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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Participation of the antibiotics of Bac. pumilus and Bac. subtilis in the regulation of bacterial spore formation].

Sporulation and antibiotic production, as well as the effect of exogenic antibacterial substances on bacterial sporogenesis were studied in various strains of Bac. pumilus and Bac. pumilus and Bac. subtilis. The bacteria were grown on a solid sporulation medium with and without the antibiotics. After 5-day incubation the presence of refractyl spores was determined with a phase-contrast method. It was found that in the strains of Bac. pumilus producing antibacterial substances the sporulation was normal. The loss of the capacity for synthesizing such substances resulted in asporegenicity or oligosporogenicity. This allowed a conclusion on existence of phenomenological connection between sporulation and antibiotic production. The study of the antibiotic effect on bacterial sporogenesis showed negative results which are discussed in the paper along two directions: (1) the antibiotics did not probably participate in regulation of the bacteria cell differentiation, (2) the antibiotics regulated the bacterial sporogenesis though their effect was not as yet detected because of methodical difficulties. Therefore, the problem of the antibiotic participation in regulation of sporulation in Bac. pumilus and Bac. subtilis remains open.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1975

[Ultrastructure of Bac. anthracis and Bac. cereus].

A study was made of the ultrastructure of Bac. anthracis and Bac. cereus (strains 1835 and 205). There were established definite morphological differences between the bacilli under study. The cell wall was much thicker in the causative agent of anthrax, it was permeated by tubules; the surface of the wall was covered by a thick layer of osmiophilic material. The spore membrane of Bac. anthracis was multistratal in character; osmiophilic filaments were seen on the surface of exosporium. Fungoid processes from the cell wall were present in Bac. cereus (strain No. 205); intraplasmic membrane structures were considerably developed; a crystal located on the contralateral end of the cell was formed with the spore, both processes coinciding in time.

Bacillus anthracis↗
PubMed2005

Construction of a 2-Mb resolution BAC microarray for CGH analysis of canine tumors.

Recognition of the domestic dog as a model for the comparative study of human genetic traits has led to major advances in canine genomics. The pathophysiological similarities shared between many human and dog diseases extend to a range of cancers. Human tumors frequently display recurrent chromosome aberrations, many of which are hallmarks of particular tumor subtypes. Using a range of molecular cytogenetic techniques we have generated evidence indicating that this is also true of canine tumors. Detailed knowledge of these genomic abnormalities has the potential to aid diagnosis, prognosis, and the selection of appropriate therapy in both species. We recently improved the efficiency and resolution of canine cancer cytogenetics studies by developing a small-scale genomic microarray comprising a panel of canine BAC clones representing subgenomic regions of particular interest. We have now extended these studies to generate a comprehensive canine comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) array that comprises 1158 canine BAC clones ordered throughout the genome with an average interval of 2 Mb. Most of the clones (84.3%) have been assigned to a precise cytogenetic location by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and 98.5% are also directly anchored within the current canine genome assembly, permitting direct translation from cytogenetic aberration to DNA sequence. We are now using this resource routinely for high-throughput array CGH and single-locus probe analysis of a range of canine cancers. Here we provide examples of the varied applications of this resource to tumor cytogenetics, in combination with other molecular cytogenetic techniques.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Protein composition of crystals (delta-endotoxin) of different serotypes of Bac. thuringiensis].

The crystals of entomopathogenic protein from Bac. thuringiensis contain admixtures of proteinases adhering to their surfaces. A newly developed technique of protease inactivation allowed to estimate the true protein composition of the crystals of various strains of Bac. thuringiensis. It was shown that the crystals of all strains (with the exception of V and VIII) are composed of only one protein with molecular weights of 145,000, 135,000 and 130,000, depending on the strain. The crystals of serotype VIII and the majority of the V serotype strains have two proteins with molecular weights of 135,000 and 130,000. A method for estimation of the protein composition of crystal without their preliminary isolation from a crystal--spore mixture is proposed.

Bacillus thuringiensis↗
PubMed2003

1-Mb resolution array-based comparative genomic hybridization using a BAC clone set optimized for cancer gene analysis.

Array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a recently developed tool for genome-wide determination of DNA copy number alterations. This technology has tremendous potential for disease-gene discovery in cancer and developmental disorders as well as numerous other applications. However, widespread utilization of a CGH has been limited by the lack of well characterized, high-resolution clone sets optimized for consistent performance in aCGH assays and specifically designed analytic software. We have assembled a set of approximately 4100 publicly available human bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones evenly spaced at approximately 1-Mb resolution across the genome, which includes direct coverage of approximately 400 known cancer genes. This aCGH-optimized clone set was compiled from five existing sets, experimentally refined, and supplemented for higher resolution and enhancing mapping capabilities. This clone set is associated with a public online resource containing detailed clone mapping data, protocols for the construction and use of arrays, and a suite of analytical software tools designed specifically for aCGH analysis. These resources should greatly facilitate the use of aCGH in gene discovery.

Cell Line, Tumor↗
PubMed1979

[Subtilisin 72: a serine protease from Bac. subtilis strain 72 - an enzyme similar to subtilisin Carlsberg].

Subtilisin 72, a serine proteinase secreted by Bac. subtilis strain 72 was purified by covalent chromatography on Sepharose sorbent containing p-(omega-aminomethyl)phenylboronic acid as a ligand. The homogeneity of subtilisin 72 was confirmed by isoelectrofocusing in a thin layer of polyacrylamide gel (pl 8.6). The amino acid composition of this enzyme is different from that of other subtilisins, e. g. subtilisin Carlsberg. The N = terminal amino acid sequence of subtilisin 72 traced up to the 35th residue turned to be the same as that of subtilisin Carlsberg with the exception of the 21st (Tyr) and the 30th (Ile) residues. This very pronounced extent of homology shows that subtilisin 72 is very similar although not identical to subtilisin Carlsberg.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1976

[Serine proteases from Bac. subtilis].

Using biospecific adsorbent and subsequent gel-filtration of Sephadex G-75 three fractions of serine proteases (I--III) having different physicochemical properties were isolated from Bac. subtilis. The first protease had molecular weight of 23000--24000 (pH optimum 6,5, activation energy 16,6 ccal/mol. The second one had molecular weight of 29000, pH optimum 11,0, activation energy 14,4 ccal/mol. The third protease was a mixture of proteases with average molecular weights 26000 and pH optima at 7,0, 8,5 and 11,0.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of different salts and their concentration on polymyxin M biosynthesis by Bac. polymyxa Ross].

The effect of various concentrations of ammonium sulfate, sodium and potassium chlorides and sulfates on biosynthesis of polymyxin M by Bac. polymyxa Ross. on media containing wheet meal as the carbon source was studied. The culture growth, antibiotic accumulation and consumption of the main nutrients was studied as dependent on the level of the salts in the medium. The highest productivity was observed on media with the salt concentrations amounting to 1--2 per cent except sodium sulfate: changes in the concentration of the latter had practically no effect on the activity of the fermentation broth.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1977

[Clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of group illness caused by Bac. cereus food poisoning].

The authors describe an outbreak of food poisoning caused by Bac. cereus embracing 80% of persons who catered at the same catering establishment. The poisoning occurred in the course of 15 hours after the moment of eating a sauce stored in warm place. In the majority of cases the course of the disease was mild; 77.8% of the patients displayed phenomena of enteritis, 20.2%--of entercolitis, and 2.0%--of gastroenterocolitis. All the patients recovered without any treatment in the course of 1--2 days.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[On the utilization different organic and anorganic compounds by some strains of Bac. cereus var. mycoides (Flügge) (author's transl)].

In order to investigate the decomposition of 46 organic and anorganic compounds by Bac. mycoides, the behaviour of four strains was tested by means of plate counting technique (after Koch) and the Warburg method. Mostly intensive substances containing protein were decomposed by all strains. Furthermore amino acid, sugar, alcohols, and ammonium salts are used by the bacteria, but there were large differences between strains tested. Urea and nitrates have not been decomposed.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

[Proteolytic enzymes bound to Bac. thuringiensis crystals].

It was demonstrated that crystals of entomopathogenic protein from Bac. thuringiensis contain admixture of proteinase either adhered to their surface on inconponated into crystal lattice defects. A proteolytic action, particularly when enhanced by crystal dissolution, causes progressive degradation of crystal proteins with molecular weights of 140 000--129 000 down to the components with smaller molecular weights. This may, at least, partially account for the contradictions in the literature data on crystal composition. Using synthetic peptide substrates and specific inhibitors, it was shown that the enzymes incorporated into crystals belong to serine and metalloproteases. The presence of leucine aminopeptidase was also noted. A method for enzyme separation from crystal has been developed.

Bacillus thuringiensis↗
PubMed1976

[Normal status of Bac. cereus and Cl. perfringens in the body of healthy slaughter animals].

Studied were cattle, pigs, sheep, and young calves intended for slaughter. The experiments were carried out under productional conditions, strictly observing the routinely adopted practice of preslaughter handling. The blood of the animals was sampled prior to slaughter. Samples from the meat (musculature), spleen, kidneys, liver, mesenterial and body lymph nodes as well as feces were taken immediately after slaughter. It was established that Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens were almost lacking in the musculature, mesenterial and body lymph nodes and in some of the parenchymal organs. These organisms were chiefly found in the intestinal tract. Eighty-three up to 100 per cent of the isolated cultures of Cl. perfringens and from 62.5 up to 100 per cent of the isolated cultures of Bac. cereus originated from the feces.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Viability of a Bac. licheniformis 749/c culture and its formation of penicillinase during storage in the lyophilized state].

The amount of the enzyme produced and the colony morphology of Bac. licheniformis 749/C, the penicillinase-producing organism were studied after storage for 3 years in ampoules at a temperature of 4--10 degrees C, in lyophilized form in sodium glutamate, polyvinylpirrolidone, their mixture and horse serum. The highest rate of the culture growth was observed after storage in lyophlized form in sodium glutamate, though the culture was vialable in all other protective media. Two culture types approximately in an equal ratio were observed in the population platings of the culture lyophilized in various protective media.

Bacillus↗