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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

The distribution, size and density of the apocrine glands in hidradenitis suppuritiva.

The distribution, size and density of the apocrine glands in hidradenitis suppuritiva as compared with those in axillary hyperhidrosis and normal controls have been studied. There are no significant differences in the size or density of the apocrine glands in hidradenitis suppuritiva as compared with normal controls. The apocrine glands in axillary hyperhidrosis are significantly larger than those in axillary hidradenitis and in normal controls. A simple method that can be used to demonstrate the distribution of the apocrine glands preoperatively is described. This has proved useful in delineating the area which it is necessary to excise to obtain complete apocrine gland excision in the diseased area. The apocrine gland-containing skin in the diseased region does not always correspond exactly to the hair-bearing area in that region.

Apocrine Glands↗
PubMed1975

Secretion from human apocrine glands: an electron microscopic study.

Electron microscopic examination of apocrine glands revealed three types of secretion: merocrine apocrine, and possible holocrine. In the merocrine type of secretion numerous vesicles originating in the Golgi area discharged their granular contents into the lumen of the gland. In the apocrine type of secretion three stages were observed: (1) formation of an apical cap; (2) formation of a dividing membrane at the base of the apical cap; and (3) formation of tubules avove the dividing membrand that extended parallel to the membrane and led to a separation of the apical cap from the underlying cell, In the holocrine type of secretion individual secretory cells or even strands of secretory cells were dischard into the lumen of the gland.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The micromorphology of the apocrine glands of the intermandibular region of the steenbok (Raphicerus campestris).

The histological structure of the newly-discovered intermandibular glandular region in male and female steenbok is described. This region consists of enlarged sebaceous and apocrine glands which secrete a substance used for demarcating grazing territories and for marking females. Migratory lymphoid cells in the epithelium of the apocrine glands resemble Langerhans cells of the epidermis and forestomach epithelium but do not contain Langerhans cell granules. Cells, which are probably of lymphoid origin and resemble sebaceous gland cells, sometimes occur in the apocrine glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of the human ceruminous apocrine gland. II. Myoepithelial cells.

The myoepithelial cells of the human ceruminous apocrine gland were observed with transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The myoepithelial cells are long fibrous cells about 100-150 mum in length and 3-5 mum in width. They are arranged in parallel with each other, and their long axes are parallel to that of the secretory tubule itself. The tips of cells are often sharply pointed and their lateral tapering surface may be contiguous with adjacent cells forming a side-by-side contact, while other cells may have a blunt tip which is conjuncted with a similar tip of the next cell forming an end-to-end junction. The myoepithelial cells are joined to each other by desmosomes and there are also desmosomes at their junction with secretory cells. The outer surface of the cell abutting on the basal lamina has some exaggerated densities which are undoubtedly identical to the hemidesmosomes of epidermal cells. There are well developed foldings in the plasma membrane of the secretory cells, but the surface of the myoepithelial cells has very few foldings and projections. The relative shortage of intercellular attachment devices between the secretory and myeopithelial cells makes it easy to peel off the secretory cells to disclose the myoepithelium, a useful feature of scanning electron microscopy. The nucleus-containing part of the cell protrudes slightly upward and invades the secretory epithelium. The cytoplasmic rim surrounding the nucleus contains a small Golgi apparatus and some other organelles. The cytoplasm of the basal half of the cell contains closely packed myofilaments running parallel to the long axis of the cell. There is no definite arrangement of thin and thick myofilaments. Microtubules which often occur in pairs are arranged parallel to the myofilaments.

Apocrine Glands↗
PubMed1976

[Enzyme histochemical studies of the general body surface apocrine glands in the domestic cat].

With enzyme histochemical methods, the distribution and the activities of various oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes in the apocrine glands of the general body surface of the domestic cat were investigated. The results obtained support the view that these glands are clearly active in function. On the whole, however, the relatively weak enzyme activities in the secretory portion of the glands point to only unimportant secretion production rates.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of the human ceruminous apocrine gland. I. Secretory glandular cells.

The secretory portion of the apocrine sweat gland of the human external auditory meatus which is also called the ceruminous gland was observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The secretory glandular cells contain a well developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum are often closely applied to large round mitochondria. These large mitochondria have no relationship to the secretory granules. Near the concave surface of the Golgi lamellae several tubules can be found. In these golgi-associated tubules a dark substance may accumulate to form specific large dense granules. Many less dense droplets or vacuoles may appear in these dark prosecretory granules and become liberated from their surface. Vacuoles formed in this manner then migrate to the apical cell surface and often discharge their contents into the gland lumen by the mechanism of exocytosis. Also, some of these vacuoles may be released into the lumen by the pinching off of small protrusions of cytoplasm, that is, they are released by the so-called apocrine secretory mechanism. Acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated not only in the dark prosecretory granules but also in clear vacuoles situated at the apical end of the cell and in the gland lumen. Such a histochemical finding may indicate that the secretory substance of the apocrine sweat gland may contain hydrolytic enzymes derived from lysosomes, which are the prosecretory granules of this gland, and these enzymes may play a role in dissolution and break down of the material extruded into the lumen by apocrine secretion. Apocrine secretory process of various sizes were observed on the luminal surface with the scanning electron microscope.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Apocrine gland adenoma and adenocarcinoma of the axilla.

Apocrine tumors from the axilla of 12 patients were studied clinically and pathologically. Based on histologic features, two tumors were classified as adenomas and ten as adenocarcinomas. All of the neoplasms were characterized by a glandular arrangement of large cells with abundant eosinophillic cytoplasm and evidence of decapitation secretion. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained PAS-positive, diastase-resistant granules. Intracytoplasmic particles of iron were demonstrable in three of ten tumors. Follow-up was available for all 12 patients. The two patients with apocrine adenoma are alive and well. Two patients with adenocarcinoma died of unrelated causes shortly after diagnosis. Of the remaining eight patients with adenocarcinoma, three have died of disease, and one is living with skeletal metastasis. A correlation appears to exist between tumor differentiation and prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Carcinoma of the apocrine glands of the vulva with intraepidermal spreading under the picture of invasive Paget's disease (author's transl)].

The histological findings of Paget's disease of the nipple and of extramammary localisation are well known. The relationship to the so called "adnexal carcinoma" has not become clear to this moment. We report a case of combination of invasive vulva Paget's disease and adnexal carcinoma of the apocrine vulvar glands. Our findings are discussed with the statements of literature about aetiology and pathogenes.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

The skin of primates. XLII. The skin of the silvered sakiwinki (Pithecia monachus).

The following characteristics indicate that the skin of the silvered sakiwinki (Pithecia monachus, E. Geoffroy, 1812) is not only basically similar to other primitive cebids, but also remarkably close to that of callithricids: a thin epidermis with diminished monoamine oxidase activity; a poorly-developed dermis, paucity of elastic fibers, and scant adnexal blood supply; hair follicles arranged in linear perfect sets; grouped hairs present on the cheek; an absence of glycogen and phosphorylase in most sebaceous glands; apocrine glands present throughout most haired body regions, but totally absent from the dorsum; and poorly-differentiated eccrine glands, confined to volar friction surfaces, which are characterized by unusual glycolytic properties. Other noteworthy cutaneous traits include: concomitant epidermal and dermal pigmentation in the face and scalp; Merkel-like disks in the friction surfaces; moderately well-developed Haarscheibe, associated with large, dorsal guard hairs; small, discrete sebaceous glands throughout the dorsum; a 1:1 ratio of apocrine glands to hair follicles in the facial, gular and anogenital areas; and numerous cholinesterase-reactive nerves around eccrine but not apocrine secretory coils. Although previous comparative studies on the skin of New World monkeys suggest that the systematic designation of two familial taxa is warranted, information regarding five of the fifteen genera which comprise the families Callithricidae and Cebidae is totally lacking. Given that three of these genera (Leontopithecus, Chiropotes and Brachyteles) can no longer be obtained from animal dealers because of exportation laws, the authors were fortunate to acquire representatives of the remaining two genera: Callicebus (titi monkeys) and Pithecia (sakiwinkis). Besides defining cutaneous characteristics common to specific taxa, two earlier works by Hanson and Montagna ('62) and Perkins et al, ('68) also suggested that members of the cebid subfamilies Aotinae and Pitheciinae possess cutaneous traits that bridge an interesting gap with the callithricids. Therefore, the acquisition of these two additional aotine and pithecine genera provided the opportunity to test this hypothesis. The following, therefore, is not just another detailed manuscript regarding the skin of primates. Rather, it is an effort to define the integumental characteristics of the last obtainable New World monkey genera, and to assess those cutaneous signatures which are interfamilially common to both the callithricids and more primitive cebids. Primary emphasis is placed on the genus Pithecia; pertinent findings concerning Callicebus will be incorporated into the forthcoming and final summarization of the phylogenetic significance of the skin of New World monkeys (Perkins, '75).

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1979

Isoantigens A, B, H in normal skin and tumors of the epidermal appendages.

Isoantigens A, B, H(O) in biopsy specimens of 26 normal skin and in 35 adnexal tumors were studied by the red cell adherence (RCA) test of Davidsohn. Isoantigens were detected in the stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, acrosyringium, keratogenous zone of hair follicle, eccrine duct, and eccrine gland. The apocrine gland and duct consistently had negative test results for isoantigens. Seventy percent of all tumors tested contained isoantigens and included syringoma, hidrocystoma, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, spiradenoma, eccrine poroma, dermal duct tumor, clear cell hidradenoma, and cylindroma. We interpreted the presence of isoantigens in adnexal tumors as being evidence of immunologic maturity with differentiation toward eccrine structures. The RCA test is a new, sensitive, immunologic technique that can complement enzyme histochemical stains and electron microscopy in the study of the histogenesis of adnexal skin tumors.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1976

Papillary carcinoma of apocrine sweat glands in a capuchin monkey (Cebus albifrons).

A tumor removed from the skin of the right pectoral region of a 19-year-old male Capuchin monkey (Cebus albifrons) was morphologically classified as a papillary carcinoma of apocrine sweat gland origin. The designation of malignancy was based primarily on cellular pleomorphism and stromal invasion. This is believed to be the first report of this neoplasm in nonhuman primates. There has been no evidence of recurrence nor metastasis in the 12 months following excision.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histochemical characteristics of the anal sacs of the cat.

The histochemistry of polysaccharides and proteins and the distribution of RNA were investigated in the glands and mature secretion of the anal sacs of the cat. Glycogen was extremely abundant in the epithelial lining of the lumen and efferent duct of the anal sac and also in ducts of sebaceous glands of the sacs constantly formed in the place of degenerating acini. Little glycogen was found in the unchanged sebaceous acini. The apocrine glands of the anal sacs were substantially richer in glycogen than the apocrine sweat glands of the skin and were in an active state. A high concentration of acid mucopolysaccharides was present in the mature secretion, and their source was the apocrine glands. The phases of the secretory cycle alternated in different cells and secretory portions of the apocrine glands highly asynchronously. Carboxylated acid mucopolysaccharides were more abundant than sulfated. Sialomucin, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate could be identified in the secretion. Neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides were present in the mature secretion in the form of complexes with one another in approximately equal proportions; neutral polysaccharides consisted chiefly of glycogen. Besides polysaccharides, the apocrine glands produce large quantities of protein, in which the mature secretion was rich. This protein was predominantly basic, and the secretion contained very little acid protein. Maturing cells of the sebaceous acini, and also other specific sebaceous glands, were characterized by a much higher protein concentration than in ordinary sebaceous glands.

Anal Sacs↗