[Congenital palatal ankyloglossia as the dominant member of a complex of multiple abnormalities; on the pathogenesis of ankyloglossia superior].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Ankyloglossia”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
[A pathological consideration of ankyloglossia and lingual myoplasty].
Despite the curious role of tongue in the development of oro-facial structures the tongue remains as rather quiescent organ without bony skeleton. But it is said that neuro-muscular complex of tongue is important in the developmental and functional process. Ankyloglossia and macroglossia are occasionally implicated in the oral diseases. Many authors supposed that the ankyloglossia and macroglossia might produce various abnormal oro-facial growth, such as bimaxillary or mandibular protrusion and anterior open bite, etc. We have designed the classification of ankyloglossia by measuring the median lingual frenum length with lingual frenum ruler. It is well known that every people has a lingual frenum to some degree. So we analyse that the group showing less than 10mm of median frenum length is belong to mild ankyloglossia, the group showing from 10mm to 15mm of median frenum length is belong to moderate ankyloglossia, the group showing more than 15mm of median frenum length is belong to type 1 severe ankyloglossia, and the group showing clinically severe ankyloglossia but having less than 15mm of median frenum length is belong to type 2 severe ankyloglossia. We have experienced that the mild ankyloglossia usually causes no clinical complication to receive dental treatments. In the present study we investigated different clinical complications under this classification. We also recognized that the most retracted tongue position is a comparable criterion of tongue movement. The severer ankyloglossia showing thick lingual frenum is the more frequently associated with macroglossia and occlusal disharmony, and its most retracted tongue position is prone to locate high-anterior direction. Among 130 cases receiving lingual myoplasty 106 cases (81.5%) showed various malocclusions, 37 cases (28.5%) showed conspicuous speech problem, and 14 cases (19.8%) showed severe oro-facial deformity. The lingual myoplasty consists of two steps, the first is the same with frenectomy, and the second is the procedure of re-equilibrium of extrinsic tongue muscles mainly between genioglossus muscle and hyoglossus muscle. 130 cases which were belong to the group of moderate and severe ankyloglossia were selected for the lingual myoplasty, and the patients were ordered to keep on self training by the method of Dr. Lim's tongue movement. In three months after lingual myoplasty there was no relapse of ankyloglossia and the most retracted tongue position changed to inferior and posterior direction effectively (Tab. 6, 7, 8), and on gross finding the size of tongue seems to be decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Humans↗
Ankyloglossia: incidence and associated feeding difficulties.
OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) in the well-baby population, and to determine whether patients with ankyloglossia experience breastfeeding difficulties. DESIGN: Prospective controlled study. SETTING: Tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 1041 neonates in the well-baby nursery were screened for ankyloglossia. Those positively identified were invited to participate in the study. Mothers of newborns with ankyloglossia and mothers of a matched control group of unaffected newborns were contacted by telephone on a monthly basis for 6 months after their children were discharged from the hospital to determine the presence of breastfeeding difficulties. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of ankyloglossia, percentage of infants successfully breastfed, and incidence of breastfeeding difficulties. RESULTS: Fifty newborns were identified with ankyloglossia, for an incidence of 4.8% The male-female ratio was 2.6:1.0. Of the 36 mothers of affected infants who were followed up and who intended to breastfeed, 30 (83%) successfully breastfed their infants for at least 2 months, compared with 33 (92%) of the 36 mothers of infants in the matched control group (P = .29). Breastfeeding difficulties were experienced by 9 (25%) of the mothers of infants with ankyloglossia compared with 1 (3%) of the control mothers (P<.01). CONCLUSION: Ankyloglossia, which is a relatively common finding in the newborn population, adversely affects breastfeeding in selected infants.
Breast Feeding↗
Ankyloglossia: assessment, incidence, and effect of frenuloplasty on the breastfeeding dyad.
OBJECTIVE: Ankyloglossia in breastfeeding infants can cause ineffective latch, inadequate milk transfer, and maternal nipple pain, resulting in untimely weaning. The question of whether the performance of a frenuloplasty benefits the breastfeeding dyad in such a situation remains controversial. We wished to 1) define significant ankyloglossia, 2) determine the incidence in breastfeeding infants, and 3) measure the effectiveness of the frenuloplasty procedure with respect to solving specific breastfeeding problems in mother-infant dyads who served as their own controls. METHODS: We examined 2763 breastfeeding inpatient infants and 273 outpatient infants with breastfeeding problems for possible ankyloglossia and assessed each infant with ankyloglossia, using the Hazelbaker Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function. We then observed each dyad while breastfeeding. When latch problems were seen, we asked the mother to describe the sensation and quality of the suck at the breast. When pain was described, we asked the mother to grade her pain on a scale of 1 to 10. When lingual function was impaired, we discussed the frenuloplasty procedure with the parent(s) and obtained informed consent. After the procedure, the infants were returned to their mothers for breastfeeding. Infant latch and maternal nipple pain were reassessed at this time. RESULTS: Ankyloglossia was diagnosed in 88 (3.2%) of the inpatients and in 35 (12.8%) of the outpatients. Mean Hazelbaker scores were similar for the presenting symptoms of poor latch and nipple pain. Median infant age (25th and 75th percentiles) at presentation was lower for poor latch than for nipple pain: 1.2 days (0.7, 2.0) versus 2.0 days (1.0, 12.0), respectively. All frenuloplasties were performed without incident. Latch improved in all cases, and maternal pain levels fell significantly after the procedure: 6.9 +/- 2.31 down to 1.2 +/- 1.52. CONCLUSION: Ankyloglossia is a relatively common finding in the newborn population and represents a significant proportion of breastfeeding problems. Poor infant latch and maternal nipple pain are frequently associated with this finding. Careful assessment of the lingual function, followed by frenuloplasty when indicated, seems to be a successful approach to the facilitation of breastfeeding in the presence of significant ankyloglossia.
Adult↗
Ankyloglossia: the adolescent and adult perspective.
OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterize examination findings and functional limitations due to ankyloglossia in adolescents and adults and to evaluate frenuloplasty in this group. Study design A prospective study was conducted of 15 individuals with ankyloglossia aged 14 to 68 years. Baseline symptoms were recorded by questionnaire, and tongue mobility measures were compared with that of 20 control subjects. Six subjects were reassessed postfrenuloplasty. RESULTS: Thirteen of 14 patients with uncorrected ankyloglossia (93%) noted symptoms including speech problems (50%) and mechanical limitations (57%), such as difficulty licking the lips. Mean tongue protrusion and elevation at baseline measured 15.5 +/- 6.0 mm and 13.6 +/- 8.0 mm, respectively, for patients and 32.0 +/- 3.9 mm and 30.3 +/- 4.9 mm for control subjects (P < 0.001). Postfrenuloplasty, tongue function improved both subjectively and objectively in 6 of 6 patients, with a mean gain of 9.2 mm for protrusion (P < 0.05) and 13.0 mm for elevation (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Symptoms related to ankyloglossia are prevalent in this age group and respond favorably to frenuloplasty.
Adolescent↗
The effect of ankyloglossia on speech in children.
OBJECTIVE: We wanted to determine whether ankyloglossia is associated with articulation problems and the effect of frenuloplasty on speech and tongue mobility. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a prospective study of 30 children aged 1 to 12 years with ankyloglossia undergoing frenuloplasty. Outcomes were assessed by measurements of tongue mobility, speech evaluation, and parent questionnaires. RESULTS: Mean tongue protrusion improved from 14.2 mm preoperatively to 25.8 mm postoperatively (P < 0.01). Similarly, mean tongue elevation improved from 5.2 to 22 mm (P < 0.01). Preoperative speech pathology evaluation documented articulation problems thought due to ankyloglossia in 15 of 21 children. Postoperative evaluation in 15 of these children showed improvement in articulation in 9, no change in 4 who had normal speech preoperatively, and an ongoing articulation disorder in 2. Parent perception of speech intelligibility on a scale of 1 to 5 improved from 3.4 to 4.2 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Tongue mobility and speech improve significantly after frenuloplasty in children with ankyloglossia who have articulation problems.
Articulation Disorders↗
X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia in an Icelandic family.
Information was available on 293 family members and spouses of seven generations in an Icelandic family with high frequency of cleft of secondary palate and ankyloglossia. The authors have personally investigated 182 individuals in generations IV-VII and have drawn blood from over 100 members for genetic marker studies. The senior author, Dr. Björnsson, has operated on two-thirds of the affected individuals. Twenty-six family members had cleft palate (CP) and, of these, 19 (17 male and two females) had ankyloglossia as well (CP + A). Twenty females and one male had only ankyloglossia (A). All mothers in one of two branches of the family who had sons with CP + A had ankyloglossia themselves. This was not the case in the other branch, in which the mothers of affected sons were themselves unaffected. Fathers affected with CP, CP + A, or high vaulted palate (HVP) never had affected sons. As reported earlier, the condition has been mapped to the q13-q21 region of the X chromosome using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques (Moore et al, 1987). Our conclusion is that this midline defect is X-linked but varies in the severity of expression.
Chromosome Mapping↗
Ankyloglossia: does it matter?
Ankyloglossia is an uncommon oral anomaly that can cause difficulty with breast-feeding, speech articulation, and mechanical tasks such as licking the lips and kissing. For many years the subject of ankyloglossia has been controversial, with practitioners of many specialties having widely different views regarding its significance. In many children, ankyloglossia is asymptomatic; the condition may resolve spontaneously, or affected children may learn to compensate adequately for their decreased lingual mobility. Some children, however, benefit from surgical intervention (frenotomy or frenuloplasty) for their tongue-tie. Parents should be educated about the possible long-term effects of tongue-tie while their child is young (< 1 year of age), so that they may make an informed choice regarding possible therapy.
Child↗
Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia) and breastfeeding: a review.
Tongue-tie (partial ankyloglossia) is a congenital condition in which the membrane under the tongue is too short or may be attached too near the tip of the tongue, thereby preventing tongue protrusion. Considerable controversy among health professionals persists regarding the appropriate treatment of partial ankyloglossia. Therefore, lactation consultants need to be aware of tongue-tie and its potential negative impact on breastfeeding. This discussion examines issues relating to the possible need for treatment and the role of the lactation consultant in the evaluation and care of the infant who presents with ankyloglossia.
Breast Feeding↗
Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie): a diagnostic and treatment quandary.
The tongue is an important oral structure that affects speech, the position of teeth, periodontal tissue, nutrition, swallowing, nursing, and certain social activities. Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) limits the range of motion of the tongue, impairing its ability to fulfill its functions. In this article, diagnostic criteria needed to evaluate and treat ankyloglossia are suggested, and a method for classifying ankyloglossia is proposed.
Adolescent↗
Linkage analysis of X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia in Manitoba Mennonite and British Columbia Native kindreds.
A locus (CPX) responsible for X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia was previously mapped to the proximal long arm of the X chromosome through DNA marker linkage studies in two large kindred: an Icelandic family and a British Columbia (B.C.) Native family. In this study, additional linkage analyses have been performed in the B.C. family and in a newly identified Manitoba Mennonite family with X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia. The Manitoba CPX locus maps to the same region as Icelandic and B.C. CPX. Two-point disease-to-marker linkage analyses in the Manitoba family indicate a maximum lod score (Zmax) between CPX and DXS349 (Zmax = 3.33 at theta = 0.0). In multipoint linkage analysis, combined data from the B.C. and Manitoba families suggest that the most likely location for CPX is at DXS447 in Xq21.1 (multipoint Z = 13.5). The support interval for CPX at DXS447 extends approximately from PGK1 to DXYS1 and includes a newly isolated polymorphic locus DXS1109.
Autoradiography↗
Ankyloglossia: controversies in management.
PURPOSE: To determine current beliefs regarding ankyloglossia and its treatment. DESIGN: Anonymous written survey. PARTICIPANTS: Otolaryngologists (OTO, n=423), pediatricians (PD, n=425), speech pathologists (SP, n=400), and lactation consultants (LC, n=350) were randomly selected from professional membership lists, with a response rate of 209 (49%), 235 (55%), 150 (37.5%), and 203 (58%), respectively. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Sixty-nine percent of LCs, but a minority of physician respondents, believe tongue-tie is frequently associated with feeding problems. Sixty percent of OTOs, 50% of SPs, but only 23% of PDs believe tongue-tie is at least sometimes associated with speech difficulties. Sixty-seven percent of OTOs versus 21% of PDs believe tongue-tie is at least sometimes associated with social/mechanical issues. Surgery is recommended at least sometimes for feeding, speech, and social/mechanical issues by 53, 74, and 69% of OTOs, respectively, but by only 21%, 29%, and 19% of PDs. CONCLUSION: The significance of ankyloglossia in children remains controversial, both within, and between, specialty groups.
Adult↗
Craniofacial expression of human and murine TBX22 correlates with the cleft palate and ankyloglossia phenotype observed in CPX patients.
Cleft palate with ankyloglossia (CPX; MIM 303400) is inherited as a Mendelian, semidominant X-linked disorder and has been described in several large families from different ethnic origins. It is a useful genetic model for non-syndromic cleft palate, a common congenital disorder. Recently, the underlying genetic defect in CPX was identified, where unique mutations were found in the T-box-containing transcription factor TBX22. Here we report two new familial cases with novel missense and insertion mutations, each occurring within the T-box domain and highlighting the functional significance of this DNA-binding motif. We describe TBX22 expression in early human development, where expression is found in the palatal shelves and is highest prior to elevation to a horizontal position above the tongue. mRNA is also detected in the base of the tongue in the region of the frenulum that corresponds to the ankyloglossia seen in CPX patients. Other sites of expression include the inferior portion of the nasal septum that fuses to the palatal shelves, the mesenchyme from which tooth buds develop, and the tooth buds themselves. We have also identified the orthologous mouse Tbx22 gene and performed expression analysis in E12.5-E17.5 mouse embryos. The location of mRNA expression closely correlates between mouse and human, while at later stages of development, we also detected expression in mouse lung and whisker follicles. We conclude that expression of TBX22 is entirely consistent with the CPX phenotype and that the mouse should provide a useful model for elucidating its role in craniofacial development.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Ankyloglossia with deviation of the epiglottis and larynx.
We observed ankyloglossia to be usually accompanied by displacement of the epiglottis and larynx. Infants with this disease developed dyspnea and skin and hair abnormalities. In addition, they had other symptoms, such as a dark forehead, a frowning expression, a dark color around the lips, scanty eyebrows, swelling around the palpebrae, harsh respiratory sounds, hard crying, snoring, and frequent yawning. In spite of these abnormalities, they had been considered to be healthy by their pediatricians. Arterial oxygen percent saturation (SaO2) was measured while the infants were asleep, suckling, and awake. The results revealed that their SaO2 was unstable and slightly low. The symptoms and signs of this disease were very similar to those observed in victims of sudden infant death syndrome before their death. Correction of the ankyloglossia and deviation of the epiglottis and larynx resulted in great improvement of these signs as well as a stabilization and increase of SaO2.
Cyanosis↗
Assessment of lingual function when ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) is suspected.
Dental specialists are frequently confronted with the task of attempting to determine whether a cause and effect relationship exists between a short or restricting lingual frenum (ankyloglossia or tongue-tie) and a specific oral motor dysfunction. Because there is no standardized definition of what constitutes a condition of tongue-tie, the dental practitioner is often unsure as to the appropriate course of action with a patient with suspected ankyloglossia. This paper describes clinical measures that permit quantifying several anatomic and functional aspects of the tongue. Such baseline analysis provides a more definitive appraisal of lingual function as well as a more objective basis for making pre- and posttreatment comparisons.
Child↗
Enhanced prevalence of ankyloglossia with maternal cocaine use.
A series of 500 term neonates was examined in a well-baby nursery, 68 of whom tested positive for maternal cocaine use. From logistic multiple regression equations, weight and crown-heel length were significantly smaller in the maternal cocaine-use subset of this case-control study. Partial ankyloglossia, with a prevalence of 4.4 percent in the overall series, was significantly more common in males than in females (6.0% versus 2.3%), while race (black or white) had no influence on trait frequency. Controlling for race and sex, ankyloglossia was 3.5 times more likely to occur in the drug-use series, perhaps as a function of diminished mitotic rates.
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
Are the features of ankyloglossia limited to the lingual fraenum?
A 16-year-old male patient presented with ankyloglossia accompanied by a complaint of forceful spurting of saliva from the mouth and a unilateral swelling in the submandibular region. Following surgical relief of the ankyloglossia, the spurting of saliva had virtually ceased and the submandibular swelling disappeared without recurrence.
Adolescent↗
[Superior ankyloglossia].
Three cases of congenital superior ankyloglossia, two central and one lateral, are presented. All children had also other malformations. The embryology, etiology and syndromes including ankyloglossia are analysed and the authors review the world literature during de five last years founding only a few similar cases.
Female↗