[Proceedings: Spincter-preserving resection of rectal neoplasms without anus praeter].
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Humans↗
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Results for “Anus Neoplasms”
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Assessment of "squamous cell carcinoma antigen" (SCC) as a marker of epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal.
We measured squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) in epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal in 66 patients. Samples were taken at diagnosis, before treatment, and during follow-up; 353 samples were analyzed. The positive threshold was taken as 2 ng/ml. At diagnosis, the sensitivity of the marker was 44 percent and its specificity 92 percent. In our series, the pretherapeutic level of SCC does not correlate with T as in Papillons' Clinical Staging System, but it does correlate with nodal invasion (P less than 0.05). It is of no prognostic value at the time of diagnosis. During follow-up, at relapse the level of SCC is 20.3 +/- 43 ng/ml. This increase is significant (P less than 0.01): the sensitivity of the marker is 77 percent. In patients who have relapsed, development of the illness correlates with the level of SCC, which is of prognostic value (P less than 0.01). In conclusion, the level of SCC should be associated with the clinical follow-up of patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal.
Adult↗
[Evaluation of the "squamous cell carcinoma antigen" as marker of epidermoid cancer of the anal canal].
The authors studied the value of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen (SCC) in squamous carcinoma of the anal canal in 66 patients. Assays were made at the time of diagnosis, before any treatment and during follow-up. A total of 353 assays were made. The positive threshold was selected at 2 ng/ml. At the time of diagnosis, sensitivity of the marker was 44 per cent and its specificity 92 per cent. In our series, pre-treatment SCC levels were not correlated with T by the Papillon classification, but were correlated with lymph node involvement (p less than 0.05). They had no prognostic value at the time of the initial diagnosis. During follow-up, at the time of recurrence, SCC levels were 20.3 +/- 43 ng/ml. This rise was significant (p less than 0.01), the sensitivity of the marker being 77 per cent. In patients who had a recurrence, the outcome was correlated with SCC levels and the latter were of prognostic value (p less than 0.01). In conclusion, SCC levels should form part of the clinical monitoring of patients with a squamous carcinoma of the anal canal.
Adult↗
A comparison between the macrophage migration inhibition test (MMI) and the leucocyte adherence inhibition test (LAI) in patients with melanoma and carcinoma of the colon.
Patients with progressing tumours have circulating leucocytes which are sensitised to tumour specific antigens and their serum contains blocking factors. Patients who have tumours which have been successfully destroyed do not have circulating blocking factors although their lymphocytes continue to remain sensitised to the tumour antigens. Two tests, known to detect cellular sensitisation and serum blocking activity, the leucocyte adherence inhibition test (LAI) and the macrophage migration inhibition test (MMI) have been compared in a small group of patients with malignant melanoma and carcinoma of the colon. There was agreement between the results of both tests in over three-quarters of the tests performed and in those which failed to agree neither test was favoured in relation to the known tumour state of the patient. Thirty-two tests were performed in 22 patients, there was one false positive with MMI testing, seven false negative results for the LAI test and six for the MMI test.
Animals↗
Tumours of the anal region induced in mice by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine.
CBA female mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine developed a high incidence of benign and malignant tumours in the anal region. Many of these tumours originated from the perianal glands rather than the epidermis.
Anal Gland Neoplasms↗
[Incidence of perineal injuries following Miles' operation for anorectal cancer].
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Detection and localization of human papillomavirus DNA in human genital condylomas by in situ hybridization with biotinylated probes.
We have examined the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in paraffin sections of humans warts by in situ hybridization with biotin-labeled DNA probes. Recombinant plasmid DNAs (HPV-1, -6, -11, -16) were labeled by nick translation with biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate. Paraffin sections were hybridized with the probes for 18 h in stringent or non-stringent conditions, and DNA-DNA hybrids were detected by immunocytochemistry. Paraffin sections of warts were also examined for the presence of HPV capsid antigen with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method for immunocytochemistry. HPV DNA was detected and localized in paraffin sections from a plantar wart, a laryngeal papilloma, and seven anogenital condylomas. The specific HPV type present in each lesion was determined by hybridization under stringent conditions with the homologous DNA probe. The papillomas were found to contain many more cells with replicating virus DNA, as demonstrated by in situ hybridization, than was apparent from the number of cells containing detectable virus antigen. In situ hybridization with biotin-labeled probes is an effective technique for the identification of HPV infection in routinely collected and processed tissue specimens.
Antigens, Neoplasm↗
The utility of squamous cell carcinoma antigen for the follow-up of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.
BACKGROUND: Thirty-three patients with histologic documentation of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal underwent prospective serial collection of 234 serum samples for radioimmunoassay of SCC tumor-associated antigen. METHODS: There were 23 female and 10 male patients, with a median age of 55 years. Twenty-two of the 33 patients had multimodality therapy with radiation therapy and chemotherapy as initial treatment. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 22 months (range, 4-52 months), with a median of 13 serum specimens per patient (range, 1-23 specimens). Twenty-eight patients currently have no evidence of disease, 4 patients are alive with disease, and 1 patient died with disease. CONCLUSION: In these 33 patients, the sensitivity of the SCC tumor-associated antigen was 76%, specificity 86%, and positive predictive value 62%.
Adult↗
Stromal neoplasms of the rectum and anal canal.
Nineteen mural-based stromal tumors of the rectum and anal canal were reviewed, with the objective of delineating pathologic features discriminative of malignancy in these uncommon neoplasms. Ten locally excised tumors failed to recur during long-term follow-up and were considered benign. All occurred in the submucosa and ranged in size from 1.0 to 7.0 cm (mean, 2.1 cm). Three were sparsely cellular; seven had the appearance of gastric-type cellular leiomyomas. All lacked nuclear atypia and displayed mitotic activity not exceeding 1 mitosis/50 high-power microscopic fields. In contrast, of nine tumors exhibiting malignant behavior, eight (89%) were located in the muscularis propria. Their mean size was 4.5 cm (range, 1.6 to 11 cm). Necrosis was present in six tumors (67%). Seven sarcomas retained a cellular leiomyomatous appearance but exhibited moderate cytologic atypia. Mitotic counts ranged from 5 to 58 mitoses/50 high-power microscopic fields. Three locally excised sarcomas recurred in the rectum at 2, 2, and 7 years. In five patients tumor recurred in the pelvis. Five patients died of disease 0.67, 1.2, 3, 5, and 11 years post-diagnosis. One patient died with sarcoma at 31 years. Three patients are without evidence of recurrent neoplasm 5, 5, and 7 years postresection. Our data indicate that not all anorectal, mural-based stromal neoplasms are a priori malignant. While location within the muscularis propria, size, nuclear atypia, and tumoral necrosis correlate with malignancy, mitotic activity is the cardinal indicator of sarcomatous behavior in stromal neoplasms of the rectum and anal canal.
Adult↗
Granular cell tumour (myoblastoma): two cases and a review of the literature.
Granular cell tumour is a rare neoplasm consisting of nests or ribbons of polyhedral cells with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and small, dense nuclei. It may occur at various sites throughout the body. Two cases, one of the tongue and one of the rectum, are reported and the pathology and management of this uncommon neoplasm are discussed.
Adult↗
Characterization of integrated human papillomavirus type 11 DNA in primary and metastatic tumors from a renal transplant recipient.
A primary perianal squamous cell carcinoma and two metastatic tumors from a renal transplant recipient with a previous history of condyloma acuminatum were analyzed by filter hybridization for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA. Each of the DNA extracts from these three tissues was found to contain HPV DNA. Stringent hybridization and restriction endonuclease analysis identified this viral DNA as HPV 11 related, which largely comigrated with cellular DNA, suggesting the presence of integrated viral DNA. Each DNA extract was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, which separates circular and linear forms of DNA and can demonstrate linear viral DNA, which comigrated with high molecular weight linear cellular DNA, thus implying viral integration. In all three cases the vast majority of viral DNA was found to comigrate with linear DNA; in addition, a significant portion comigrated with high molecular weight cellular DNA, suggesting the presence of integrated viral DNA in these tumors. Restriction endonuclease analysis of high molecular weight cellular DNA from each of these tumors revealed identical banding patterns, indicating that the integration site in each tissue is identical and, therefore, that all three tumors most likely originated from a single clonal event. These molecular results are presented in light of the clinical history of this patient with a histologically "low grade," but biologically aggressive, squamous cell carcinoma and suggest that HPV 11 may be associated with the initiation of malignant epithelial neoplasms.
Adult↗
[The detection of human papillomaviruses in histological preparations by using dot-blot hybridization].
The 56 tissue samples were obtained from female patients with anogenital tumors, benign or malign, subsequently confirmed through pathomorphological analysis. The investigations were aimed at the discovering of HPV presence using hybridization techniques with biotinylated molecular probes and monitorisation through enzymatic reaction. The presence of ADN types 11, 16 and 18 was detected on about 52% of all the cases; the ADN HPV incidence was 57% among the patients with a neoplasm and/or cervix uteri papillomatosis diagnosis.
Adult↗
[Diagnostic error in the clinical area. A discussion contribution].
Regarding the great number and the possible consequences for the patient it's surprising that there is almost no discussion concerning wrong diagnoses in medicine. Based on the experience of a working team at a center for general pediatric surgery we tried to recognize the most common mechanisms leading to wrong or insufficient diagnoses. For better illustration we describe the histories of six patients; in their cases the diagnostic errors could probably have been avoided by an exact examination procedure. One way to decrease pitfalls in daily medicin life seems to be the reflexion upon the errors and try to minimize them and their sources.
Adolescent↗
Mucinous carcinoma of anal duct origin presenting clinically as a vaginal cyst.
The vast majority of vaginal submucosal cysts are benign lesions. Primary malignant tumors of the vagina are infrequent and most are mucosal lesions. A case is described in which an unusual neoplasm, anal duct carcinoma, presented clinically as a vaginal lesion. The importance of considering anal neoplasia in the differential diagnosis of cystic vaginal lesions is noted.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
Anal cloacogenic and squamous carcinomas. Comparative histologic analysis using in situ hybridization for human papillomavirus DNA.
In order to evaluate the morphologic and possible etiologic distinctions between anal cloacogenic and squamous carcinomas, we performed histologic examination and in situ hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA on anal canal and anal verge carcinomas from 37 patients. Twenty-one neoplasms were invasive or in situ squamous carcinomas, 14 were invasive cloacogenic carcinomas, and two were unclassified. In situ hybridization was positive for HPV types 16/18 in 12 cases and for types 6/11 in two cases of anal squamous carcinoma (67% HPV positivity overall). All 14 cases classified as anal cloacogenic carcinoma were negative for HPV DNA by this technique. One of the two unclassified carcinomas was positive for type 16/18 DNA. We conclude that anal cloacogenic and squamous carcinomas are histologically similar but distinct neoplasms. Differential expression of HPV DNA in these lesions may be a manifestation of separate mechanisms of pathogenesis, or it may be due to varying degrees of tumor cell differentiation.
Anus Neoplasms↗
[Carcinoid of the rectum].
Rectal carcinoid is an extremely rare neoplasm which makes as few as 0.4% of all rectal malignancies. Morphological criteria of malignity of these tumors are unclear. Surgery proved the only radical method of treatment.
Adult↗
Multicentric cloacogenic carcinoma: report of a case with anogenital pruritus at presentation.
A case of multicentric cloacogenic carcinoma of the perianal skin and vulva in a 79-year-old woman is presented, and the embryologic basis for the multicentricity is discussed. Histologically, cloacogenic carcinoma can be differentiated from other small cell neoplasms that affect the area. Cloacogenic carcinoma should be considered a rare cause of anogenital pruritus. It is important to perform an early biopsy of anogenital lesions that do not respond to conventional therapy.
Aged↗