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Results for “Aortic Rupture”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Acute hypertension: its significance in traumatic aortic rupture.

Traumatic aortic rupture is a common occurrence associated with 16 percent of deaths from automobile accidents. Through a review of current literature and two recent cases from The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, we have attempted to elucidate a common physical finding, acute hypertension associated with blunt chest trauma, and prove its significance as a diagnostic clue to traumatic rupture of the aorta. New laboratory findings of an aortic sympathetic reflex stimulated by stretching the aortic wall in the area of the isthmus provides a physiological explanation for the cause of hypertension after aortic trauma.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1978

Echocardiographic diagnosis of ruptured aortic valve leaflet in bacterial endocarditis.

Aortic valve rupture, secondary to aortic valve endocarditis, was diagnosed echocardiographically and closely followed preoperatively. The ruptured left coronary cusp of the aortic valve was seen as dense irregular echoes, located anteriorly during ventricular diastole, and protruding into the left ventricular outflow tract in an otherwise normally appearing aortic valve. These echocardiographic findings, when correlated with changes in the clinical status of the patient, prompted immediate cardiac catheterization and aortic valve replacement. Early echocardiographic detection of abnormal aortic cusps and variation from normal aortic root echo features should alert the physician to proceed to cardiac catheterization, and aortic valve replacement if necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Relation of hemodynamics to the incidence of diethylstilbestrol-induced aortic ruptures in hypertensive and hypotensive lines of turkeys.

Hypertensive and hypotensive lines of turkeys were treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) alone, or with DES and propranolol (PROP). Untreated turkeys of each blood pressure line served as controls. Mortality rate from aortic ruptures was highest (43.7%) in the hypertensive line treated with DES, but mortality was reduced to 7.7% when this line of turkey was treated with both DES and PROP. Among the hypotensive line of turkeys treated with DES, 26.7% died of aortic ruptures, but none died when these turkeys were treated with DES and PROP. Propranolol did not influence serum cholesterol levels, and all DES or DES and PROP treated birds had greatly elevated values, as contrasted to untreated turkeys. Aortic lipid values were highest in the hypotensive line of turkeys treated with DES, but, by histologic evaluation, aortic atherosclerosis was equally severe in all DES-treated turkeys. Blood pressure and aortic dp/dt max were higher in the hypertensive line treated with DES than in the similarly treated hypotensive line. This probably accounted for the higher mortality in the former group. Absence of significant mortality in either line of turkey following treatment with both DES and PROP apparently resulted from the decreased stress on the aorta caused by lowering of blood pressure and aortic dp/dt max by PROP.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Traumatic aortic rupture: an additional roentgenographic sign.

Esophageal displacement to the right at the level of the aortic arch and isthmus, as marked by an opaque nasoesophageal tube on anteroposterior chest roentgenogram is a useful sign in diagnosing traumatic aortic rupture. Finding this esophageal displacement in patients with blunt chest trauma warrants an immediate thoracic aortogram for demonstration of possible aortic injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Aortic rupture in a patient with elastosis perforans serpiginosa (Lutz-Miescher).

A case of aortic rupture in a 30-year-old women with a rare skin disease, elastosis perforans serpiginosa, is presented. Skin lesions are characterized by marked elastic tissue changes. Multiple large arteries and the distal part of the aorta were thinwalled also with aneurysm-like dilatations. Focal fibroelastosis and degenerative changes were present in the vessel walls. The changes in the aorta made the surgical treatment difficult.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Echocardiographic manifestations of ruptured aortic valvular leaflets in the absence of valvular vegetations.

The diagnosis of ruptured (perforated or torn) aortic valvular leaflets due to various causes has been made primarily at surgery or postmortem examination. Although angiocardiographic studies readily reveal aortic regurgitation, they rarely establish the presence of a ruptured aortic cusp as the cause of the aortic leak. Recent echocardiographic experience has brought to our attention seven patients with ruptured aortic valvular leaflets in whom the absenc of valvular vegetations was confirmed at surgery in six and at autopsy in one. The echocardiogram of the aortic root in these subjects revealed little or no increment in the diameter of the aortic root. In systole the usual box-like configuration of the leaflets, similar to that observed in normal subjects, was seen; however, in diastole the normal thin midaortic linear echoes were replaced by a thick band of echoes which often revealed high-frequency oscillations. In addition, high-frequency fibrations of the anterior mitral leaflet in diastole and increased systolic excursion of the interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Aortic rupture into the esophagus during angiography.

A 67-year-old woman was examined and found to have symptoms and chest roentgenogram suggesting acute aortic dissection. During emergency angiography, massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding developed, and the woman died. The angiogram showed a raised intimal flap of acute dissecting aneurysm. Postmortem examination showed extensive cystic medial necrosis, aortic dilation, and an unusual combination of anatomic abnormalities, which explained the previously unreported false-positive intimal flap. The site of aortic rupture was not localized, but a large tear was found in the esophagus.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Copper levels in livers of turkeys with naturally occurring aortic rupture.

Lesions of connective tissue in the media of the aorta, including ruptures, were produced with experimental copper deficiency in turkey poults. The copper and molybdenum contents in the livers of 12 turkeys that had succumbed to naturally occuring aortic ruptures were measured to determine if field cases of the disease are etiologically related to copper deficiency. Half of the livers contained less than 10 ppm copper, and the others contained 10--20 ppm copper. Molybdenum levels were less than 1 ppm.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Copper salts for growth stimulation and alleviation of aortic rupture losses in turkeys.

Approximately 4000 Large White, day-old turkey poults were used in a series of eight experiments to study the effects of dietary copper supplementation. The hens were grown to 15 or 16 weeks and toms to 24 weeks of age. Either copper as the oxide or sulfate (hydrate) at 120 ppm stimulated growth up to 10% with a concurrent reduction in feed requirement. Levels of 60 ppm were not adequate, whereas 240 ppm were not toxic. There was a greater response to copper in the presence of 4-nitrophenylarsonic acid (4-nitro) or with low protein diets. In two of the eight studies copper enhanced aortic elastin content. Incidence of aortic rupture was greater in the presence of 4-nitro and was reduced by one-half through copper supplementation. Liver copper was not altered by 60 or 120 ppm Cu; 240 ppm caused a significant increase.

Animals↗