-3H1]farnesyl diphosphate and phosphate and (1R)-trans,trans-[1-3H1]farnesyl diphosphate and phosphate is progressively racemised in 0.01 M NH4OH/MeOH (1/9) AT - 20 degrees C.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMed1995

The usage of Andrographis paniculata following Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL).

One hundred consecutive cases with renal stones less than 3 cm in size and normal renal function underwent ESWL from January to March 1994. Out of these, 50 were given Andrographis paniculata tablets (250 mg), 4 tablests tid, 25 were given cotrimoxazole 2 tablets bid and 25 received norfloxacin 200 mg bid, started immediately after ESWL and continued for 5 days. All tolerated the treatment well and none had complications. At one month follow-up, pre- and post-ESWL pyuria, hematuria and proteinuria among the Andrographis paniculata group were 84, 58, 72, 40, 52, 22 per cent; the cotrimoxazole group 88, 64, 84, 64, 56, 44 per cent and the norfloxacin group 92, 56, 72, 40 per cent and 56, 28 per cent respectively. The results showed that post ESWL pyuria and hematuria in patients receiving Andrographis peniculata were reduced to 0.69 and 0.55 time of pre ESWL value. We think that this herbal medicine is beneficial in the treatment of post ESWL urinary tract infection. Besides the herbal drug given to eighteen previously sulfa sensitized patients resulted in no allergic reaction.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection: systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection. METHODS: Systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Mean difference in the reduction in symptom severity scores between treatment and control groups was calculated to obtain an overall estimate of effect. RESULTS: Four studies met our inclusion criteria and were reviewed. A total of 433 patients reported in three trials were included in the statistical analysis. Andrographis paniculata fixed combination with Acanthopanax senticosus was more effective than placebo. The mean difference was 2.13 points (95% CI 1.00-3.26 points, P=0.0002) on the symptom severity score. The difference in effects between A. paniculata and placebo was 10.85 points (95% CI 10.36-11.34 points, P<0.0001) in favour of A. paniculata. CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggests that A. paniculata extract alone or in combination with A. senticosus extract may be more effective than placebo and may be an appropriate alternative treatment of uncomplicated acute upper respiratory tract infection.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2006

Stability of andrographolide in powdered Andrographis herb under accelerated conditions.

The stability of andrographolide in powdered Andrographis Herb--the aerial part of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (Acanthaceae)--was determined using a heat-accelerated experiment to reveal a second-order kinetics of degradation. The fast decomposition was observed regardless of the method of analysis. The rate constant of the decomposition of andrographolide at 25 degrees C ( K(25)( degrees C)), predicted from the Arrhenius plot, was 6.58 x 10 (-6) d (-1).

Andrographis↗

PubMed2002

[Determination of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in Andrographis paniculata nees materials and related patent medicines by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography].

A simple and accurate method for the determination of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in andrographis paniculata Nees materials and patent medicines with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed. The two components were extracted from powdered samples by shaking with methanol. The resultant extracts were separated within 15 min on a BECKMAN C18 column (4.6 mm i. d. x 250 mm, 5 microm) and with a gradient elution of acetonitrile-water at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 225 nm and the injection volume was 20 microL. In gradient elution program the volume fraction of acetonitrile in mobile phase was as follows: 0 min - 1 min, 40%; 1 min - 5 min, 40% - 50%; 5 min - 15 min, 50% - 70%. Both andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide have good linearity in the range of 10 mg/L to 100 mg/L with the correlation coefficients of 0.997 6 and 0.998 6 respectively. This method has been successfully applied for the analysis of andrographis paniculata Nees materials and related patent medicines.

Andrographis↗

PubMed2006

[Studies on flavonoids of Andrographis paniculata].

OBJECTIVE: To study the flavonoids of the aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata. METHOD: Twelve flavonoids from the 85% EtOH extract were isolated by the silica gel column, Sephadex LH-20 column, ODS column chromatography and HPLC, and their structures were identified by the spectal analyses and chemical evidences. RESULT: The 12 compounds were obtained and identified as 7-O-methylwogonin (1), 7-O-methyldihydrowogonin (2), 5-hydroxy-7, 8, 2', 5'-tetramethoxy-flavone (3), skullcapflavone-2'-methoxylether (4), 5-hydroxy-7, 8, 2', 3'-tetramethoxyflavone (5), 5, 4'-dihydroxy-7, 8, 2', 3'-tetramethoxyflavone (6), dihydroskullcapflavone (7), 5, 7, 8-trimethoxydihydroflavone (8), 5, 2'-dihydroxy-7, 8-dimethoxyflvone (9), andrographidine C (10), 5, 7, 4'-trihydroxyflavone (11), 5, 7, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (12). CONCLUSION: Compound 6 is a new naturally occurring product isolated from A. paniculata, and compound 8, 11 and 12 are obtained for the first time from the Andrographis species.

Andrographis↗

PubMed2006

[Studies on diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata].

OBJECTIVE: To study the diterpenoids in the 85% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata. METHOD: Fourteen diterpenoids from the 85% EtOH extract were isolated by the silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography and HPLC, and their structures were identified by the spectal analyses and chemical evidences. RESULT: The 14 compounds were obtained and identified as neoandrographolide (1), 3, 14-di-deoxyandrographolide (2), andrographolide (3), 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographolide (4), 19-hydroxy-8 (17), 13-labdadien-15, 16-olide (5), 14-deoxy-andrographolide (6), 3-oxo-14-deoxy-andrographolide (7), isoandrographolide, (8), bisandrographolide (9, 10, 11), deoxyandrographiside (12), 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographiside (13), andrographiside (14), respectively. CONCLUSION: Compound 7 was a new natural product, and compound 5 was obtained for the first time from the Andrographis species.

Andrographis↗