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Results for “BONE MARROW CELLS”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

Studies of marrow progenitor abnormalities in lupus-prone mice. II. Further studies of NZB Thy 1(neg)Lin(neg) bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow cells from NZB mice were fractionated and enriched in cells lacking surface markers characteristic of mature lineages, termed Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) cells. These cells represent approximately 1% of all marrow cells and constitute a much greater fraction of the bone marrow than do Thy 1lo Lineage(neg) cells. The NZB Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) cells were able to protect nonautoimmune, histocompatible DBA/2 recipients from lethal doses of irradiation, suggesting that this subpopulation contained progenitor cells. Consistent with this observation, fractioned Lip 6+ Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) cells, representing early B lineage cells, were less effective than Lip 6neg Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) cells in radioprotection. NZB marrow contains a great many more CFU-S than does marrow from nonautoimmune strains. DBA/2 mice transplanted with Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) cells from NZB marrow had substantial numbers of CFU-S, much greater than controls. This CFU-S potential was found primarily in the Lip 6neg Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) fractionated marrow, suggesting that that population contained early progenitor cells that had not yet differentiated into B lineage cells. Both radioprotection and increased CFU-S were transmitted serially by bone marrow from DBA/2 recipients of Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) NZB marrow to secondary and tertiary (irradiated) DBA/2 recipients. Also serially transplanted were precursors of antibody forming cells. These findings suggest that NZB Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) marrow cells play a critical role in the development of the abnormal phenotype of NZB mice. However, because this probably is not a homogeneous population, additional work will be necessary to define the surface and molecular properties of the cell or cells within the NZB Thy 1neg Lineage(neg) marrow population which serve as progenitors of the cells which mediate NZB disease.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Functional study and detection of HLA-D products on fractionated human bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow cells from nine normal human volunteers obtained from the Iliac crest, were used in this work for antigen determination and functional studies. The bone marrow aspirated cells were sequentially separated: elimination of erythrocyte, granulocytes and monocytes achieved by Ficoll-Isopaque centrifugation followed by plastic adherence. Purified bone marrow cells were finally separated by size using velocity sedimentation. The slow sedimenting small cells were shown to be mainly T lymphocytes, probably of blood origin. The medium sized bone marrow cells were shown to contain myeloid precursors (CFu-c). Large immature cells were in cycle actively synthesizing DNA molecules. HLA-D and HLA-DR detections on the fractionated cells were performed using three techniques: fluorescence with specific anti HLA-DR allo and xeno antisera; primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) with anti HLA-DR monospecific in vitro primed lymphocytes and detection of the HLA-D stimulating product using the bone marrow fractionated cells as stimulators in a mixed leukocyte culture. Concordant results were obtained with the three techniques. Lymphocytes in the bone marrow express HLA-D products a peripheral lymphocytes. Bone marrow fractions depleted of lymphocytes and monocytes also contain approximately 20% of cells expressing HLA-D products The meaning of the expression of HLA-D products on immature precursors non-lymphoid cells is discussed.

Bone Marrow Cells↗

PubMed2004

Determinants of skeletal muscle contributions from circulating cells, bone marrow cells, and hematopoietic stem cells.

To investigate the factors that regulate incorporation into uninjured or damaged skeletal muscle of donor markers derived from unfractionated bone marrow (BM) cells or from highly purified c-kit+ Thy1.1lo Lin- Sca-1+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), we evaluated myofiber chimerism of multiple muscle groups in irradiated and transplanted recipient mice and in unirradiated parabiotic animals. Uninjured panniculus carnosus, diaphragm, and abdominal muscles infrequently incorporated donor markers into myofibers in a subset of animals after either BM or HSC transplantation; however, acute muscle injury was essential to elicit contributions to triceps surae (TS) and tibialis anterior muscles. The low level of incorporation of donor marker-expressing myofibers could not be enhanced either by transplantation into newborn recipients or by induced migration of HSCs into the periphery. Analysis of muscle chimerism in unirradiated animals joined surgically by parabiosis revealed that contributions of circulating cells to myofibers in the TS were injury dependent and that at least some circulating cells with the potential to contribute to regenerating muscle derive from BM, suggesting that hematoablative preconditioning is not required for such contributions. In all cases tested, donor-derived myofibers expressed both donor-specific and host-specific markers, suggesting that they arise by low-level fusion into skeletal muscle of cells that can include the progeny of HSCs. It is not yet clear whether such events represent a normal myogenic pathway or a pathological response to muscle damage.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Remyelination of the spinal cord following intravenous delivery of bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow contains a population of pluripotent cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell lineages, including neural cells. When injected directly into the demyelinated spinal cord they can elicit remyelination. Recent work has shown that following systemic delivery of bone marrow cells functional improvement occurs in contusive spinal cord injury and stroke models in rat. We report here that secondary to intravenous introduction of an acutely isolated bone marrow cell fraction (mononuclear fraction) from adult rat femoral bones separated on a density gradient, ultrastructurally defined remyelination occurs throughout a focal demyelinated spinal cord lesion. The anatomical pattern of remyelination was characteristic of both oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell myelination; conduction velocity improved in the remyelinated axons. When the injected bone marrow cells were transfected to express LacZ, beta-galactosidase reaction product was observed in some myelin-forming cells in the spinal cord. Intravenous injection of other myelin-forming cells (Schwann cells and olfactory ensheathing cells) or the residual cell fraction of the gradient did not result in remyelination, suggesting that remyelination was specific to the delivery of the mononuclear fraction. While the precise mechanism of the repair, myelination by the bone marrow cells or facilitation of an endogenous repair process, cannot be fully determined, the results demonstrate an unprecedented level of myelin repair by systemic delivery of the mononuclear cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

The effects of demineralized bone matrix and direct current on an "in vivo" culture of bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow cells (BMCs) from rabbit femora and tibiae were grown in diffusion chambers implanted in rabbit muscle. At 42 days 80% of the BMC chambers exhibited cartilage formation within them. Demineralized bone matrix added to the marrow cell suspension in the chamber accelerated the appearance and increased the number of chambers with cartilage. Mineralization of the cartilage also occurred earlier in the chambers with bone matrix. In a second experiment, a 5-microA direct current cathode in the bone marrow chamber increased the number of chambers containing cartilage from 50 to 80% at day 25. Mineralization also occurred earlier in the chambers with direct current.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Chromosome breaks and fragile sites in leukemic bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow cells from leukemic and nonleukemic patients were examined for chromosome breakage in cultures treated with fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR) and FUdR plus caffeine. The results indicate that the leukemic cells have more chromosome breakage than the nonleukemic cells when thymidylic synthetase is inhibited by FUdR. Addition of caffeine did not enhance this chromosome breakage. These findings of enhanced breakage by FUdR exposure in vitro, nevertheless, may suggest that leukemic cells in general are more susceptible to breakage than normal cells, thereby predisposing the former to secondary chromosome rearrangements.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

[In vitro manipulation of bone marrow cells for bone marrow transplantation].

Recently, in vitro manipulations of bone marrow cells have been developed for the prevention of relapse in autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and for the prevention of graft versus host disease in allogeneic BMT. Two methods were mainly employed clinically for the depletion of cells from transplanted bone marrow cells. Firstly, bone marrow cells were treated in vitro with monoclonal antibodies reactive to leukemia cells or T cells using complement, immunotoxin or magnetic bead. Secondly, bone marrow cells were incubated with cancer drugs such as 4-HC or mafosfamide. Our results and other reports using in vitro purging of leukemia or lymphoma cells suggest that these autologous BMTs are effective modes of cancer therapy in patients with hematological malignancies.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1979

Induction of erythropoietin responsiveness in vitro by a distinct population of bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow contains a small population of primitive erythroid progenitor cells which can be detected by their capacity to form large numbers of erythroid progeny in viscous cultures containing erythropoietin (EP). These cells have been termed erythroid 'burst-forming units' (BFUe). The present study demonstrates that expression of the erythroid differentiation potential of BFUe requires the presence of an activity additional to EP. This activity has been designated as BFA (burst feeder activity). It is shown that the number of BFUe detected and their apparent sensitivity to EP are directly related to the BFA concentration of the cultures. BFA was found to be associated with a population of bone marrow cells of high buoyant density and small volume, which are sensitive to irradiation. The radiation dose-effect curve provided strong evidence that bone marrow BFA is independent of cell proliferation; this was supported by showing that BFA is unaffected by in vivo treatment with hydroxyurea. The findings are compatible with a two-step regulation model for erythroid differentiation in which BFA-induced progeny of BFUe acquire sensitivity to EP.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Dilution techniques for optimum recovery of cryopreserved bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow granulocyte progenitor cells (CFU-C) were assayed in methyl-cellulose prior to cryopreservation in Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and after thawing and diluting the DMSO. The time of dilution from 10% to 1% DMSO and the temperature of the sample and diluting media were studied. Compared with samples diluted at 0 degrees-4 degrees C, samples which were diluted at 24 degrees C were more viable by Trypan Blue exclusion (p less than .01) and had greater CFU-C growth in vitro (p less than .01). There was no advantage to prolonging dilution time from 10 minutes at a constant rate to 40 minutes using stepwise technique. Recovery of CFU-C at 24 degrees C ranged from 40% to 114% with a mean +/- S.D. of 67% +/- 19.5%. There was evidence that clonogenic cells were selectively preserved under the conditions described.

Bone Marrow Cells↗

PubMed2001

[The revolution of stem cells: bone marrow cells, neural cells and muscle cells are intercovertible].

For many years, the fate of adult cells has been assumed to be limited to their tissues of origin. Upon development cells become increasingly specialized to carry out particular functions. Recently, numerous studies have shown that some stem cells possess greater plasticity than previously envisioned. Thus, a few donor bone-marrow cells when transfused into immunodeficient mice, were recovered as glial cells in the host brain, or as cells expressing neuronal antigens. Alternatively, neural stem cells could differentiate into myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages upon transplantation into the hematopoietic system of irradiated hosts.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Characterization of cytotoxic cells generated from in vitro cultures of murine bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow cells cultured for 5-6 days generate cytotoxic activity against a number of natural killer (NK)-susceptible tumor cells. In this study, these bone marrow cytotoxic cells were compared to cells with NK activity obtained either from spleen cells activated in vitro with interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) or mitogen or from peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) obtained 4 days after bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection. Splenic and PEC cytotoxic cells were shown to be Thy 1.2+, NK 1.1+, Asialo GM+1, Lyt 1.2-, Lyt 2.2-. In contrast, bone marrow cytotoxic cells were Thy 1.2+, NK 1.1-, Lyt 1.2-, Lyt 2.2- and expressed low levels of Asialo GM1 antigen (Asialo GM +/- 1). Precursor cells for bone marrow cytotoxic activity were shown to be Thy 1.2-, NK 1.1-, Lyt 1.2-, Lyt 2.2- but also expressed low levels of Asialo GM1 antigen (Asialo GM +/- 1). Cytotoxic activity for both bone marrow and spleen cells peaked in the low-density fractions of discontinuous Percoll density gradients. The cytotoxic activity of these bone marrow cells was augmented by pretreatment with IFN (-alpha/beta, -gamma) or soluble factors (IFN free) from activated EL-4 thymoma cells. Surprisingly, the ability of bone marrow cells to generate high levels of cytotoxic activity following in vitro culture appeared to be associated primarily with mice which were of the H-2b haplotype.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Simultaneous injection of bone marrow cells and stromal cells into bone marrow accelerates hematopoiesis in vivo.

We have previously demonstrated that stromal cells can support the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells in vitro and in vivo and that a major histocompatibility complex restriction exists between hematopoietic stem cells and stromal cells. We have also found that intra-bone marrow (IBM) injection of allogeneic bone marrow cells (BMCs) leads to more rapid reconstitution of hematopoietic cells than intravenous injection. In the present study, we examine the effect of simultaneous injection of stromal cells and BMCs into the same bone marrow on the recovery of donor hematopoietic cells and demonstrate that simultaneous IBM injection of BMCs plus stromal cells is more effective in reconstituting recipients with donor hematopoietic cells than intravenous injection of BMCs plus stromal cells or IBM injection of BMCs alone.

Bone Marrow Cells↗

PubMed1981

Antibody forming cells in long-term culture of rabbit bone marrow cells.

Bone marrow cells from 4 LPS-immunized rabbits were cultured in liquid media for 10 weeks and anti-LPS direct plaque-forming cells were enumerated periodically. Plaque-forming cells decreased for the first 2-4 weeks then increased without addition of LPS. This increase in the number of plaque-forming cells might be ascribed to the differentiation of committed precursors and/or the proliferation of plaque-forming cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1984

Regulation of constitutive bone marrow cell proliferation by bone marrow suppressor cells.

Bone marrow (BM) cells have previously been shown to suppress specific immune responses of cells from peripheral lymphoid organs. The present report describes a suppressor cell present in normal rabbit BM, which regulated the constitutive proliferation of other BM cells. The suppressor cells were Fc gamma-receptor-positive (Fc gamma R+) complement-receptor-negative, and nonadherent or weakly adherent. Similar suppressive activity was not detected among rabbit spleen cells. Removal of Fc gamma R+ suppressor cells allowed greater than 10-fold increases in the proliferation of Fc gamma R- BM cells. Addition of Fc gamma R+ BM cells to Fc gamma R- cells efficiently blocked proliferation. The suppressor cells acted by inhibiting the elaboration of a soluble growth-promoting factor by cells in the Fc gamma R- population. The growth-promoting factor enhanced proliferation of unseparated rabbit BM cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Reactivity of the workshop monoclonal antibodies with ovine bone marrow cells and bone marrow-derived monocyte/macrophage and mast cell lines.

The workshop monoclonal antibodies were tested by flow cytometry for reactivity against: (1) ovine bone marrow cells, (2) cultured bone marrow-derived monocyte/macrophage cell lines and (3) cultured bone marrow-derived mast cell lines. Both single and two-colour immunofluorescence tests were performed. The results of these analyses are presented and discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Bone Marrow Cells Activated by Autologous Dendritic Cells Purges Bone Marrow from Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia]

In order to investigate the effect of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) activating bone marrow cells and purging bone marrow from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients, DCs were separated by negative selection system of human cells from bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) of 2 CML patients in hematological remission and harvested after 3 days of culture in IMDM containing autologous plasma, rhGM-CSF and rhTNFalpha at 37 degrees C, 5% CO(2) humidified atmosphere. BMMNCs from the patients were also used to set up long-term culture (LTC) system in T-25 plastic flasks. The LTCs included three groups, i.e., control, addition of rhIL-2, and co-culture with autologous DCs. Half of non-adherent cells were collected, counted and assayed for CFU-GM weekly. Then, equivalent volume of fresh medium was replaced to maintain the culture. The culture was discontinued if the non-adherent cells count was less than 2 x 10(5). Adherent cells were collected for CFU-GM assay and flow cytometry for CD34 and P210. The colonies originating from the adherent cells were picked up under the inverted microscope. RNA was extracted, and BCR/ABL measured by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that the CFU-GM yields of non-adherent cells declined after 1 to 2 weeks co-cultured with autologous DCs, and it paralleled with group with rhIL-2. P210(+) cell percentage was also decreased. From the third week on, however, the decrease of CFU-GM yields slowed down, while CFU-GM in the system with rhIL-2 continued to fall. In system co-cultured with autologous DCs, the adherent cells contained the least percentagcs of CD34(+) cells and P210(+) cells percentage. However, the expression of BCR/ABL in CFU-GM colonies derieved from the adherent cells of DCs co-cultured had no significant difference with those from the culture without DCs. Our results suggest that co-culture of marrow cells with autologous DCs could significantly diminish the leukemic progenitors cells including both mature and primitive progenitor cells. Autologous dendritic cells might be used for ex vivo purging of CML marrow.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1986

Chromosome aberrations in rat liver cells and bone marrow cells following treatment in vivo with mitomycin C.

The clastogenic potential of mitomycin C (MMC) was studied in rat liver cells and bone marrow cells. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were partially hepatectomized and treated with a single i.p. dose of MMC (3.5 mg/kg body weight) 7 or 24 h after the operation. Non-hepatectomized rats were also treated with the same dose of MMC 7 or 24 h after the mutagenic treatment; liver and bone marrow cells were isolated from hepatectomized rats (31 h after the operation) and bone marrow cells only from non-hepatectomized animals. The results show that, if MMC was administered 7 h before the isolation of cells, the induction was more efficient in liver cells than in bone marrow cells. At this sampling time, there was no consistent difference between the frequencies observed in bone marrow cells from hepatectomized and non-hepatectomized rats. An increase was observed in both tissues 24 h after the mutagenic treatment. At this sampling time, the effect was significantly higher in the bone marrow cells from non-hepatectomized animals than in the liver cells and bone marrow cells from hepatectomized animals. No significant difference between the two cell types from hepatectomized rats was observed. Different factors related to the cytostatic properties of MMC and/or to cell kinetics in the two cell types, probably affected by the surgical operation, may account for the differences in the yield of chromosomal damage.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of salidroside on bone marrow cell cycle and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in bone marrow cells of bone marrow depressed anemia mice].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of salidroside on bone marrow cell cycle and expression of apoptosis-related proteins in bone marrow cells (BMCs) of bone marrow depressed anemia mice, and to explore its mechanism for hematopoietic regulation. METHODS: The effect of salidroside on peripheral blood cells, BMCs, and bone marrow cell cycle in bone marrow depressed anemia mice was detected by automatic blood cell analysator, white blood count and flow cytometry (FCM)respectively,and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax of BMCs was detected by immunohistochemistry method simultaneously. RESULTS: It was found that low-dose and high-dose salidroside obviously elevated white blood cells and BMCs, that low-dose salidroside significantly increased platelets and promoted G0/G1-S phase and S-G2/M phase transition of BMCs, that high-dose salidroside markedly promoted S-G2/M phase transition of BMCs, and that both low-dose and high-dose salidroside obviously elevated the proliferation index and the ratio of G2/M phase cells. Additionally, the expression of Bcl-2 in BMCs was increased in low-dose and high-dose salidroside groups, especially the increase was significant in the low-dose salidroside group; moreover, the expression of Bax in BMCs was reduced significantly in both low-dose and high-dose salidroside groups. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that salidroside may promote the recovery of hematopoietic function of the bone marrow depressed anemia in mice by ending off G0/G1-phase arrest, accelerating G0/G1-S phase and S-G2/M phase transition, up-regulating Bcl-2 expression, down-regulating Bax expression, and inhibiting BMCs apoptosis.

Anemia, Aplastic↗