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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

Based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and validation experiments to investigate the active components and mechanisms of action of Tibetan Medog County Citrus medica L.: In antioxidant activity.

BACKGROUND: The antioxidant potential of citrus plants is closely related to their geographical origin, making it crucial to evaluate the natural antioxidant properties of Citrus medica L. (C. medica) from Medog County, Tibet. METHODS: This study systematically investigates the antioxidant mechanisms of C. medica using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental assays. RESULTS: The antioxidant activity experiments showed that C. medica exhibits good bioactivity, and the fruit has better antioxidant activity than the leaves. Network pharmacology revealed 11 active components of C. medica with 1547 antioxidant-related targets. Key targets include TP53, IL6, AKT1, STAT3, and TNF. Gene ontology (GO) analysis identified 1419 biological process entries, 147 cellular component entries, and 306 molecular function entries. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis identified 212 antioxidant-related signaling pathways. The GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses showed that the targets are involved in cancer pathways, protein binding, enzyme binding, lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis. Molecular docking demonstrated that the 11 active components of Medog C. medica exhibit binding energies with core targets TP53, IL6, AKT1, STAT3, and TNF generally less than -5 kcal·mol-1, indicating good affinity. CONCLUSION: This study identifies the excellent antioxidant activity of C. medica from multiple aspects and elucidates its potential antioxidant mechanisms, providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of C. medica as an antioxidant functional additive.

Molecular Docking Simulation↗
PubMed1979

[Correlation of the increase in DNA methylation and antioxidant activity of mouse liver nuclear lipids after administration of antioxidant and in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma].

The content of 5'-methylcytosine in total DNA of mouse liver increases 2--2,5-fold 3 hrs after a single intraperitoneal injection of antioxidant (4-methyl-2,6-ditretbutylphenol) (20 or 60 mg per 1 kg of body weight) and makes up to 2--2.4 mol.%. The methylation of liver DNA is also increased more than 2-fold in Ehrlich ascite carcinoma. The DNA isolated from mouse liver after administration of antioxidant or during cancer growth markedly differs from liver DNA of intact animals in its CH3-accepting ability under in vitro methylation by the methylase complex from Enterobacter cloacea. The changes in DNA methylation in mouse liver under the effects of antioxidant and in Ehrlich ascite carcinoma are correlated with the changes in the antioxidant activity of liver nuclear lipids.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antioxidative activity of lipids in mice during aging and administration of an antioxidant with gerontological protective action.

Changes in the antioxidative activity (AOA) of the liver were studied during natural aging in noninbred and C3HA mice and during administration of the synthetic anti-oxidant 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine hydroxypyridine hydrochloride to the animals, and the effect of the doses of this compound on the level of AOA in the liver of animals aged 2 months also was investigated. Liver AOA in mice was found to decrease during aging; the decreae in animals with tumors was found to be two or three times slower than in animals without tumors. Administration of the compound after the age of 8 months led to a considerable increase in liver AOA, and this may evidently account for the considerable lengthening of the life of the experimental animals.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of D,L-malic acid dibenzylhydrazide on changes in the antioxidizing activity of lipids and monoamine oxidase activity in mouse organs].

Administration of dibenzylhydracide of D,L-malic acid (inhibitor of monoamine oxidase) into animals caused not only inhibition but also transformation of the mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity, which acquired the property to deaminate histamine. Effect of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor on the antioxidative activity of lipids from mouse liver and brain tissues was studied. Effect of the dose administered and of the period of its action after administration were characterized. Influence of the inhibitor on oxidation of methyloleate was also studied in a model system. The data obtained suggest that the transformation-producing effect of the substance was not related to its immudiate action on the enzyme molecule but was apparently due to its influence on the intensity of lipid peroxidation in membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

QTLs associated with phenolic acid accumulation and antioxidant activity in tropical maize.

Maize represents a significant source of phytochemicals, with phenolic acids standing out as one of the most extensively studied functional compound families. These bioactive molecules have gained attention for their potent antioxidant properties and potential contributions to human health improvement. To evaluate the segregation of phenolic compounds in maize and its genetic basis, this study was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with major phenolic compounds and their antioxidant capacity. The mapping population comprised 100 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between P84 and Kilima. Twelve traits were analyzed: free and cell wall-bound antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, and contents of p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, three isomers of di-ferulic acid, and three isomers of tri-ferulic acid. The RILs exhibited substantial diversity in phenolic compound profiles. In total, 19 QTLs were identified for nine traits, with the number of associated regions ranging from 1 to 5 and explaining between 2.95% and 37.48% of the phenotypic variation. This research provides substantial evidence for the co-localization of major QTLs for principal phenolic acids in maize with genomic regions harboring genes putatively related to their biosynthesis and biotic resistance. This is the first study to report QTLs associated with triferulic acids in maize. The identified regions co-localizing with biotic stress resistance genes represent targets for marker-assisted selection toward the improvement of phenolic acid accumulation in maize breeding programs.

QTLs↗
PubMed1979

Serum antioxidant activity in normal and abnormal subjects.

Serum oxidant activity (AOA) was correlated with the serum caeruloplasmin and serum copper concentration and with the total and available serum iron-binding capacity in 313 normal and abnormal subjects. In all groups except in patients with Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) there was a highly significant direct correlation between serum AOA and serum caeruloplasmin concentration. A statistically significant direct correlation between serum AOA and the available iron-binding capacity of serum was found only in normal subjects and in children with thalassemia major and iron overload. There was no correlation between serum AOA and the serum tocopherol concentration in any of the groups studied.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reactions of tumor and organs of tumor-bearing animals to administration of a synthetic antioxidant].

Alterations of lipid antioxidative activity in liver and tumor as well as change in weight of spleen and tumor were studied in mice with hepatoma-22 after administration of synthetic antioxidant 4-methyl-2,6-ditertbutylphenol (ionol) at doses 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg during the 6th day of growth of the tumor. Lipid antioxidative activity was shown to respond similarly to administration of ionol in liver tissue of both the intact and tumor-bearing animals. The antioxidative activity was increased after administration of these doses of the antioxidant, then the antioxidative activity was decreased down to the initial level when the dose 30 mg/kg was used and below this level--at the dose 100 mg/kg. Both doses of the drug increased the lipid antioxidative activity in tumor. The dose 30 mg/kg of ionol stimulated the growth of the tumor and increased the weight of spleen in tumor-bearing animals and the dose 100 mg/kg--inhibited these parameters. Regulation of oxidation of the lipids in tumor appears to be impaired or altered to another level as compared with the oxidation of lipids in normal tissues or in the tissues of tumor-bearing animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Nonimmunological host defenses: a review.

Nonimmunological defenses are very diverse in type. Some are directed against already transformed cells and belong to mechanisms of containment. Others exert a surveillance by preventing or inhibiting initial events of carcinogenesis. Chalones and oncolytic factors in sera and exudates are agents of containment. Under appropriate circumstances, the autoxidation of thiols and the formation of mixed disulfides lead to destruction of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Both processes involve the generation of superoxide radicals and of hydrogen peroxide which, in turn, activate the peroxide:peroxidase:halide system. Thiol:disulfide ratios and interchange codetermine the antioxidative activity of cellular membranes, thus bearing on carcinogenesis. Many aliphatic and aromatic antioxidants are endowed with anticarcinogenic properties. The fact that they are inhibitors of free radical processes corroborates the increasingly evident role of free radicals in carcinogenesis. Endogenous antioxidants and exogenous ones in foods are agents of surveillance. Antioxidant activity, linked with the ergastoplasm, points to a homeostatic mechanism that prevents self-accelerating chain reactions from leading to membrane damage or to carcinogenesis. Carcinogens can also be inactiviated by microsomal enzymes belonging to an overall mechanism of detoxification. Activity levels of these systems depend on diet and state of nutrition. They may be naturally very low, but they can be increased with various inducers.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Targeting the bile acid receptor TGR5 with Gentiopicroside to activate Nrf2 antioxidant signaling and mitigate Parkinson's disease in an MPTP mouse model.

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by classical symptoms including bradykinesia, rest tremor and rigidity. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are recognized as pivotal factors in PD progression. Gentiopicroside (GPS), a secoiridoid derived from Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa, exhibits antioxidant and mitophagy induction properties. Nonetheless, the effects and mechanisms by which GPS mitigates neurodegeneration in PD remain to be thoroughly elucidated. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of GPS in PD models. METHODS: We established the MPTP/MPP+-induced PD models to measure the neuroprotection of GPS. Transcriptomic analysis, oxidative biochemical kits, western blot and cell immunofluorescence were conducted to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms at play. Subsequently, the targeting and activation of the transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor-5 (TGR5) by GPS were measured by molecular docking, cellular thermal shift assay, microscale thermophoresis (MST) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) quantitation. Finally, we verified whether the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of GPS were dependent on TGR5 by using specific small interfering RNA (siRNA), pharmacological antagonist and knockout mice. RESULTS: GPS significantly attenuated dopaminergic (DAergic) neuron loss and restored motor function in the MPTP-induced PD mouse model. Whole-genome RNA sequencing and subsequent mechanistic investigations revealed that GPS enhanced the expression and facilitated nuclear entry of factor erythroid-related 2-factor 2 (Nrf2), and reduced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction stimulated by neurotoxin. Additionally, GPS could target TGR5 and prevent its downregulation in PD model. TGR5's silencing or inhibition weakened the neuroprotective effect of GPS and blocked GPS-mediated activation of Nrf2 antioxidant signaling in PD model. Moreover, the therapeutic effect of GPS in mitigating motor deficits and neurodegeneration was also abolished in Tgr5 knockout mice. CONCLUSION: These findings collectively indicated that GPS targeted TGR5 to activate Nrf2 antioxidant signaling and ultimately ameliorated the pathological progression of PD.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Integrated widely targeted metabolomics and GC-IMS reveal dynamic flavor, nutritional, functional, and metabolic profiles in macadamia kernels during processing.

Different processing stages influence the color, flavor, and antioxidant activities of macadamia kernels. However, the biochemical mechanisms that occur during processing are not well known. This study integrated widely targeted metabolomics (UPLC-MS/MS) with GC-IMS to systematically characterize non-volatile and volatile compounds in macadamia kernels across key three sample groups: fresh kernels (FMN), low-temperature-dried kernels (DMN), and roasted kernels (BMN). A total of 622 non-volatile metabolites and 52 volatile compounds were identified. Low-temperature drying promoted the accumulation of phenolic acids and flavonoids, enhancing antioxidant capacity. Roasting degraded heat-sensitive nutrients but generated flavor compounds via Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation, shifting aroma from green to nutty notes. Nutritional assessment confirmed that roasting significantly reduced antioxidant activities and bile acid binding capacity. Pearson correlation analysis verified the key metabolite-antioxidant relationships. These findings provide critical insights into metabolic dynamics during nut processing and establish a scientific basis for optimizing thermal processing strategies.

Metabolomics↗
PubMed2026

Domesticated Argania spinosa in Eastern Morocco: HPLC-DAD/GC-MS Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities, and Network Pharmacology-Guided Molecular Docking.

The argan tree (Argania spinosa) is an endemic Moroccan species known for its primary product, argan oil, which possesses exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties. The current study aimed to evaluate and compare the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of argan oil obtained from the introduced and native argan tree in eastern Morocco, to analyze its chemical composition using HPLC-DAD and GC-MS, and to investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the obtained pharmacological activities through an in silico pharmacological networking and molecular docking study. The results revealed that argan oil from all three regions of Morocco (Oujda, Agadir, and Chouihya) is rich in oleic and linoleic acids as major constituents, along with the presence of significant tocopherols. Regarding the antioxidant assays, including DPPH radical scavenging and iron-reducing power tests, argan oil from Oujda exhibited the highest activity, with the lowest IC50 values of 15.25 ± 0.022 mg/mL and 28.5 ± 1.7 mg/mL, respectively. Concerning the antidiabetic activity, we found that oil from Chaouihya showed the strongest α-amylase inhibition, while Oujda oil had the highest antiglycation activity, indicating that even introduced argan trees retain potent bioactivity. The results of the in silico investigation suggested that tocopherols may contribute to the antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of argan oil, showing predicted antioxidant activity (Pa = 0.843-0.967) and favorable binding affinities toward iNOS (ΔG = -9.3 kcal mol-1) and α-glucosidase (ΔG = -8.2 kcal mol-1). The identified fatty acids also showed predicted insulin-promoting activity (Pa = 0.59-0.75) and moderate enzyme-binding potential. Pharmacological network analysis identified 51 shared genes associated with antioxidant, antidiabetic, and argan-related targets, with enrichment of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. These computational findings provide possible molecular associations that may help explain the observed biological activities, although they remain predictive and require experimental validation. Overall, the in silico analysis suggests that tocopherols could be among the contributors to the multi-target profile of Argania spinosa oil, while fatty acids may provide complementary effects related to glycemic regulation.

Sapotaceae↗
PubMed2026

Olive leaf protein hydrolysates yield gastro-resistant peptides with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential: peptidomics, in vitro validation and molecular docking analyses.

Olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves are an abundant olive-oil by-product and a promising feedstock for sustainable valorisation. An olive leaf protein isolate (OLPI) from olive-leaf powder (OLP) was enzymatically hydrolysed to yield seven hydrolysates (OLPHs). All showed notable antioxidant activity as whole hydrolysate matrices (EC₅₀ = 0.11-0.28 mg mL-1); likely reflecting the combined contribution of released peptides and co-extracted phenolic compounds; the 15-min Alcalase product (OLPH15A) showed high activity with the shortest processing time. Its INFOGEST digest (dOLPH15A) attenuated LPS-induced inflammation in Caco-2 cells, down-regulating pro-inflammatory and up-regulating anti-inflammatory genes. Peptidomics identified 7037 peptides in OLPH15A and 534 in dOLPH15A, from which twenty gastro-resistant sequences were prioritised for in silico analysis. Multi-tool prediction and docking highlighted four peptides, GAAGGIGQPL, QSAYPGTGPL, GGGAGGGDGGIL and LDAQFPGVN, with favourable predicted affinity for the TLR4/MD2 complex, suggesting that they may contribute to the observed immunomodulatory response. These findings position olive leaves as a viable source of protein hydrolysate-based ingredients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, advancing the valorisation of olive-oil by-products.

Olea↗
PubMed2026

Takotsubo Syndrome: The First Non-Acute Proteomic Analysis by Remote Dried Blood Microsampling.

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an under-recognized form of acute-onset heart failure typically precipitated by stress. While recovery of cardiac function is described over the course of weeks, adverse outcomes after apparent recovery are increasingly recognized. However, the pathophysiology of non-acute manifestations remains poorly understood. We used mass-spectrometry-based discovery proteomics from remotely collected non-acute dried blood microsamples to perform a case-control study in 62 participants with a prior TTS episode (median of 2.24 years prior to sample collection) and 47 reference controls. We quantified 398 unique proteins, and found that agnostic clustering techniques showed separation between TTS and reference control samples. This represents the first proteomic characterization of non-acute TTS. Pathway analysis of the 52 differentially regulated proteins demonstrated enrichment of proteins involved in complement activation, nitric oxide signaling, and with antioxidant activity. These enriched pathways may be suggestive of a persistent cardiomyopathy resulting from or predisposing to TTS.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Tumor-derived antioxidants suppress immunity by depriving T cells of reactive oxygen species.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote genomic instability and fuel oncogenic signaling in cancer, but antioxidant therapies have so far failed to improve, or worsen, cancer outcomes. Emerging data suggest that T cells depend on ROS for signal transduction. In this study, we show that tumors exploit this dependency, releasing antioxidant enzymes into the tumor environment to suppress T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. The interstitial fluid of tumors possesses potent antioxidant activity, associated with enrichment of the antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1). Extracellular PRDX1 deprives T cells of ROS, preventing oxidative inactivation of phosphatases required for T cell receptor-driven kinase signaling and effector function. Prdx1 is up-regulated upon cancer immunoediting, and loss of PRDX1 within tumors enhances antitumor immunity and immunotherapy responses. These findings define a redox-dependent mechanism of tumor immunosuppression that is potentially amenable to therapeutic intervention.

Animals↗
PubMed2025

Discovery and characterisation of catedehas A-C, a new class of antioxidant α,β-dehydroamino acid derivatives.

Dehydroamino acids are a class of noncanonical unsaturated amino acids commonly found in various naturally occurring peptides and proteins. In this study, we successfully cloned and heterologously expressed the cda biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces nitrosporeus ATCC 12769 in Streptomyces lividans TK24, leading to the identification of three α,β-dehydroamino acid derivatives, designated as catedehas A-C (1-3). Among these, compound 2, although previously reported, lacked any detailed characterisation data. Their structures were elucidated by high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, along with other spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1-3 exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity in DPPH· free radical scavenging assay, with IC50 values of 27.52, 12.51, and 8.32 μM, respectively.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2026

Comparative metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling of flavonoid diversity and antioxidant capacity in three Isatis species.

Flavonoids are key bioactive compounds in plants with significant health benefits. This study employs an integrated multi-omics approach to investigate flavonoid diversity and antioxidant capacity across three Isatis species: I. oblongata, I. tinctoria, and I. indigotica. Metabolomic profiling identified 200 flavonoids, with glycosides being the most abundant class. I. tinctoria exhibited the highest total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity, strongly correlated with the accumulation of 53 core differential flavonoid metabolites, most of which were glycosylated derivatives. Transcriptomic analysis revealed coordinated upregulation of phenylpropanoid pathway genes and specific UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in I. tinctoria, providing a genetic basis for its enhanced glycoside production. The study establishes a clear genotype-metabolite-phenotype linkage, highlighting glycosylation as a key mechanism underlying flavonoid-driven antioxidant superiority in Isatis. Although the current evidence is primarily correlative, the consistent and strong associations across independent transcriptomic, metabolomic, and antioxidant datasets provide a robust foundation for this conclusion. These findings offer new insights into the metabolic evolution and regulatory networks of flavonoids, with implications for breeding and metabolic engineering of high-value medicinal plants.

Flavonoids↗