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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Retinopathy score: assessment of fluorescein angiography findings in diabetic retinopathy].

Scoring of the pathological changes shown by fluorescein angiography in patients with diabetic retinopathy was performed to assess the severity of retinopathy and the effectiveness of treatment. A total of 480 fluorescein angiography sessions were performed in 142 eyes of 71 patients. Eleven items of 7 signs were assessed (microaneurysms, extent of non-perfused area (NP), intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, neovascularization from the optic disc or from retinal vessels, leakage from retinal vessels and macular edema). First, the gradings for the 11 items were analysed by the quantification analysis method III and classified into 6 clusters. These 6 clusters corresponded to the grades of retinopathy. The relative severity of each grade of retinopathy was calculated by this analysis. Second, in order to determine the relative contribution of each item to the grading of retinopathy, the quantification analysis method I was used with the above 6 grades of retinopathy, which were adopted as outside criteria. The regression coefficient of the extent of NP was found to be greatest. Scores were defined as the summation of the category numbers (weights) of the main 7 items.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of neurological assessment scores from two cohorts of low-birthweight children evaluated at age four years: Dublin and Copenhagen.

We compared the neurological condition and functions at age 4 years for two cohorts of children initially treated in the neonatal intensive care units in two countries: Denmark (10) and Ireland (2). The comparisons were made in two ways: first, the more usual comparison between frequencies of cerebral palsy, mental retardation, hydrocephalus, visual and hearing loss. A second comparison was based on the items, subscales, and total scores on a neurological battery developed from the Danish data. Comparisons were made among three different birthweight groups within each country as well as between countries using analysis of variance (ANOVA). In both cohorts, significant differences were shown between two subgroups: those with birthweights less than 2300 gms and those with birthweights over 2500 gms for all subscales except the neurological ones in the Irish cohort. In the Danish cohort, significant differences were shown on all subscales among three birthweight groups: less than 1501 gms; 1501-2300 gms; and over 2500 gms. Significant differences were shown between countries for easy drawing, neurology "b", and fine motor testing.

Blindness↗
PubMed1975

The effect of therapeutic intervention on the assessment scores of narcotic addicts.

The findings presented tend to support already established trends reported in the literature concerning the performance of opiate users on standard psychological tests. Evidence which suggests that addicts are not functioning at full intellectual capacity was presented for the first time. Moreover, the use of psychological tests as outcome measures for drug treatment was indicated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fetal biophysical profile scoring.

Assessment of real-time ultrasound fetal biophysical variables has a limited role in the management of selected high-risk pregnancies. Composite biophysical scores remain inadequately studied and are of unproven value as a first-line test.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Influence of the severity of rheumatoid arthritis on sex differences in health assessment questionnaire scores.

In a study of 284 consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis attending hospital clinics a previous observation that female patients score higher on the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) than men was confirmed. A clinical disease severity score and the spread/severity index also showed that women had more severe disease. Although scores in some categories of the HAQ were higher in women, they were not disproportionately so, providing no evidence that domestic categories of the HAQ are biased against women. A multiple regression analysis showed that the spread/severity index score was the best predictor of HAQ scores, with sex making no significant contribution. The severity of the disease adequately explained the higher HAQ scores in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1979

A simplified score for assessment of fetal maturation of newly born infants.

A simplified scoring system for clinically determining fetal maturation of newly born infants has been developed and provides accurate assessment of gestational age in either well or sick babies. Certain conditions render individual criteria within the score less reliable but do not significantly lessen the reliability of the total assessment. The optimal age for maturational assessment is between 30 and 42 hours of age.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1992

The peak flow nasal patency index.

The peak flow nasal patency index (NPI) is the ratio between the nasal and oral peak airflow. This index was found to be a good indicator of nasal patency present in 24 patients following septoplasty and indicated significant improvement postoperatively. The peak flow nasal patency index was also correlated to self-assessment scores of nasal function in each patient. In this latter study, a low index correlated to a high self-assessment score, both of which indicated poor nasal patency. Our studies have shown that the peak flow nasal patency index is a useful measure for determining nasal patency, particularly for defining the results of any applied therapies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Is there any correlation between urea kinetics and the clinical outcomes in CAPD patients?].

Urea kinetic modeling was applied to 19 CAPD patients followed in our outpatient clinics. Serum beta 2-microglobulin was also measured as a marker of large molecular weight substances. Clinical conditions of patients were assessed by both doctors and patients. Patient's assessment were done by the questionnaire. Indices of urea kinetics (KT/V, PCR) and biochemical parameters were compared between well-treated and not well-treated patients judging from patient's and doctor's assessment scores. The rate of peritonitis was significantly higher in the latter group. None of the parameters were different between 2 groups except for serum albumin. There was a significant correlation between serum concentration of albumin and doctor's assessment score (gamma = 0.52). In conclusion, urea kinetic parameters is not a good indicator for adequacy of dialysis in our CAPD population. Serum albumin seems to be one of the indices for adequate dialysis. However, clinical symptoms and signs are more valuable than biochemical parameters for the assessment of adequacy of dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of intrauterine growth retardation in twins using individualized growth assessment. II. Evaluation of third-trimester growth and prediction of growth outcome at birth.

Second- and third-trimester growth in 34 twin fetuses was evaluated with ultrasonography by measurement of five anatomic parameters. Rossavik growth models, derived from second-trimester measurements, were used to specify expected third-trimester growth curves. Actual measurements were compared to predicted measurements by calculation of the percent deviations. Growth outcome at birth [normal, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)] was determined from Neonatal Growth Assessment Scores. Growth in the second trimester was similar in normal and IUGR twins. In the third trimester, abnormal negative deviations were larger and more numerous in IUGR twins. However, there was considerable individual variability and normal twins also had abnormal negative deviations. In IUGR twins, the first appearance of an abnormal negative deviation was quite variable (range: 28.6 weeks to 35.1 weeks), as was the parameter to show such a deviation. Prediction of neonatal outcome was poor using individual anatomic parameters but improved considerably with use of all five parameters. However, some fetuses were misclassified when only the number of abnormal negative deviations was used. The Prenatal Growth Assessment Score (PGAS), determined by both the number and magnitude of abnormal negative deviations, predicted neonatal outcomes with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. On average, PGAS values were abnormal 5 weeks before delivery. These results indicate that normal and IUGR twins can be separated, using third-trimester growth patterns, if multiple parameter Individualized Fetal Growth Assessment is employed.

Diseases in Twins↗
PubMed1992

Placebo-controlled study of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with 2-year follow-up.

This randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-a-day terazosin (10 mg/d) in ambulatory patients (n = 57) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). After a 4-week placebo lead-in and a 24-week treatment period with terazosin (with both phases being single-blind), 30 patients who responded to terazosin were randomly assigned to either the terazosin or placebo treatment group for 12 weeks. During the single-blind treatment period, the peak urine flow rate increased 54% from a baseline average of 7.76 ml/s to 11.92 ml/s after terazosin administration; the mean flow rate increased 55% from a baseline of 4.90 ml/s to 7.59 ml/s; and the residual volume decreased 56% from 93.1 ml to 40.7 ml. The mean obstructive symptom score, irritative symptom score and physician global assessment score improved by 68%, 34% and 27%, respectively. All these changes were significant when compared with baseline values. During the double-blind period, the improvement in all the variables was sustained in the terazosin group but not in the placebo group. Peak and mean urinary flow rates, and physician assessment showed significant differences at the end of the double-blind period. Adverse events occurred only during the single-blind period. The most frequently experienced events were headache (n = 6), asthenia (n = 3) and hypotension (n = 3). A follow-up study that initially included 12 patients showed no significant loss of improvement in symptoms and no change in urodynamic parameters with the 5 mg terazosin dose at 1 year. At 2 years, the 9 remaining patients showed sustained improvement and no signs of tachyphylaxis.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy of once-a-day terazosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-a-day terazosin (10 mg/day) in ambulatory patients (n = 57) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). After a 4-week placebo lead-in and a 24-week treatment period with terazosin (both single-blind), 30 patients who responded to terazosin were randomly assigned to either the terazosin or placebo treatment group for 12 weeks. During the single-blind treatment period, the peak urine flow rate increased 54% from a baseline average of 7.76 ml/sec to 11.92 ml/sec after terazosin; the mean flow rate increased 55% from a baseline of 4.90 ml/sec to 7.59 ml/sec; and the residual volume decreased 56% from 93.1 ml to 40.7 ml. The mean obstructive symptom score, irritative symptom score and physician's global assessment score improved by 68%, 34% and 27%, respectively. All these changes were significant (P less than 0.05) when compared to baseline values. During the double-blind period, the improvement in all the variables was sustained in the terazosin group but not in the placebo group. Peak and mean urinary flow rates, and physician's global assessment showed significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) differences at the end of the double-blind period. Adverse events occurred only during the single-blind period. The most frequent were headache (n = 6), asthenia (n = 3), and hypotension (n = 3). In summary, terazosin administered once-a-day improved the obstructive and irritative symptoms of BPH, urine flow rates and residual volume. Terazosin was well tolerated.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed2026

From genes to trajectories: mapping genetic influences on Huntington's disease progression.

MOTIVATION: There are many diseases with established genetic factors, such as Huntington's disease (HD), that are characterized by variable rates of progression. However, beyond the contribution of the known genetic factors - in this case the Huntingtin (HTT) gene - the impact of the full human genome on the natural progression of such diseases throughout a patient's life remains largely unknown. The increased availability of genome wide association (GWA) data in HD gene expansion carriers (HDGECs), combined with the clinical assessment scores on the same set of patients, has provided a perfect opportunity to assess the potentially broader genetic impact on the natural progression of HD. RESULTS: We present a genetics-driven, probabilistic disease progression model designed to identify and investigate the ways in which a range of genetic factors affect the natural progression of HD. When applied to a clinico-genomic HD dataset, our model identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with previously unreported effects on disease progression that act at distinct stages and with varying magnitudes. This discovery may shed light on the potential mechanistic impact of previously unidentified genes on HD that may have implications for clinical management. As increasing amounts of GWA data become available more generally, we anticipate that this modeling framework will be broadly applicable to other diseases with strong genetic components. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The source code for IHDPM is available at https://github.com/BiomedSciAI/IHDPM.

Huntington Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluating the independence of paraplegic patients at the end of the first rehabilitation--a multicenter project of computer-assisted quality control in rehabilitation].

Rehabilitation of patients who became handicapped due to illness or trauma is a difficult process, involving many therapeutic sections. The necessity to document the results of different rehabilitation programs led to the development of numerous scoring systems in the USA within the last 25 years, considering mainly functional results. The present functional assessment score (DMGP-Selbständigkeitserfassung für Tetraplegiker) for the documentation of self-sufficiency in tetraplegic patients after primary rehabilitation has been designed to record the quality of rehabilitation programs and has been exclusively designed for patients with quadriplegia, it there fore has the advantage of a better and more precise documentation over other general functional scoring systems, especially for the interests of different sections (occupational therapy, physiotherapy) being involved in this special rehabilitation program. The aim of the documentation is to record the degree of independence of tetraplegic patients after primary rehabilitation, considering the individual requirements of aids and the assumption of circumstances suitable for wheel-chairs. Since all data are collected on a computer-readable form each participating clinic has the opportunity for an individual analysis of the own results, as well as the opportunity of comparing it with the collective results.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

Surgical wound infection rates by wound class, operative procedure, and patient risk index. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System.

To perform a valid comparison of rates among surgeons, among hospitals, or across time, surgical wound infection (SWI) rates must account for the variation in patients' underlying severity of illness and other important risk factors. From January 1987 through December 1990, 44 National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System hospitals reported data collected under the detailed option of the surgical patient surveillance component protocol, which includes definitions of eligible patients, operations, and nosocomial infections. Pooled mean SWI rates (number of infections per 100 operations) within each of the categories of the traditional wound classification system were 2.1, 3.3, 6.4, and 7.1, respectively. A risk index was developed to predict a surgical patient's risk of acquiring an SWI. The risk index score, ranging from 0 to 3, is the number of risk factors present among the following: (1) a patient with an American Society of Anesthesiologists preoperative assessment score of 3, 4, or 5, (2) an operation classified as contaminated or dirty-infected, and (3) an operation lasting over T hours, where T depends upon the operative procedure being performed. The SWI rates for patients with scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 were 1.5, 2.9, 6.8, and 13.0, respectively. The risk index is a significantly better predictor of SWI risk than the traditional wound classification system and performs well across a broad range of operative procedures.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.↗
PubMed1992

Effect of reading a summary of research about biological bases of homosexual orientation on attitudes toward homosexuals.

The effect of exposure to information regarding the development of homosexual orientation on attitudes toward homosexuals was investigated. Testing was conducted in five regularly scheduled undergraduate classes. 105 volunteer subjects from college classes were exposed to one of three treatment conditions. Subjects in the experimental group read a summary article of current research emphasizing a biological component of homosexual orientation. Subjects in one control group read a summary article of research focusing on the absence of hormonal differences between homosexual and heterosexual men. Subjects in another control group were not exposed to either article. All subjects completed the Index of Attitudes Toward Homosexuals. As predicted, subjects in the experimental group had significantly lower scores than subjects in the control groups. There was a significant interaction between treatment condition and sex of subject. Scores on the index were significantly lower for women, but only in the experimental group. These results show that exposure to a research summary can significantly affect immediately assessed scores on the Index of Attitudes Toward Homosexuals. Also, the pattern of effects of these experiences was different for women and men.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A point-scale assessment of the pathological changes in acute complicated cholecystitis].

The use of a present-day method of statistical investigation allowed to present the variety of pathological changes in acute cholecystitis in a parametric form, i.e. as a scale of scores. The scale allows determination of comparative severity of one or another changes characteristic of acute cholecystitis in the concrete patient. The correlation analysis as well as scores assessment show a substantial importance of the functional ability of detoxicating mechanisms for the characteristic of the degree of pathological changes.

Acute Disease↗