PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Asymptomatic Diseases”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Machine learning for population-level risk prediction of future cholangiocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The poor prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is largely driven by rapid, asymptomatic disease progression, which usually results in a late diagnosis in the absence of established screening strategies. An early, cost-effective, and universally applicable risk assessment strategy would therefore be valuable. METHODS: We developed machine learning (ML) models on prospective, multimodal data from 487,495 UK Biobank (UKB) participants, of whom 649 developed CCA during follow-up. Data from England (80%) were utilised for ML development via five-fold cross-validation, and then all models were tested on withheld data from Scotland, Wales, and Newcastle (20%). Iterative ablation studies reduced inputs from >150 features across demographic data, lifestyle, health records, blood parameters, genomics, and metabolomics to models built on five and ten routinely available clinical parameters. These were externally validated in the Penn Medicine Biobank (PMBB; n = 2638; 28 CCA), All of Us Research Program (AOU; n = 330,433; 362 CCA), Japan Medical Data Centre Claims Database (JMDC; n = 8,425,522; 723 CCA) and TriNetX (n = 728,886; 1592 CCA). FINDINGS: We show that ML models integrating biliary-disease associated health records and Gamma glutamyltransferase can stratify risk of future CCA. Evaluation on the UKB test set as well as three independent cohorts revealed robust performance and generalisability across ethnicities. We achieved AUROCs of 0.71 [95% CI: 0.703-0.711], 0.77 [95% CI: 0.764-0.778 ], 0.796 [95% CI: 0.795-0.798] and 0.8 [95% CI: 0.794-0.805] for UKB, PMBB, AOU, and JMDC respectively, with respective AUPRCs of 0.014 [95% CI: 0.009-0.018], 0.042 [95% CI: 0.037-0.048], 0.038 [95% CI: 0.033-0.042] and 0.001 [95% CI: 0.001-0.001]. In AOU, application of the Youden J-optimised threshold yielded a number needed to screen of 79. Separate models for intra- and extrahepatic CCA did not improve performance. In line with the pathophysiology, performance declined for longer intervals between assessment and event. A group-level analysis in the TriNetX cohort revealed hazard ratios of up to 82.5 [95% CI: 26.4-257.96]. We provide extensive interpretability results and release all source codes used to develop the presented models. INTERPRETATION: We provide a comprehensive framework for early CCA risk stratification in the general population, identifying key predictors, and demonstrating the potential of data-driven models in personalised screening for hepatobiliary cancer. FUNDING: German Cancer Aid (grant #70115730), Junior Principal Investigator Fellowship programme of RWTH Aachen Excellence strategy.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Sulphasalazine in asymptomatic Crohn's disease. A multicentre trial.

During a six year period 43 patients with Crohns disease were included in a double-blind controlled trial of sulphasalazine given for one year as a possible treatment for reducing the relapse rate after resection or in asymptomatic patients with established disease. No trend in favour of sulphasalazine over the control group was observed. The difficulties of such a trial due to the small number of patients entered from nine hospitals, the varied nature of the disease, and the high incidence of complications, such as intraperitoneal abscess formation, are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Asymptomatic coronary artery disease and coronary bypass surgery.

The actuarial survival curves of "medically treated" patients whose arteriographic studies demonstrated coronary arterial lesions of various degrees-- now used widt applicable to the asymptomatic patient. No information is available regarding the course or prognosis of the asymptomatic patient with demonstrated lesions in the coronary arteries. For the reasons explained one can propose a hypothesis that the overall prognosis of this type of patient is better than average, probably better than that shown in the best data collected on symptomatic patients. The prophylactic value of aortocoronary bypass operations in preventing myocardial infarction and death has not been established. One can therefore question the justification for the wide case-finding effort of subjecting asymptomatic persons to coronary arteriography, even in light of the low risk of this procedure, unless unusual findings suggest an especially poor prognosis (one example might be past myocardial infarction in a very young patient). Although there are exceptional instances when prophylactic surgery is indicated for asymptomatic patients, further investigation of this subject is needed before the procedure becomes generally accepted.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1979

Gc globulin and prealbumin serum levels in patients with cancer and benign inflammatory diseases and in asymptomatic smokers.

Gc globulin and prealbumin serum levels were determined in a coded serum panel from the National Cancer Institute-Mayo Clinic. Serum samples came from 100 patients with cancer (lung, prostate gland, or gastrointestinal tract), from 50 patients with benign inflammatory diseases from the same organs as those of the cancer patients, and from 50 clinically healthy smokers. No differences were observed among groups in the Gc globulin (vitamin D carrier) serum concentrations; however, prealbumin (vitamin A carrier) serum levels were decreased for patients with benign inflammatory diseases and for cancer patients; the cancer group showed the greatest decrease.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1978

Asymptomatic structural liver disease in hemophilia.

In a study of persistent abnormalities of liver-function tests in hemophilic patients deficient in factor VIII or IX and treated with factor VIII or IX concentrates, we examined 14 liver biopsies from 13 anti-HBs-positive patients. None had any symptoms of liver disease. All had chronically abnormal levels of alanine aminotransferase. Histologic studies showed chronic persistent hepatitis in eight patients, chronic active hepatitis in four and fatty infiltration with portal fibrosis in one. Indirect immunofluorescence of antiserums containing anti-HBs or anti-HBc (or both) revealed nuclear and cytoplasmic fluorescence in the hepatocytes of eight of 12 patients. Specificity testing of these antiserums confirmed that hepatitis B viral markers are present in the hepatocytes of these anti-HBs-positive patients. These histologic derangements are probably related to frequent treatment with blood products obtained from multiple donors and to the persistance of hepatitis B virus in hepatocytes despite the presence of circulating anti-HBs.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

Asymptomatic coronary artery disease: angiography in diabetic patients before renal transplantation. Relation of findings to postoperative survival.

Twenty-one juvenile-onset diabetic patients with azotemic nephropathy underwent coronary angiography and left ventriculography before renal transplantation or chronic hemodialysis. Two-year survival of 12 patients with no coronary artery disease (group A) was 88% compared to 22% for nine patients with coronary artery disease (group B) (P less than 0.025). Each group A patient underwent renal transplantation (nine live-related, three cadaveric). Four group B patients received cadaveric allografts. Among group A patients two cadaveric allografts functioned while in group B patients no allografts were successful. In the absence of coronary artery disease, results were similar to those reported for nondiabetic persons. In the presence of coronary artery disease, 62% of the deaths were due to myocardial infarction or sudden death. These results indicate that atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is a major determinant of survival in diabetic patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis or renal transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liver dysfunction in patients with hemophilia A, B, and von Willebrand's disease.

Ninety-five patients with Hemophilia A, B and von Willebrand's disease followed over a three year period were evaluated for liver disease. Half of the patients were treated episodically and half received additional prophylactic treatment. Fifty-five per cent have significant transaminitis (elevated SGOT-SGPT), 42 per cent have biochemical evidence of chronic active liver disease and two per cent have subacute and active cirrhosis. There is an annual attack rate of Hepatitis B disease of 3.5 per cent and Hepatitis B antibody titres are present in 84 per cent. This asymptomatic liver disease requires close monitoring for clinical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Incidence and clinical significance of e antigen and antibody in acute and chronic liver disease.

"e" is a serum antigen associated with type-B hepatitis. It is found only in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive sera, but is antigenically distinct from HBsAg. e antigen was not detected in the serum of any of 99 cases of acute type-B hepatitis who recovered normally. Its antibody, anti-e, was found in 14 (14%). The antibody usually appeared before clearance of HBsAg and before appearance of HBsAb. Serum e was not detected in any of 29 symptom-free carriers of HBsAg, but 21 (73%) showed anti-e. Serum e was found in chronic active hepatitis (44%) and chronic persistent hepatitis (31%). The antibody, however, was detected in only 2 of 79 patients with chronic active hepatitis but in 7 (44%) of chronic persistent hepatitis. Serum e was not found in 5 patients with primary liver-cell carcinoma or 5 with inactive HBsAg-positive cirrhosis. The antibody was, however, found in all 5 of those with inactive cirrhosis and in 4 of the 5 with primary cancer. These results suggest that the presence of e antigen is associated with active and usually continuing liver disease. Anti-e, however, is associated with inactive liver disease and asymptomatic carriage of HBsAg, and its presence must be regarded as a valuable sign in predicting those who will escape progressive chronic liver disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

An improved technic for examining urinary casts and a review of their significance.

Casts represent an important, diagnostic component of urinary sediment, and may signal renal parenchymal disease in asymptomatic individuals. Accurate, precise identification of certain casts may be difficult due to poor visualization by current technics. Casts from freshly voided urine specimens, cytocentrifuged and stained by the Papanicolaou method, can be visualized optimally from permanent slide preparations. The genesis of these casts and their diagnostic potential related to renal disease and acute renal allograft rejection are discussed.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed2025

Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Association Involving the HLA-B*15 Allele Group in Brazilian Individuals.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of HLA-A, -B and -C polymorphisms on the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and on the progression of COVID-19 in a population from southeastern Brazil. This study included 478 unvaccinated individuals. Of these, 369 were hospitalised with critical/severe (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;309) or moderate/mild (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;60) symptoms, and 109 were asymptomatic. The control group consisted of 150 volunteer bone marrow donors, recruited in the pre-pandemic period. The HLA-B*15 allele group (adjusted p value&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) was associated with a protective factor against symptomatic infection. Investigating the effects of the distribution of HLA alleles on susceptibility and resistance to SARS-CoV-2 may provide a better understanding of the clinical course of infection in different geographical regions.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Maximal exercise stress testing in normal and hyperlipidemic children.

Electrocardiographic and cardiovascular responses during maximal exercise were evaluated in 103 normal children and in 82 children with familial hyperlipoproteinemia. The normal and hyperlipidemic children were comparable in regards to age, weight--height index, resting and exercise blood pressures, and maximal working capacity indices. The cohort of 82 hyperlipidemic children included 61 children (29 boys and 32 girls) with well defined "monogenic" familial hyperlipoproteinemia. Segmental ST depression on the exercise electrocardiogram occurred in 8 of these 29 boys (27.6%) as compared to 4 of 55 normal boys (7.3%), P less than 0.025 and in 6 of the 32 girls (19%) as compared to 7 of 48 normal girls (14.6%), P greater than 0.1. Segmental ST depression was present in 14 of 61 (23%) children with "monogenic" hyperlipoproteinemia, as compared to 11 of 103 (10.75%) normal (x2 = 4.47, P less than 0.05). An assessment of the clinical significance of an abnormal exercise electrocardiogram in male children with "monogenic" hyperlipoproteinemia must await the following: (1) two to four decades of observation and study of the development of morbid or mortal coronary disease, or (2) the future development of improved invasive or noninvasive techniques for the early detection of covert coronary occlusive disease. Currently, maximal exercise electrocardiography cannot be contemplated as a useful indicator of eventual premature coronary artery disease in asymptomatic hyperlipidemic children.

Adolescent↗