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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Correlation between the intensity of spontaneous bacteriolysis and bacterial pollution in superficial waters].

A study on the determination of the intensity of spontaneous bacteriolysis in different samples of water from the hydrographic basin of Lorraine, has led us to propose a new way of expressing the spontaneous bacteriolytic power: PBSG. Its utilization has permitted us to establish correlations between the intensity of spontaneous bacteriolytic power and the degree of bacteriological pollution found in different places in the two rivers, the Moselle and the Meurthe. A very strong correlation has been shown between the rate of global spontaneous bacteriolysis after 6 days and the number of coliforms in the water.

Bacteriolysis↗
PubMed1979

Protamine and polyarginine bacteriolysis. Similarities in its mechanism with chromatin DNA picnosis.

Protamine and polyarginine had bacteriolytic effects indicating their primary sites of action as being wall components and showing bacterial diversity genetically determined. Shake-incubation was required in producing cell-lysis. Studies on Bacillus subtilis revealed a high polycation multiplicity per cell in lytic event displaying multihit lysing kinetics; bacteriolysis was inhibited by trypsin, pronase, purified polyanionic wall polysaccharide, and by dissociative actions of salt hypermolarities used in isolation of nucleic acids. The inactivation of polycation lytic abilities during bacteriolysis was accompanied by modifications in electrophoretic running of protamine and polyarginine. It is suggested as mechanism of cell-lysis, the multiple zonal surface condensations of polyanionic wall components by basic polypeptides, likely similar with chromatin DNA picnosis. This analogy is discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1975

The effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. III. Bacteriolysis induced by extracts of different leukocyte populations and the inhibition of lysis by macromolecular substances.

The lysis of 14C-labeled bacteria by hydrolases of human and rabbit leukocytes was studied in vitro. While Staphylococcus albus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus mutans were highly susceptible to lysis, Staphylococcus auresus was intermediate in its susecptibility to lysis by the leukocyte enzymes. Group A Streptococcus, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli, and Mycobacterium smegmatis were very resistant to degradation by these enzymes. The lytic activity of leukocyte lysates from human and rabbit blood was probably due to acid hydrolases of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Extracts of human blood monocytes and of rabbit peritoneal and lung macrophages were less lytic for the bacteria tested. Lymphocytes and platelet extracts were not bacteriolytic. The lytic effect of the leukocyte lysates was not inhibited by KCN or sodium azide, but was abolished to a large extent by cationic polyelectrolytes such as protamine sulfate, histone and leukocyte cationic proteins, and poly-lysine, as well as by the anionic polyelectrolytes such as heparin, chondroitin sulfate, DNA, carrageenin, alginate sulfate, dextran sulfate, and ploy-L-glutamic acid. Other potent inhibitors of bacteriolysis were trypan blue, congo red, phosphatidic acid, normal immunoglobulins, and components of streptococcal cell wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Humoral immunity aspects of meningococcal infection. I. A method of performing and the characteristics of the immune bacteriolysis reaction].

Immune bacteriolysis test with meningococcus, group A, was used for the purpose of serum antibody study. Meningococcus cultures with a bright orange fluorescence of the colonies in oblique illumination (the I type) proved to possess the greatest lysability. Guinea pig serum sorbed with meningococcus suspension was found to be the best source of the complement. Sera obtained after 1 to 3 days of rabbit immunization, containing mostly IgM antibodies, had the greatest bactericidal capacity. Only those fractions which contained IgM possessed bactericidal activity in the hyperimmune rabbit sera with a high IgG antibody concentration. No lytic activity was displayed against meningococcus by unfractionated hyperimmune sera.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[II. The process of spontaneous bacteriolysis in water and micropredator bacteria].

In her conference presented in Public Health School in Ankara in June 1975, the author summarizes the present knowledge on spontaneous bacteriolysis process in water and gives information on the bacteria which are thought to be mostly responsible for auto-purification of water, with special emphasis on Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strains.

Antibiosis↗
PubMed1977

Bacteriolysis by immobilized enzymes.

Bacteriolytic enzymes produced by Achromobacter lunatus were immobilized in collagen membrane. Intact bacteria such as Pseudomonas solanacearum, Xanthomonas oryzae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were lyzed with the bacteriolytic enzyme-collagen membrane. Relative activity of the bacteriolytic enzyme-collagen membrane against Pseu. solanacearum was about 2% of that of native bacteriolytic enzymes. No difference in the optimum pH was observed between immobilized enzymes and native enzymes. The bacteriolytic enzymes in the collagen membrane were stable against sodium chloride which was an inhibitor of the native bacteriolytic enzymes. Xanthomonas oryzae and Pseu. aeruginosa were continuously lyzed by a reactor containing the rolled bacteriolytic enzyme-collagen membrane.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1992

The modulation of the bacteriolytic effect of beta-lactam antibiotics by non-antibiotics.

The addition of cationic proteins such as lysozyme, ribonuclease and cytochrome C enhanced the beta-lactam-induced bacteriolysis of staphylococci measured as release of wall label or by optical density. The treatment of staphylococci with penicillin plus cytochrome C resulted in a reduced viability of bacteria compared with those treated with penicillin alone. The wall autolysis and the penicillin-induced bacteriolysis of staphylococci were enhanced by the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin C. The penicillin-induced bacteriolysis was also enhanced by the D-amino acids D-alanine and D-methionine, while the comparable L-amino acids did not reveal any activity. On the other hand, some polyanionic substances were able to suppress the penicillin-induced bacteriolysis. Radiochemical and electron microscopic studies revealed the participation of bacterial wall autolysins in the first steps of degradation processes of staphylococcal walls within murine bone marrow-derived macrophages.

Amines↗
PubMed1976

The interaction of leukocytes and their hydrolases with bacteria in vitro and in vivo: the modification of the bactericidal and bacteriolytic reactions by cationic and anionic macromolecular substances and by anti-inflammatory agents.

Acid hydrolases from extracts of human blood leucocytes lyse Staph.aureus, Staph.albus and Strep.faecalis in vitro. The leucocyte enzymes can be substituted by a lytic mixture which contains crude trypsin, lysolecithin, phospholipase C and lysozyme, which lyse other bacterial species, e.g. E.coli and Listeria which are resistant to leucocyte enzymes. Bacteriolysis by the lytic agents is strongly inhibited by the anionic polyelectrolytes, heparin, chondroitin sulphate, DNA, dextran sulphate and other sulphated mucopolysaccharides, by the cationic materials, histone, protamine sulphate, leucocyte cationic proteins and polylysine. Other strong inhibitors are trypsan blue and congo red, the phospholipids phosphatidyl serine and ethanolamine, gold thiomalate, extracts of coffee and tea and the anti-inflammatory agents, ultracorten-H, and ultracortenol. Bacteriolysis is also strongly inhibited by normal human serum and by synovial fluids from patients with a variety of joint diseases. The inhibitors in these body fluids are associated with the globulin fractions. Since mixtures of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes, at equimolar concentrations, failed to inhibit bacteriolysis by leucocyte enzymes, it is postulated that a delicate balance between positively and negatively charged inhibitors control the degradation of cell wall components of bacteria in inflamed areas. Such bacterial components, induce 'storage type' granulomas. The possible role played by polyelectrolytes in the control of the inflammatory process induced by leucocyte hydrolases will be discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Human monocyte function in normal subjects and in certain states of immunologic deficiency].

The functions of peripheral blood monocytes (phagocytosis, bacteriolysis, the metabolism, and catabolism of a protein antigen) have been studied in 12 normal subjects and in 23 patients suffering from either primary or secondary immune deficiency. Phagocytosis and bacteriolysis were altered in 1/3-2/3 of patients with either Hodgkin's disease, sarcoidosis or pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas catabolism of the protein antigen were found to be abnormal in practically all cases of agammaglobulinemia. These results show that monocytes may have intrinsic functional abnormalities in some conditions.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed2025

Characterization of the novel Cutibacterium acnes phage KIT08 and its associated pseudolysogenic bacterial isolate.

Cutibacterium acnes, formerly Propionibacterium acnes, is a Gram-positive bacterium commonly recognized as an important factor in acne vulgaris and infections associated with prosthetic medical devices. With the rise in antibiotic resistance, phage therapy has gained renewed attention as a promising alternative to antibiotics. In addition to a strict lytic cycle, some virulent phages may enter a pseudolysogenic state and exclude superinfections, thereby significantly limiting the applicability of these potential antimicrobial agents. However, the trade-off induced by phage infection of bacterial cells during this state and its molecular mechanism are yet to be confirmed, especially for C. acnes phages. In this study, a novel Cutibacterium acnes phage, KIT08, was isolated and characterized. It demonstrated rapid infectivity and moderately strong bacteriolysis. After infection of C. acnes NBRC 107,605, pseudolysogenic bacteria were collected and examined for physiological tradeoffs. The pseudolysogenic isolate exhibited slower growth and downregulation of the transcriptional levels of biofilm-producing genes, such as lipase 2 and hyaluronate lyase, leading to a decrease in biofilm formation. Additionally, a genomic study of phage KIT08 revealed that open reading frames 23 and 34 encode putative proteins homologous to repressor C and LTP proteins, which may play an important role in the induction of pseudolysogeny and superinfection exclusion in C. acnes.

Propionibacterium acnes↗
PubMed1977

A new type of penicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus.

Penicillin--"tolerant" Staphylococcus aureus strains are resistant to the lethal action of penicillins, but are inhibited by normal (low) concentrations. They are deficient in autolytic enzyme activity which appears to be necessary for bacteriolysis and the lethal action of penicillins. This "deficiency" is caused by a large excess of an inhibitor of autolysin. Seven such tolerant strains have been isolated from blood, bone, or sputum of patients who responded poorly to penicillin treatment of endocarditis, osteomyelitis, or staphylococcal pneumonia. These isolates were of different phage-types, and most showed cross-tolerance to the killing action of cephalosporins or vancomycin, antibiotics to which they were sensitive (inhibited). They were killed at normal rates by gentamicin, cycloserine, and rifampicin. Population analysis indicated that the proportion of tolerant organisms within a resistant strain is 7% or less; their ability to inhibit autolytic activity within their own and neighbouring cells appears to account for the net decreased autolytic activity of the entire strain; 44% of the bacteraemic strains studied showed penicillin tolerance. Tolerance is thus a common, clinically important form of penicillin resistance, that differs from previously described forms of pencillin resistance, that due to beta-lactamase, and that due to "intrinsic" (e.g., methicillin resistance) mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Attempt to express the spontaneous global bacteriolytic power of water].

The utilization of a technique for the determination of spontaneous bacteriolytic power in surface waters has led us to propose a new way of expressing the spontaneous bacteriolytic power of water: PBSG. PBSG allows us to evaluate the intensity of global spontaneous bacteriolysis and to compare the global spontaneous bacteriolytic powers of different water samples.

Bacteriolysis↗
PubMed1975

[Morphological manifestation of the action of the complement-antibody system on the surface structures of S. typhimurium].

An electron-microscopic study of the negatively-stained S. typhimurium cells from the culture subjected to the action of a specific hyperimmune antiserum in the presence of a complement (the "complement-antibody" system) pointed to increase in the population of morphological signs of cell destruction--an increase in the number of small bacterial fragments. Many cells which retained the configuration of bacterial cells also had signs of specific affection. The determining sign of specificity of the process was the presence on the surface of the great majority of the mentioned morphological types of accumulations of bacterial fragments of the stain in the form of dark stains surrounded by a lighter ring. The stains were as a rule round with the diameter of the dark zone of about 80 A. The light framing of about 30 A in width consisted of 12 subunits. A conclusion was drawn that further experimental analysis was necessary for detalization of this process and reproduction of a complete picture of bacteriolysis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lysis of a temperature conditional thiamineless mutant of Salmonella typhimurium by glucose and other hexoses.

The SM-3 mutant of Salmonella typhimurium was isolated as streptomycin resistant and temperature conditional thiamine auxotroph. At 37 C it required thiamine, although it behaves as a leaky mutant at this temperature in minimal liquid medium. At 30 degrees C it was able to growth without thiamine. In minimal-glucose-aminoacids at 37 C after an initial growth, cellular lysis occurred. The same happened with other hexoses, but it was not observable when glycerol or lactate were used as carbon source. Microscopic examination showed clumps of cellular debris, empty bagshapes and swelling of microorganisms, suggesting a cell wall defect. Sucrose 0.5 M protected SM-3 cells from osmotic fragility. At 30 C growth was normal and at 37 C in presence of exogenous thiamine full growth without bacteriolysis was obtained. Preliminary experiments of bacterial conjugation allowed the identification of a new locus involved in thiamine biosynthesis which was tentatively mapped in the pur A - pro B region of the chromosomal map of S. typhimurium.

Bacteriolysis↗