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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Anti-inflammatory and radical scavenge effects of Arctium lappa.

The effects of Arctium lappa L. (root) on anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenger activity were investigated. Subcutaneous administration of A. lappa crude extract significantly decreased carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. When simultaneously treated with CCl4, it produced pronounced activities against CCl4-induced acute liver damage. The free radical scavenging activity of its crude extract was also examined by means of an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. The IC50 of A. lappa extract on superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenger activity was 2.06 mg/ml and 11.8 mg/ml, respectively. These findings suggest that Arctium lappa possess free radical scavenging activity. The inhibitory effects on carrageenan-induced paw edema and CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity could be due to the scavenging effect of A. lappa.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Studies on differentiation inducers. VI. Lignan derivatives from Arctium fructus. (2).

In the previous paper, we reported the differentiation inducing activities of lignoids from Arctium Fructus (the fruits of Arctium lappa L., Compositae) against mouse myeloid leukemia cells (M1). We reinvestigated the active components of this extract and isolated three new dilignans. Furthermore, structure modifications were carried out using the most active lignan (arctigenin, 1) and its structure-activity relationship was investigated. Its aliphatic esters were more effective in inducing the differentiation of M1 cells than its aromatic esters. Especially, n-decanoate, which was the most active derivative, induced more than half of the M1 cells into phagocytic cells at a concentration of 2 microM.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Metabolism in Arctium lappa L. at the primary stage of germination].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the metabolic changes of the seeds at the primary stage of germination in Arctium lappa. METHOD: By means of electrophoresis the changes of peroxidases and soluble proteins were assayed at the primary stage of germination. RESULTS: The color of some original bands was enhanced, some original bands disappeared, and some new bands were detected in peroxidase patterns during the germinating process. The color changes were the main expression in soluble protein patterns. The bands of soluble proteins changed most obviously at 96 h and 120 h after germination. CONCLUSION: It follows that the metabolic process in the seeds of Arctium lappa at the stage of germination is complex and 96 h and 120 h after germination are the key times of metabolism.

Asteraceae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatoprotective effects of Arctium lappa Linne on liver injuries induced by chronic ethanol consumption and potentiated by carbon tetrachloride.

Arctium lappa Linne (burdock) is a perennial herb which is popularly cultivated as a vegetable. In order to evaluate its hepatoprotective effects, a group of rats (n = 10) was fed a liquid ethanol diet (4 g of absolute ethanol/ 80 ml of liquid basal diet) for 28 days and another group (n = 10) received a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml/kg carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in order to potentiate the liver damage on the 21st day (1 day before the beginning of A. lappa treatment). Control group rats were given a liquid basal diet which did not contain absolute ethanol. When 300 mg/kg A. lappa was administered orally 3 times per day in both the 1-day and 7-day treatment groups, some biochemical and histopathological parameters were significantly altered, both in the ethanol group and the groups receiving ethanol supplemented with CCl(4). A. lappa significantly improved various pathological and biochemical parameters which were worsened by ethanol plus CCl(4)-induced liver damage, such as the ethanol plus CCl(4)-induced decreases in total cytochrome P-450 content and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity, increases in serum triglyceride levels and lipid peroxidation (the deleterious peroxidative and toxic malondialdehyde metabolite may be produced in quantity) and elevation of serum transaminase levels. It could even restore the glutathione content and affect the histopathological lesions. These results tended to imply that the hepatotoxicity induced by ethanol and potentiated by CCl(4) could be alleviated with 1 and 7 days of A. lappa treatment. The hepatoprotective mechanism of A. lappa could be attributed, at least in part, to its antioxidative activity, which decreases the oxidative stress of hepatocytes, or to other unknown protective mechanism(s).

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Stereochemical diversity in lignan biosynthesis of Arctium lappa L.

The stereochemistry of lignan biosynthesis in Arctium lappa L. is regulated organ-specifically. (+)-Secoisolariciresinol [81% enantiomeric excess (e.e.)] was isolated from A. lappa petioles. In sharp contrast, lignans whose predominant enantiomers have the opposite absolute configuration to that of (+)-secoisolariciresinol [i.e., (-)-matairesinol (>99% e.e.), (-)-arctigenin (>99% e.e.), and (-)-secoisolariciresinol (65% e.e.)] were isolated from seeds of the species. The stereochemical diversity of secoisolariciresinol was demonstrated with enzyme preparations from A. lappa petioles and seeds. Thus, a petiole enzyme preparation catalyzed the formation of (+)-pinoresinol (33% e.e.), (+)-lariciresinol (30% e.e.), and (+)-secoisolariciresinol (20% e.e.) from achiral coniferyl alcohol in the presence of NADPH and H202, whereas that from ripening seeds catalyzed the formation of (-)-pinoresinol (22% e.e.), (-)-lariciresinol (>99% e.e.), and (-)-secoisolariciresinol (38% e.e.) under the same conditions. In addition, the ripening seed enzyme preparation mediated the selective formation of the optically pure (>99% e.e.) (-)-enantiomer of matairesinol from racemic (+/-)-secoisolariciresinols in the presence of NADP. These results indicate that the stereochemical mechanism for lignan biosynthesis in A. lappa varies with organs, suggesting that multiple lignan-synthesizing isozymes are involved in the stereochemical control of lignan formation in A. lappa.

Arctium↗
PubMed2026

Evaluating three alternative scenarios for the origin of a disjunct Arctium tomentosum population in the Pyrenees.

BACKGROUND: Disjunctions in species distributions offer natural experiments for investigating the mechanisms underlying distributional breaks, such as range contraction, long-distance pollen transport, or long-distance seed dispersal. Here, we document and characterise a floristic novelty in the Pyrenean and Iberian regions, and use it as a case study to investigate the processes underlying disjunct species distributions. Our analysis focuses on Arctium L. (burdocks), a genus native to Eurasia comprising several cosmopolitan weedy species. It is characterised by hooked capitula that facilitate epizoochorous dispersal. METHODS: To clarify the taxonomic identity of a previously undocumented Pyrenean population resembling A. tomentosum, we adopted an integrative approach, combining distribution information, morphology, genome size, repetitive DNA analysis and chloroplast data across the four known European species. Additionally, we conducted a comparative study of functional capitulum traits, predispersal fruit predation, and associated entomofauna for the newly discovered population and nearby A. minus populations. RESULTS: The discovered population constitutes a floristic novelty for the region and is identified as A. tomentosum, exhibiting signatures of past introgression from A. minus, as indicated by cytonuclear discordance. We evaluated three alternative scenarios to explain its origin: (i) persistence as a relict from a previously wider distribution, (ii) long-distance pollination by migrating insects, and (iii) long-distance seed dispersal from an A. tomentosum population with a history of past introgression. Of these, only the third is consistent with the available evidence. These results highlight the complexity of interpreting disjunct species distributions and underscore the value of integrative approaches for resolving population identity, origin, dispersal, and persistence across environments.

Arctium↗
PubMed1984

A desmutagenic factor isolated from burdock (Arctium lappa Linne).

A desmutagenic factor was isolated from burdock (Arctium lappa Linne). This factor reduced the mutagenicity of mutagens that are active without metabolic activation, such as 4-NO2-1,2-DAB and 2-NO2-1,4-DAB, as well as mutagens such as ethidium bromide, 2-aminoanthracene, Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 requiring S9 for metabolic activation. It is resistant to heat and proteolytic enzymes and sensitive to treatment with MnCl2. The partially purified principles had a molecular weight higher than 300 000 and showed characteristics of a polyanionic substance. An irreversible diminution of the mutagen was confirmed by treatment of 2-NO2-1,4-DAB or Trp-P-2 with the burdock factor.

Biotransformation↗
PubMed2000

Hepatoprotective effects of Arctium lappa on carbon tetrachloride- and acetaminophen-induced liver damage.

The root of Arctium lappa Linne (A. lappa) (Compositae), a perennial herb, has been cultivated for a long time as a popular vegetable. In order to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of A. lappa, male ICR mice were injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, 32 microl/kg, i.p.) or acetaminophen (600 mg/kg, i.p.). A. lappa suppressed the SGOT and SGPT elevations induced by CCl4 or acetaminophen in a dose-dependent manner and alleviated the severity of liver damage based on histopathological observations. In an attempt to elucidate the possible mechanism(s) of this hepatoprotective effect, glutathione (GSH), cytochrome P-450 (P-450) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were studied. A. lappa reversed the decrease in GSH and P-450 induced by CCl4 and acetaminophen. It was also found that A. lappa decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in CCl4 or acetaminophen-intoxicated mice. From these results, it was suggested that A. lappa could protect the liver cells from CCl4 or acetaminophen-induced liver damages, perhaps by its antioxidative effect on hepatocytes, hence eliminating the deleterious effects of toxic metabolites from CCl4 or acetaminophen.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1993

Isolation and characterization of a xyloglucan from gobo (Arctium lappa L.).

A xyloglucan was isolated from the 24% KOH extract of gobo (edible burdock, Arctium lappa L.). A methylation analysis and enzymic degradation studies on the polysaccharide showed that gobo-xyloglucan was built up predominantly of repeating-oligosaccharide units of hepta-(Glc:Xyl = 4:3), nona- (Glc:Xyl:Gal:Fuc = 4:3:1:1) and deca- (Glc:Xyl:Gal:Fuc = 4:3:2:1) saccharides in an approximate molar ratio of 14:12:5, which are the typical structural units of dicot xyloglucans.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1993

[Studies on the chemical constituents of Arctium lappa L].

Six compounds were isolated from the seeds of Arctium lappa L. One of them is a new lignan named neoarctin B(VI). The structure has been elucidated on the basis of spectral (UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, 2D-NMR and MS) analysis. The other five compounds were identified as daucosterol (I), arctigenin (II), arctiin (III), matairesinol (IV) and lappaol F (V).

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pectin production from burdock (Arctium sp.)].

The pectin complex of different morphological parts of burdock: leaf, leaf stems, main stock have been investigated. High quantity of pectic substances about 1.9% per wet mass, has been detected in the leaf stems of burdock. It has been also established that pressed leaf stems as to pectin content (about 21% of dry mass) do not give in to traditional raw material for pectin production: pressed apple, squeezed sugar-beet, citrus fruit peel, sunflower head, etc. The technological scheme of pectin production from burdock has been developed. Pectin powder obtained from burdock was of light grey colour. The total output was 17% of dry mass of raw material. Uronide component of burdock pectin was 66%, esterification rate 47%, methoxyl component 9%, equivalent weight 343, the free carboxyl group content 16%.

Carboxylic Acids↗
PubMed1992

Determination of arctiin and arctigenin in Fructus Arctii by reverse-phase HPLC.

The fruits of Arctium lappa L. is an often-used herbal drug in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of common cold caused by wind and heat. This drug contained many constituents, principally arctiin, with arctigenin in smaller amount. In this work, arctiin has been isolated from the fruits of Arctium lappa, and then enzymolyzed into arctigenin. The obtained arctiin and arctigenin were characterized and then used as standards for their determination in the crude drug by HPLC. The method is simple, rapid and accurate.

Benzyl Compounds↗