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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imbalance of distribution of physicians in the Arab world].

The Arab world, as a whole, now has 8.5 medical doctors per 10,000 population. This average covers a great diversity of national situations; for example 0.6 doctors per 10,000 population in Somalia, and 17.5 doctors per 10,000 population in Qatar. From the viewpoint of medical staffing, the Arab countries can be grouped into four categories: (i) Countries with low medical density: their national staff is scarce, they do not have a long academic tradition, and they have to rely on foreign physicians (Yemen, Djibouti, Somalia, Mauritania). (ii) Countries with acceptable medical density: they have strengthened their medical training system during the last decades, their production of medical graduates is now fairly high, and there is seemingly a threat of oversupply (Algeria, Tunisia, Syria, Iraq). (iii) Countries with relatively high medical density: their medical staffing is below that of developed countries, but their economic possibilities are reduced, which leads to an oversupply; these countries are exporters of medical manpower (Egypt, Jordan). (iv) Countries that import medical manpower although their own medical density is quite high: their medical training is recent or non-existent and their health system relies to a great extent on foreign doctors (Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Libya, Kuwait). They are all oil producers. In brief, a shortage and an oversupply of medical doctors coexist in the Arab world, and concerted action is required.

Africa, Northern↗
PubMed1995

[The integration of Greek pharmacology into Arabic world].

The paper is a first study of the assimilation of ancient Greek pharmacology in the Arabic world. In a first part, it inventories the Greek works in the field, with their relative importance (tables 1 & 1). The second part is a study of the translations of these treatises, with, first, an inventory of their various Syriac and Arabic versions and, second, a reconstruction of the dynamic of this enterprise (table 3). The third part studies more specifically the integration of the most important work in that field, the De materia medica of Dioscorides. From the methodological point of view, the study is conducted on the Arabic sector, as well on the Greek one, with a special attention to the various aspects of the phenomenon, pharmacological, textual, artistic and others. The conclusion is that the integration of Greek pharmacology in the Arabic world reproduced the general tendencies of the Byzantine world, with an association of both Dioscorides' and Galen's works in the field.

Arab World↗
PubMed1988

Fertility policies in the Arab world.

While several countries have recorded declines in their fertility rates, the overall level of fertility in the Arab world remains high. If prevailing levels persist, the population of the Arab world is expected to double every 23.3 years. Although many experts consider that an increase of this magnitude is a deterrent to socioeconomic development, the fertility policies of most Arab countries reflect a different view. The present study reviews the perceptions of 21 governments with regard to fertility behavior in the context of socioeconomic development. The factors that determine their willingness to intervene in order to discourage or promote fertility among their people and the measures taken to do so are discussed.

Demography↗
PubMed1997

Women's health problems in the Arab World: a holistic policy perspective.

The paper reviews key health problems of women in the Arab World. It relies on data and information from international yearbooks, regional data bases, and small scale field studies. The relevant context in which women live; of lingering illiteracy rates, lack of access to cash income, and increasing poverty is described. Reproductive health is reviewed within this context pointing to trends of delayed marriage and declining fertility in some countries while other countries maintain high levels. Similar variability is observed in contraceptive use rates and the interaction of contraception and health is discussed. Evidence points to high levels of reproductive morbidity. The socio-cultural context is found particularly relevant to pregnancy and childbirth, seen as natural processes by women, to experiences of menopause, and to violence against women, particularly female circumcision. A holistic policy perspective is suggested to address these problems.

Arab World↗
PubMed1993

The first liver transplant in Saudi Arabia and the Arab world.

The first liver transplant in Saudi Arabia and in the Arab world was performed on the 30th of July, 1990, in the Armed Forces Hospital in Riyadh, on a 23-year-old male with end-stage liver disease due to sclerosing cholangitis. There were no major post-operative or post-transplantation complications. Now, sixteen months post-transplantation, the patient is doing well on immunosuppressive therapy with an almost normal liver function, and is already back at work and carrying out normal activities. This report shows that liver transplantation can be performed successfully in this part of the world.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urbanization and social change in the Arab world.

"... This paper represents an exploratory essay that looks at variations (variables) within the Arab region over time and space and that attempts to extract some of the underlying common elements that distinguish present day social change and urbanization in the Arab world." A typology is developed that identifies sub-types of Arab countries on the basis of economic structure. Major categories include heartland/confrontation states, neocolonial dependencies, semi-oil states, and oil-wealthy states.

Africa↗
PubMed1986

Population structure in the Arab world and its impact on integration and development trends.

The author examines three issues: "population structure in the Arab world; trends making for integration and unity among the Arab countries; and economic and social development trends." Data from the United Nations for 1985 and from recent censuses are used to discuss population size, growth, and spatial distribution; the labor force; age and sex distribution; and fertility, mortality, and natural increase. Figures are presented separately for 22 Arab countries. Attention is then given to the relationships between population structure and economic and social development and between development and Arab unity and integration.

Africa↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infant mortality and life expectancy in the Arab world.

This exercise illustrates the concept of spatial correlation, the categorizing of data for mapping, and the use of the scatter diagram. It employs the variables of infant mortality and life expectancy as applied to the Arab World, though any region can be used. The factor of oil exports is added to enhance discussion of the findings. An extra advantage of the exercise is the learning of names of countries in a relatively painless way. The exercise teaches both content and methods of interpretation, and it is adaptable to high school and college levels.

Demography↗
PubMed1998

Mental health services and research in the Arab world.

Although there are 22 Arab countries in the Arab League, the mental health services provided in those countries show several forms of variation. Economic, political, social and cultural factors seem to play a major role in determining the state of the psychiatric profession and the access of the service to citizens. The different needs expressed by Arab colleagues at times seem incompatible with the available allocated resources. Some Arab countries enjoy the highest income per capita, yet this is inconsistent with the quality of mental health services available there. The per capita mental health services, the availability of a Mental Health Act, and the space allocated for mental health in medical curricula are but a few of the concerns that have been expressed by colleagues from the different countries of the Arab region. The following review will attempt to draw up a profile of the situation for mental health services and research in the region, and to suggest some measures for intervention.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1995

[Primaquine and travelers from the Arab world. A report and recommendations].

This paper reports on 2 hemolytic serious reactions in 2 Arabian patients because of the use of primaquine as presumptive antimalarial treatment given in Cuba to all travellers from countries where malaria is endemic. Taking into account the non-existence of imported malaria cases in travellers from the Arab-world since more then 15 years and the frequency of individuals presenting with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency it is recommended not to use this therapeutic procedure, and to maintain the rest of surveillance measures to all travellers from such region.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The practice of honor crimes: a glimpse of domestic violence in the Arab world.

Domestic violence, especially violence against women, is a serious health problem in the United States and in many countries of the world. However, information on violence against women in the Arab culture is scarce. The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate the incidence of violence against women in one Middle Eastern country. The focus of the research is to determine the cultural context in which violent crimes against women are committed and the social and legal implications of such crimes. The research method included: (1) a review of all court files of women murdered during 1995 in the country of Jordan and, (2) the social norms and sanctions against persons who commit crimes against women. Of 89 homicide cases reviewed, 38 involved female victims. Analysis of the court files of the 38 murdered women indicated that a male relative of the female victim, primarily the brother, committed the majority of the murders. The most common cause for the murders provided in the files was "honor crime." Honor crime was defined as crime committed against women by their male family members because the women had violated the honor of their family. Cultural norms and practices including the legal practices related to honor crimes support the practice of killing women for sexual misconduct and excuse perpetrators of the crimes from punishment.

Adolescent↗