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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Asian breast cancer survival in the US: a comparison between Asian immigrants, US-born Asian Americans and Caucasians.

BACKGROUND: This study examines whether acculturation of Asian American women, assessed by place of birth, is associated with survival after diagnosis of breast cancer. We hypothesized that environmental factors associated with acculturation, such as a high-fat diet, would result in a pattern of better survival for first-generation Asians compared with subsequent-generation Asian Americans. METHODS: Analyses compare survival among women of four ethnic groups (Chinese [n = 1842], Japanese [n = 3319], Filipino [n = 1598] and a random sample of Caucasians [n = 10,000]) who were diagnosed with primary invasive breast carcinoma in three Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) regions (San Francisco/Oakland, Hawaii, Seattle/Puget Sound) between 1973 and 1994. Analyses by birthplace compare first-generation Asian immigrants with subsequent-generation Asian Americans of the same ethnicity. Analyses were based on the Cox proportional hazards model and adjusted for age at diagnosis, stage of disease, year of diagnosis, type of treatment, marital status, and SEER region. RESULTS: Japanese women had significantly better survival than all other races, but there were no significant differences in survival between Chinese, Filipino, and Caucasian women. There were no significant differences in survival by place of birth within each Asian ethnic group, after adjustment for demographic characteristics, stage of disease, and treatment. CONCLUSION: The findings do not support the hypothesis that acculturation of Asian American women is associated with decreased breast cancer survival.

Acculturation↗

PubMed1999

Behaviours and expectations in relation to sexual intercourse among 18-20 year old Asians and non-Asians.

OBJECTIVES: To begin to map the reported behaviours and attitudes of young Britons of south Asian origin that may have implications for sexual health. "South Asian" refers to people able to trace their ancestry from the Indian subcontinent (that is, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh), henceforth referred to as "Asian". DESIGN: A cross sectional study of sexual behaviour using self report measures in a self complete section of a social survey administered by trained interviewers in 1996. SETTING: Greater Glasgow, Scotland. SUBJECTS: Sample (n = 824) originally recruited aged 14-15 in 1992 in secondary schools in Greater Glasgow and subsequently traced through general practitioner registration for 1996 survey. 492 Asians and non-Asians aged 18-20 years old eventually interviewed in their own homes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported experience of sexual intercourse, age at first intercourse, and contraceptive practice over year before interview. METHODS: Measures of sexual behaviour and attitudes were elicited through a self complete questionnaire filled out in the presence of, and returned to, a trained social interviewer. RESULTS: Asians, and particularly Asian women, were far less likely to report having had heterosexual intercourse. Those Asian women who had had intercourse were likely to do so for the first time at an older age, and with an older partner, than the non-Asian women. Asian women were less likely to report using the pill than non-Asian women, irrespective of their marital status, and Asian men were less likely than non-Asian men to report using condoms. Asian sexual abstinence was reported to be for religious reasons, which were not important for non-Asians. In contrast with non-Asians, Asians saw themselves as likely to be married with children within the next 5 years. Asian men considered the ideal age to marry for men and women to be younger than the non-Asian men's average estimate. Asian and non-Asian women suggested a similar ideal age for men to marry, but Asian women considered a younger age appropriate for women than did non-Asian women. CONCLUSIONS: The higher level of sexual abstinence among Asians, and particularly women, has implications for the delivery of sexual health services to the minority who are sexually active before marriage. The underreporting of condom use by Asian men compared with their non-Asian counterparts, suggests a failure of the existing sexual health education and health services to reach minority ethnic young men which may be remedied by collaborative work with institutions currently used by the Asian community.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Efficacy and safety of simvastatin in Asian and non-Asian coronary heart disease patients: a comparison of the GOALLS and STATT studies.

BACKGROUND: Asians are thought to be more responsive to the lipid-lowering effects of statins than non-Asians although there are no head-to-head trials that examine this perception. OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of the GOALLS and STATT studies that used similar titrate-to-goal protocols with 20 mg up to 80 mg simvastatin in Asian and non-Asian coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. METHODS: GOALLS (N = 198; included non-Asians and Asians) and STATT (N = 133; included Asians only) were both multi-center, open-label 14-week studies in CHD patients with serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels 115 mg/dL-180 mg/dL and triglycerides (TG) levels < or = 400 mg/dL. Simvastatin was titrated from 20 mg/day up to 80 mg/day in order to achieve the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) LDL-C target < or = 100 mg/dL. The primary efficacy variable was the percentage of patients attaining the NCEP LDL-C target at Week 14. Secondary endpoints included proportion of patients achieving the European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society/European Society of Hypertension (European) LDL-C target < or = 115 mg/dL at Week 14 and percentage change in lipid parameters. Safety and tolerability were assessed by monitoring adverse experiences and safety laboratory tests. Fifteen Asian patients were part of the GOALLS cohort and their data were compared separately with results of non-Asians from GOALLS and Asians from the STATT study. RESULTS: After 14 weeks of simvastatin treatment, 87.1% of GOALLS non-Asians, 85.7% of GOALLS Asians, and 78.2% of STATT patients attained the NCEP LDL-C target. At Week 14, 94.4%, 92.9%, and 91.7% of the GOALLS non-Asians, GOALLS Asians, and STATT patients achieved the European LDL-C target, respectively. The average treatment doses to attain NCEP and European targets were comparable among groups. The percentage reductions in lipid parameters from baseline to week 14 were similar among groups except, changes in high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I favored Asian subjects. There was also a greater reduction in TG in the STATT study, but this was not consistent with TG reductions experienced by Asians in the GOALLS study. In both studies, simvastatin was generally well tolerated by all patients across the dosage range of 20 mg-80 mg. No cases of rhabdomyolysis or myopathy were reported in either study. CONCLUSIONS: A great majority of CHD patients is able to achieve LDL-C treatment goals (up to 90%) on simvastatin regardless of racial background. Simvastatin treatment at doses of 20 mg-80 mg is well-tolerated in Asian and non-Asian CHD patients. This side-by-side comparison provides evidence that Asian and non-Asian CHD populations respond similarly to comparable doses of simvastatin.

Asia↗

PubMed2006

Differences in use of peritoneal dialysis and survival among East Asian, Indo Asian, and white ESRD patients in Canada.

BACKGROUND: Racial differences in health outcomes in general are well documented; however, few studies examined the impact of East Asian and Indo Asian race on choice of dialytic modality and survival among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS: We compared the use of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and survival among East Asian, Indo Asian, and white patients with ESRD initiating dialysis therapy in Canada between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2000. RESULTS: Of 10,338 patients, 5.7% were East Asian, 3.2% were Indo Asian, and 91% were white. After controlling for sociodemographics and comorbidities, East Asian and Indo Asian patients were significantly more likely to initiate dialysis therapy on PD compared with white patients (odds ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36 to 1.96; odds ratio, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.93, respectively), with no difference in likelihood of technique failure. East Asian and Indo Asian patients had a lower risk for death after the initiation of dialysis therapy (irrespective of modality) compared with white patients, with adjusted hazard ratios of 0.66 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.76) for East Asian patients and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.53 to 0.75) for Indo Asian patients. The survival benefit for East Asian and Indo Asian patients was similar in the subgroup that initiated dialysis therapy with PD. CONCLUSION: We found that Asian patients with ESRD were more likely to initiate dialysis therapy using PD, with improved survival after the initiation of dialysis therapy, compared with white patients. Elucidation of factors in East Asian and Indo Asian ESRD populations that result in improved outcomes may have implications for ESRD treatment for other racial groups.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Survival from breast cancer among South Asian and non-South Asian women resident in South East England.

Ethnic differences in breast cancer survival have been observed in the USA but have not been examined in Britain. We aimed to investigate such differences between South Asian (i.e. those with family roots in the Indian subcontinent) and non-South Asian (essentially British-native) women in England. Primary breast cancer cases incident in 1986 -1993 and resident in South East England were ascertained through the Thames Cancer and Registry and followed up to the end of 1997. Cases of South Asian ethnicity were identified on the basis of their names by using a previously validated computer algorithm. A total of 1037 South Asian and 50 201 non-South Asian breast cancer cases were included in the analysis; 30% of the South Asian (n=312) and 44% (n=22 201) of the non-South Asian cases died during follow-up. South Asian cases had a higher relative survival than non-South Asians throughout the follow-up period. The 10-year relative survival rates were 72.6% (95% confidence interval: 69.0, 75.9%) and 65.2% (64.5, 65.8%) for South Asians and non-South Asians, respectively. The excess mortality rates experienced by South Asians were 82% (72, 94%) of those experienced by non-South Asians (P=0.004). The magnitude of this effect was slightly reduced with adjustment for differences in age at diagnosis, but was strengthened with further adjustment for differences in stage at presentation and socioeconomic deprivation (excess mortality rates in South Asians relative to non-South Asians=72% (63, 82%), P&<0.001). These findings indicate that the higher survival from breast cancer in the first 10 years after diagnosis among South Asian was not due to differences in age at diagnosis, socioeconomic deprivation or disease stage at presentation.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Attitudes to and perceived use of health care services among Asian and non-Asian patients in Leicester.

A random sample of 449 Asian patients and 447 non-Asian patients were interviewed at home in their preferred language using a personally administered questionnaire comparing attitudes to and perceived use of health care services in Leicester. The overall response rate was 89.6%. There were differences in the responses of the Asian and non-Asian populations. With respect to communication, language as a barrier appears to be a diminishing problem among Asian patients in Leicester. However, Asian patients reported finding it more difficult to gain access to their general practitioners than non-Asian patients. More Asian than non-Asian patients would have preferred direct access to consultants and most respondents from both populations felt they should be able to request a hospital opinion from their general practitioner. More Asian patients disliked management of illness by telephone than non-Asian patients, the latter feeling that telephone advice could save them a trip to the surgery, or their general practitioner a home visit. However, both groups regarded home visiting as essential. Asian patients disliked deputizing services more than non-Asian patients, and there was some support for 24 hour surgeries, particularly among the Asian population, with doctors working in shifts. As Asian patients appear to differ from non-Asian patients with respect to attitudes and perceived need for health care services, this type of survey may form the basis for the more rational planning of health care delivery to ethnic minority patients in the future.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Ethnicity modifies the effect of obesity on insulin resistance in pregnancy: a comparison of Asian, South Asian, and Caucasian women.

CONTEXT: Women of Asian and South Asian descent are at increased risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus compared with Caucasians, despite lower body mass index (BMI). Nevertheless, there has been limited study of insulin action during pregnancy in these ethnic groups. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare insulin sensitivity in pregnancy in Asian, South Asian, and Caucasian subjects and to determine whether the impact of obesity on insulin action is modified by ethnicity. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study was performed in outpatients undergoing oral glucose tolerance testing in late pregnancy. Participants were stratified into three groups: 1) Caucasian (n = 116); 2) South Asian (n = 31); and 3) Asian (n = 28). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Insulin sensitivity was measured using the oral glucose tolerance test (IS(OGTT)) index of M. Matsuda and R. DeFronzo, previously validated in pregnancy. RESULTS: There were no significant ethnic differences in insulin sensitivity despite variation in prepregnancy BMI (Caucasians, 25.2 kg/m(2); South Asians, 23.3 kg/m(2); Asians, 21.4 kg/m(2); overall P = 0.0001). On multiple linear regression analysis, the strongest independent determinants of IS(OGTT) were gestational diabetes mellitus (t = -5.71; P < 0.0001) and BMI (t = -5.43; P < 0.0001). Importantly, both Asian (t = -2.87; P = 0.0047) and South Asian (t = -2.46; P = 0.015) ethnicity also emerged as negative, independent determinants of IS(OGTT). Furthermore, Asian ethnicity significantly modified the association of prepregnancy BMI with IS(OGTT) (interaction term, t = -2.29; P = 0.0231). CONCLUSIONS: Asian and South Asian ethnicity are both independently associated with increased insulin resistance in late pregnancy. Prepregnancy BMI has a much greater effect on insulin resistance in pregnancy in Asian women than in Caucasians. Ethnicity thus emerges as a factor that modulates the effect of obesity on insulin resistance in pregnancy.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Quality of hospital service: a study comparing 'Asian' and 'non-Asian' patients in Middlesbrough.

To compare 'Asian' and 'non-Asian' patients' experience of and satisfaction with non-clinical aspects of their hospital care, and to evaluate the effect of subsequent provision of 'Asian' food, we undertook interview surveys of recently discharged adult patients in Middlesbrough. Fifty-two 'Asians' and 52 'non-Asians' matched for sex, age, specialty of admission and hospital reported similar experiences in regard to the amount of information received, the presence of medical students during examination, and satisfaction with privacy and visiting arrangements. The main differences between the groups related to the receipt of written information in the patients' first language, 'Asian' patients' inability to communicate because of lack of English and their dissatisfaction with existing interpreting arrangements, 'Asian' women's attitudes to examination by male doctors, and provision of and satisfaction with hospital food. For example, 47 (90 per cent) 'Asians' and 14 (27 per cent) 'non-Asians' required a special diet but 19 per cent and 86 per cent, respectively, received it; and 'Asians' were less satisfied with the food overall. Despite being disadvantaged 'Asian' patients seldom complained. Following the provision of 'Asian' food, 'Asian' patients reported satisfaction levels comparable with those of 'non-Asians'. Equitable health care provision for ethnic minorities requires a level of service comparable with that enjoyed by the majority community. Written information in minority languages, professional interpreters, examination of female patients by women doctors and culturally suitable food were confirmed as priority needs. Staff training and community education may ensure successful implementation of policy on health care of ethnic minorities. Finally, the quality of non-clinical care in hospital needs to be raised for all groups of patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Relapse patterns in WHO 2/3 nasopharyngeal cancer: is there a difference between ethnic Asian vs. non-Asian patients?

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess whether ethnicity is an independent prognostic factor in patients with World Health Organization (WHO) type 2 or 3 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Specifically, we examined the patterns of relapse observed in patients classified as "Asian" (born in southern China or southeast Asia) or "non-Asian" (born in Australia, Europe, the Middle East, or the Pacific Islands). METHODS AND MATERIALS: All patients planned for radical treatment at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre from April 1985 to December 1999 were included in this study. Pathology was reviewed to confirm WHO type 2 or 3 NPC. Patients were staged using the 1997 International Union Against Cancer (UICC) criteria. Mean potential follow-up time was 9.6 years (range, 1.0-18.5 years) RESULTS: There were 158 patients: 86 Asian and 72 non-Asian. Stage groupings were: I--12 patients; II--32 patients; III--59 patients; and IV--55 patients. A staging computerized tomography was performed in 121 patients, and 53 (34%) also had a staging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The Asian patients had significantly more women, more patients aged <45, and more with performance status 0 than the non-Asians. Other putative prognostic factors were not significantly different between the groups. The 5-year rates for freedom from local recurrence (FLR), failure-free survival (FFS), and overall survival (OS) for Asian and non-Asian patients were 74% vs. 82%, 61% vs. 55%, and 75% vs. 63%, respectively. Corresponding 10-year figures were: 62% vs. 82%, 43% vs. 48%, and 58% vs. 49%, respectively. Multifactor analysis showed stage and the use of MRI for staging to be significant prognostic factors for all three endpoints. Age was also significant for FFS and OS. There were no significant differences in FFS or OS between Asian and non-Asian patients. However, the FLR interval was significantly worse in the Asian group (hazard ratio [HR], 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-5.06), whereas duration of freedom from distant metastasis tended to be better (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.33-1.53). CONCLUSIONS: Although this study provides no evidence that race is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with WHO 2/3 NPC, it does suggest that relapse patterns may vary, with a higher rate of late primary failures (offset by a lower rate of distant failure) in the Asian population. Further confirmatory studies with larger patient cohorts are indicated.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Differences in contact lens-induced responses in the corneas of Asian and non-Asian subjects.

PURPOSE: To investigate ethnic differences in corneal endothelia bleb formation and corneal swelling during contact lens wear under closed-eye conditions, with the use of lenses of varying oxygen transmissibilities (Dk/L) in Asian and non-Asian subjects METHODS: Asian and non-Asian contact-lens naive subjects were fitted with one of four different types of contact lenses at each 20-minute session. During lens wear, the eyelid was closed Endothelial bleb formation was determined by specular microscopy or confocal microscopy immediately on eye opening. Some Asian contact-lens naive subjects were asked to wear one of two types of lenses (Dk/L values of 24 and 175) on each eye for 1 hour Corneal swelling was determined immediately after opening of the eyes. RESULTS: Asian subjects had a significantly higher degree of endothelial bleb formation than the non-Asian population for all closed eye conditions, p=0.0001. There was no significant difference in endothelial bleb formation between closed eves with or without lenses in the non-Asian population. There was a significantly higher degree of bleb formation with low Dk/L lenses, < or = 40, compared to high Dk/L lenses, > or = 110, in Asian subjects, p=0.0001. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant difference between Asian and non-Asian subjects in the corneal response to stress. Under a closed eyelid only contact lenses with very high levels of Dk/L do not cause cornea stress in Asian patients.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1992

Insulin resistance, diabetes, and risk markers for ischaemic heart disease in Asian men and non-Asian in Bradford.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the hypothesis, in a community not studied before, that insulin resistance associated with centralised adiposity is the mechanism underlying the predisposition of Asian immigrant communities to both ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus. DESIGN: Cross sectional study within one socioeconomic stratum. SETTING: Two factories in the textile sector in Bradford, West Yorkshire. SUBJECTS: Male manual workers of Asian (110) and non-Asian origin (156) aged 20-65 years. RESULTS: Diabetes was almost three times more prevalent in the Asian group. Two hours after an oral glucose load Asian men had double the serum insulin concentrations of non-Asian men (p < 0.0001). Asian men also had significantly lower concentrations of plasma total cholesterol (p < 0.03), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (HDL2, p < 0.0001; HDL3, p < 0.0001), and apolipoprotein AI (p < 0.0001). Fasting plasma triglyceride concentrations were slightly higher (p = 0.072) in the Asian men; thus the ratio of triglyceride cholesterol was higher (p = 0.006). The inter-relation between serum insulin and plasma lipid concentrations indicated metabolic differences between the ethnic groups. Insulin concentrations were associated with cholesterol concentrations in the Asian men only and there was a lack of association between triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol in this group. The risk marker profile in the Asian men was therefore quite different to that of their non-Asian counterparts and was associated with a greater tendency to centralised adiposity. CONCLUSION: These data support the insulin resistance hypothesis and thus have important implications for strategies for the prevention of heart disease in Asian communities in the United Kingdom.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

The ideas and experiences of pregnancy and childbirth of Asian and non-Asian women in east London.

This study examined differences between the ideas and experiences of pregnancy and childbirth of Asian and non-Asian women giving birth in East London, and sources of variability in Asian women's accounts. In line with the findings of previous research, Asian women's ideas about diet in pregnancy, the gender of their children and postnatal care (e.g. the need for rest and recovery, and restrictions on their activities) were influenced by cultural beliefs and practices. However, in other ways Asian women demonstrated a strong commitment to Western maternity care. In contrast to some other studies Asian women wanted their husbands or partners present at delivery, indicating the extent to which traditional ideas are being modified. Qualitative analysis of Asian women's fuller accounts indicated that women subscribed to traditional practice as well as Western maternity care. Acculturation or familiarity with Western ideas about maternity care was associated with variability in Asian women's ideas and experiences, in line with previous research. However, in spite of frequent assumptions about its significance, religion was not associated with variability in Asian women's ideas and experiences. Parity, however, was a major variable, for Asian and for non-Asian women, suggesting that the first birth has different significance for parents than subsequent births. The implications for the provision of maternity care are discussed, especially the need to go beyond stereotypical views based on women's ethnicity or religion to consider the beliefs and preferences of women as individuals and their personal circumstances.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Ethnic and gender differences in sexuality: variations in sexual behavior between Asian and non-Asian university students.

Seven hundred and two (346 non-Asian, 356 Asian) undergraduate volunteers were assessed in a confidential laboratory setting on levels of interpersonal sexual behavior (e.g., petting, intercourse), intrapersonal sexual behavior (e.g., fantasy, masturbation), and sociosexual restrictiveness (e.g., lifetime number of partners, number of "one-night stands"). The purpose was to examine possible differences in sexual behavior between Asian and non-Asian Canadian university students and to determine the association between North American residency and the sexual behavior of Asians. The role of gender on sexual behavior both across and within ethnic groups was also examined. Statistical analyses revealed that Asian students were significantly more conservative than non-Asian students on all measures of interpersonal sexual behavior and sociosexual restrictiveness. Significant differences were also noted between Asian and non-Asian students on most measures of intrapersonal sexual behavior. With the exception of two fantasy items, length of residency in Canada was unrelated to interpersonal sexual behavior, intrapersonal sexual behavior, or sociosexual restrictiveness among Asians. Although gender differences were substantial for intrapersonal sexual behaviors such as fantasy and masturbation, no significant gender differences were found for measures of interpersonal sexual experience, with the exception of reported number of one-night stands.

Acculturation↗

PubMed2003

Differences in intermediate outcomes for Asian and non-Asian adult hemodialysis patients in the United States.

BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of information regarding the clinical experience of Asian hemodialysis patients. This paper describes intermediate outcomes for adult Asian hemodialysis patients compared to Caucasians and African Americans. METHODS: Dialysis facility staff abstracted clinical information on a national random sample of adult hemodialysis patients from October through December 2000. Associations of race with intermediate outcomes were tested by bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: A total of 429 patients were identified as Asian, 4403 as Caucasians, and 3103 as African Americans. Asian and Caucasian patients were older than African Americans [mean 63.2 (+/-15.6), 63.9 (+/-15.2), and 57.7 (+/-14.7) years, P < 0.001], and had fewer years on dialysis [mean 3.5 (+/-3.8), 3.1 (+/-3.8), and 4.1 (+/-4.1) years, P < 0.001]. Ninety three percent of Asians, 87% of Caucasians, and 84% of African Americans had a mean Kt/V > or =1.2 (P < 0.001). In addition, 36% of Asians, 32% of Caucasians, and 26% of African Americans had an arteriovenous (AV) fistula as their vascular access (P < 0.001). Hemoglobin profiles were only slightly different among the three racial groups. More Asians and African Americans had a mean serum albumin > or =4.0/3.7 g/dL compared to Caucasians (33% and 31% compared to 27%, respectively, P < 0.001). In the final multivariable logistic regression model, Asians were twice as likely to have a mean Kt/V > or =1.2 compared to Caucasians (the referent group) [odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) 2.10 (1.33, 3.32), P < 0.01]. They experienced similar intermediate outcomes for vascular access, anemia management, and serum albumin compared to the majority racial group. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that adult hemodialysis Asian patients experience similar or better intermediate outcomes compared to the majority racial group. Further study is needed to determine if these results are associated with improved survival and less morbidity in this minority group.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Cervical cytology screening: a comparison of uptake among 'Asian' and 'non-Asian' women in Oldham.

This study investigates the response of 'Asian' and 'non-Asian' women to a computer-generated invitation to attend for a cervical smear during a one-year period. One hundred and fifty-eight 'Asian' women were compared with 158 non-'Asian' women from four general practices in Oldham; the women were aged between 50 and 64 years and were from a restricted geographical area to control for socioeconomic factors. It was found that there was no difference in the response to the test invitation between the two groups (uptake in 'Asians' 61.5 per cent, 'non-Asians' 60.6 per cent). 'Non-Asian' women were more likely to have had a previous smear than 'Asian' women. The Family Health Services Authority register contained a higher number of inaccurate addresses for 'Asian' women. It is suggested that ethnicity did not seem to play an important part in the uptake of cervical smear testing in this population.

Asia↗

PubMed1983

Patterns of Asian and non-Asian morbidity in hospitals.

On the basis of surname, 6418 Asians were identified out of a total of 109 187 deaths and discharges of Leicestershire residents who had been treated in hospitals in the Trent Regional Health Authority over two years. After linkage to Hospital Activity Analysis computerised records, hospital morbidity in Asians and non-Asians was compared. Asian patients in certain age groups were more likely than non-Asian patients to be diagnosed as having asthma; leukaemia; diabetes mellitus; blood, thyroid, and eye disorders; certain forms of heart disease; and spontaneous and other types of abortion (excluding therapeutic abortion). The well recognised excess of cases of tuberculosis among Asians was also confirmed. Conversely, for some age groups, Asians were less likely than non-Asians to fall into particular diagnostic categories. Exploring such apparent differences can serve as the basis for aetiological inquiry and service planning. The patient's name is now probably the most reliable indicator of Asian ethnic origin in health records.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Birth weights of infants of first generation Asian women in Britain compared with second generation Asian women.

OBJECTIVES: To compare birth weights of infants of first generation Asian women (women born in the Indian subcontinent) with those of infants of second generation Asian women (born in the United Kingdom). DESIGN: Retrospective case note study. SETTING: Bolton District General Hospital. SUBJECTS: 331 Asian women who gave birth between January 1989 and December 1989: 220 of these women were first generation Asians and 111 were second generation Asians. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Birth weights of babies born to first and second generation Asian women. RESULTS: At all gestational ages at delivery, babies born to second generation Asian women were heavier than those born to first generation women. The mean birth weight for babies of second generation women was 3196 g, 249 g more than the mean birth weight of 2946 g of babies of first generation women (P < 0.001). After a stepwise multiple regression analysis was carried out the adjusted difference in birth weights was 280 g, greater than the crude difference. CONCLUSION: Birth weights are important in relation to perinatal mortality, which is notoriously high among Asians. The results of this study indicate that there is hope for lowering of perinatal mortality and improving postnatal growth in babies of second generation Asians.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Asian Tobacco Education and Cancer Awareness Research Special Population Network. A model for reducing Asian American cancer health disparities.

Asian Americans are the fastest growing and the second largest foreign-born ethnic group in the United States. Cancer is a leading cause of death among Asian Americans. The Asian Tobacco Education and Cancer Awareness Research (ATECAR) Special Population Network, Center for Asian Health, aimed to reduce or eliminate cancer health disparities in these diverse, underserved populations in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and New York. The ATECAR logic model was adapted from a variety of conceptual frameworks to develop and implement the network's multifaceted cancer health disparities research, training, awareness, and outreach programs. The model was the basis for the developmental phases of the network that included (1) needs assessment, infrastructure, and partnership building; (2) intervention research, training, and mentorship; and (3) evaluation, dissemination, and diffusion. Community involvement occurred at every operational level to ensure program and network sustainability. Between 2000 and 2005, the ATECAR network consisted of 88 partners, representing a cross-section of Asian communities, academia, cancer centers, and health service agencies, ensuring a viable infrastructure for the network's multidimensional cancer health disparities programs. ATECAR's research covered tobacco control, cancer prevention and intervention, and clinical trials. More than 22 research projects were conducted and their results disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. ATECAR also trained 76 junior researchers and special population investigators and 1014 community professionals in disparity issues. ATECAR's multimedia cancer awareness education program reached over 116,000 Asians. The ATECAR network's achievements have had a profound impact on Asian Americans and established a trend toward reducing cancer health disparities, especially among underserved Asian Americans. Cancer 2006. (c) 2006 American Cancer Society.

Asian↗