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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Back pain and isometric back muscle strength of workers in a Danish factory.

105 factory workers (38 females and 67 males) have been questioned about their frequency of back pain. 60% of the females and 61% of the males have previously experienced episodes of back pain. 21% of the females and 37% of the males have been absent from work due to back pain. The incidence of back pain is not related to age, height, sort of work, or isometric muscle strength of the back (IS). For the males the incidence rises with increasing weight, i.e. combination of height and obesity, but is not related to any two single factors. For the females there is no correlation between the incidence of pain and weight. IS is correlated to height and age in the males but not in the females. Standards for IS are presented and suggested as a guide to evaluation of the working capabilities of individual subjects with back pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Classification of nonspecific low back pain. I. Psychological involvement in low back pain. A clinical, descriptive approach.

An unselected sample of outpatient subjects (n = 330) with localized nonspecific low back pain (LBP) was studied. Investigation consisted of clinical assessment, physical examination, and psychiatric interview based on the DSM-III classification. A psychiatric disorder, according to the DSM-III criteria (axis I) was found in 41% of the subjects. Multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis were used to objectively identify clinical subtypes without preconceived theoretical models. Correspondence analyses suggested the existence of a 'psychological pain' syndrome consisting of several of the following symptoms: diffuse back pain, impossibility to assess intensity of pain on a pain scale, aggravation of pain by changing climate, by domestic activities or by psychological factors and dysesthesias in the back. Cluster analysis provided support for a four-group classification of low back pain, which may be interpreted through the relationships between psychological disturbances and the LBP clinical features. The results call for further investigation of the complex relationship between psychological disturbances and back pain. However, clinicians must be aware of the interest of a minimal psychiatric assessment in low back pain patients: psychiatric disorders frequently appear in these patients and an appropriate treatment of the psychiatric syndrome may reduce back pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Interexaminer reliability and discriminant validity of inclinometric measurement of lumbar rotation in chronic low-back pain patients and subjects without low-back pain.

The interexaminer reliability of an inclinometer procedure to measure lumbar rotation was evaluated by two chiropractic clinicians who examined 25 chronic (greater than 6 months) low-back pain patients and 25 subjects without low-back pain. These groups were compared for differences in mean left, right, and total rotation. Patients who had lumbar spinal surgery were excluded. Twenty-eight men and 22 women, ranging in age from 28-38 years, were evaluated. Reliability between examiners was evaluated by Pearson's correlation coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. All coefficients were significant (P less than 0.01). Errors in prediction and examiner disagreement were evaluated by the standard error of estimate and the interexaminer measurement error. The standard errors of estimate (range: 1.4-4.4) and the interexaminer measurement errors (range: 3.8-10.4) were large compared to the scale of measurement. An analysis of variance of differences between the chronic low-back pain patients and asymptomatics revealed significantly more left rotation in the asymptomatic subjects (F = 8.4; df = 1; P less than 0.006). Also, there was significantly more total rotation in the asymptomatic subjects (F = 4.143; df = 1; P less than 0.048). However, because of the large error attributed to this procedure, it is not possible to say whether the difference between the two groups is a result of the large error or some "real" difference. Therefore, the procedure described in this study should not be used as a clinical outcome measure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A physical therapy model for the treatment of low back pain.

Low back pain is commonly seen in physical therapy practice, and many methods of treatment are used to reduce it. In this article, we discuss the magnitude of the low back pain problem, outline the various treatment methods, and develop a strategy to classify and standardize the treatment of the patient who has low back pain. We will develop this thought process by discussing five management considerations: (1) the dilemma of diagnosis, (2) the information gained from the assessment, (3) a patient classification system, (4) the objectives of the low back treatment process, and (5) a proposed physical therapy intervention model that matches the objectives of treatment to the classification of the patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Outpatient management of low back pain.

Low back pain affects 80% of adults some time in their lives. It is expensive, costing more than $16 billion per year, and causes 40-50% of all lost work days. A variety of disorders can cause low back pain, but the majority of time the problem is self-limiting and resolves within a few weeks. There are specific risk factors associated with low back pain, temporary measures that can be helpful to decrease discomfort, and specific ways to prevent future episodes. The most important management modality is education, and most patients are treated in the outpatient setting. Nursing care is frequently provided by telephone. Using the nursing process, the nurse can assess and advise patients in a systematic, timely manner while maintaining a nursing focus.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1977

Back pain: osteoarthritis.

Back pain is one of the chief complaints of the elderly. It may be either a chronic deep skeletal muscular pain or an acute circumscribed pain arising from nerve-root irritation. The main causes of back pain in older people are: 1) degenerative changes (spondylosis, osteoarthritis, ankylosing hyperostosis); 2) malignancy (multiple myeloma, metastases from carcinoma or lymphoma); and 3) metabolic disorders (osteoporosis, osteomalacia, chondrocalcinosis, Paget's disease). Mechanisms and variations are discussed in detail.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the low back pain among electric construction workers. Report 2. Workers' attitude to the prevention and the treatment of their low back pain.

In the previous report, the author demonstrated that the electric construction workers were exposed to the high risk of low back pain, and discussed on the ways to prevent and to treat their occupational disorders. He concluded that the improvement of their working conditions, especially lessening of the working load, was necessary to prevent occupational low back pain, and that it was the most helpful effect on their low back pain to take a rest on an after the attack of the disorder, while most of the medical treatment without a rest were almost helpless. In this report, the author studied and discussed on the workers' opinions on the ways to prevent and to treat their low back pain, by means of questionnaire-method. The workers examined were classified by whether they had the disorder or not and also by the grades of their working load. The results are as follow: 1. As for preventive measures, it is the most popular opinion that they should take care not to hurt their low back; nevertheless, as a matter of fact, their low back pain has been mainly resulted from overwork. 2. As for necessary means on the attack of low back pain, many workers believe that medical treatment is the most helpful to the disorder. Fewer workers recognize the low back pain as an occupational disorder and have opinion that they should take a rest on the attack of the disorder. 3. There is much discrepancy between the workers' opinions mentioned above and the occupational health doctors' recommendations that it is most desirable to improve the working conditions and to let the workers take a rest. 4. The more seriously they suffer from the disorder, the more practical and reasonable are the contents of their opinions. 5. In order to let these workers take a rest from labour more easily, the employers should recognize their low back pain as an occupational disorder, including offjob-payment.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Symposium on arthritis in older persons. Section III. Osteoarthritis and back pain. Examination of the back in the geriatric patient.

Older people often complain of back pain, but it usually is not a major complaint except in the presence of serious disease such as malignancy, compression fractures from osteoporosis, or disc-space infections. When back pain is a serious symptom in the elderly patient, the physician should look beyond the obvious evidences of degenerative joint disease for these other more serious conditions. Satisfactory examination of the back does not require an undue amount of time. It is important that it be done systematically. Simple, rapid, and adequate procedures are described.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of low-back pain in industry.

Low-back pain and back injuries are of such a complex nature that any one criterion cannot be applied by itself to give a valid assessment of the risk associated with manual materials-handling jobs. There is no question that low-back pain is an extremely significant cause of disability and has a major socioeconomic impact, but many different personal and job factors are associated with the incidence and prevalence of these complaints. There is a need for ongoing systematic investigations of the multiple risk factors that may be causally related to low-back pain and may possibly be amendable to preventive interventions. Knowledge of workplace and individual risk factors is far from complete. Prospective studies are needed so that factors contributing to the development of low-back pain can be separated from factors resulting from low-back pain. It is difficult to relate low-back pain to the workplace because it occurs quite often in workers employed in sedentary occupations. However, incidence, severity, and disability are all related to the physical demands of the job. In this regard, jobs involving lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling, carrying, and holding; body movements such as frequent bending, twisting, and sudden movements; and working in bent-over postures appear to have a significant potential for producing low-back pain. A combination of lifting, bending, and twisting appears to be most hazardous. It is concluded that lifting heavy loads contributes to increased frequency and severity rates for low-back pain. This is true regardless of whether the lifting is performed over a short period or throughout the day and whether it is performed a few times per day of repetitively. If, however, such lifting is performed repetitively, the medical hazard extends beyond low-back problems to other musculoskeletal strain and sprain injuries and to fatigue-related injuries, particularly for weaker workers. In this latter regard, gender, age, anthropometry, and previous history of back pain are known to modify these risks for populations of workers. The inherent variability between workers and within any worker over time precludes the use of such factors to assign risk to any particular individual.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Back pain.

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Back Pain↗