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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Inhalation anesthesia or "balanced anesthesia"? A comparative perioperative study in geriatric patients].

During a prospective randomized trial, 50 geriatric patients underwent surgery for a fractured femoral neck. The perioperative circulatory and respiratory effects of anesthesia with enflurane or balanced anesthesia with enflurane and fentanyl were compared. We were particularly looking for postoperative respiratory depression after a standard dose of fentanyl given during balanced anesthesia. Method. In 25 patients anesthesia was induced with 0.2 mg/kg etomidate and 1 mg/kg succinylcholine and maintained with 0.15 mg/kg alcuronium and enflurane. Twenty-five patients received a additional dose of 5 micrograms/kg fentanyl divided into 0.1 mg/kg 2 min before endotracheal intubation and the remainder 5 min before the start of surgery. Systolic and diastolic arterial pressures, heart rate, central venous pressure, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and electrolytes were measured and arterial blood gases were analyzed. Results. There was no important difference between the two methods: during careful use of both techniques circulation remained stable. No marked postoperative respiratory depression occurred even after 5 micrograms/kg fentanyl. Conclusions. Both anesthetic procedures are suitable for hip surgery in elderly patients. In the early postoperative period geriatric patients should be observed carefully in the recovery room for at least 2 h. In some patients--especially if fentanyl is used intraoperatively--this time must be prolonged.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Effect of remifentanil on clinical and electroencephalographic parameters of depth of anesthesia in balanced anesthesia with propofol, enflurane or isoflurane].

UNLABELLED: Electrophysiological parameters are well-suited to detect changes in cerebral function. The present study investigates whether balanced anaesthesia with remifentanil during nociceptive stimulation is associated with changes in clinical and electrophysiological parameters indicating inadequate depth of anaesthesia. Following IRB approval and written informed consent, 23 patients (ASA: I; age: 36 +/- 11) scheduled for elective gynaecological laparoscopy were included in the study. Without any premedication, anaesthesia was induced with remifentanil (1.0 microgram/kg bolus injection), propofol (0.5 mg/kg added by repetitive (10 mg) bolus injections every 10 s until unconciousness) and vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg). Following endotracheal intubation (normoventilation: PetCO2: 36 bis 38 mmHg), remifentanil infusion was started with continuous doses of 0.5 microgram/kg/min over 5 minutes and maintained with 0.25 microgram/kg/min during surgery. Remifentanil was randomly combined with propofol (group 1: 100 micrograms/kg/min; n = 7), enflurane (group 2: 0.5 MAC; n = 8) or isoflurane (group 3: 0.5 MAC; n = 8). Monitoring included: heart rate (beats/min), mean arterial pressure (mmHg), oxygen saturation (%), endtidal CO2 (mmHg) and endtidal enflurane and isoflurane (%). EEG: 2-channel recordings of Fz versus mastoid and ECG (artefact control) during steady-state anaesthesia and surgery. Following fast-fourier-transformation (4 s; 256/s; 0.5 to 35.0 Hz), spectral power densities were calculated for the selected frequency bands. Auditory evoked potentials (AEP; middle latency) were registered simultaneously after binaural stimulation via head-phones click-stimulation (6 Hz; 75 dB above hearing threshold; 512 stimulations per average). Bandpass was 0.01 to 2.0 kHz. ANALYSIS: Na, Pa, Nb (latencies; ms) and peak-to-peak amplitudes (NaPa, PaNb; microV). EEG and AEP recording technique [15]. The study protocol included baseline values from pre-intubation, pre-surgery, the respective post-stimulation values (1 min, 3 min, 5 min) and all data at five-minute intervals during surgery until emergence from anaesthesia. During steady-state study conditions with defined remifentanil applications, mean data indicate that in response to nociceptive stimuli no changes in clinical or electrophysiological parameters were observed. In contrast to other studies using different anaesthetic techniques, the present data from remifentanil indicate very stable haemodynamic and electrophysiological parameters (EEG, AEP) during noxious stimulations. Adjustable and with no plasma accumulation, remifentanil demonstrates potent antinociceptive effects resulting in signs of adequate anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and balanced anesthesia with short-acting anesthetics for ENT surgery in children].

It was the aim of this study to compare total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with balanced anaesthesia using modern short-acting anaesthetics for ENT-surgery in children regarding the influence on haemodynamics, recovery, side-effects and costs. After approval of the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Rostock, 80 children in the age of 3 to 12 years, rectally premedicated with midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) and atropine (0.01 mg/kg), were randomly assigned to TIVA (group 1, n = 41) and balanced anaesthesia (group 2, n = 39), respectively. TIVA was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg) and remifentanil (1 microgram/kg) and maintained with propofol (6 mg/kg/h) and remifentanil (0.2 microgram/kg/min). Controlled ventilation was performed with an air/oxygen mixture (1:1). Balanced anaesthesia was induced with the method of "single breath induction" using sevoflurane (8 Vol.%) in a mixture of nitrous oxide/oxygen (2:1). For maintaining balanced anaesthesia under low flow conditions, sevoflurane concentration was reduced to 1 Vol.% while the nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture was kept constant. Additionally 0.1 microgram/kg/min of remifentanil was given. For controlled ventilation, the patients of both groups were primarily relaxed for intubation with mivacurium (0.2 mg/kg) under continuous monitoring using TOF-stimulation (TOF-Guard). Further relaxation was performed with doses of 0.05 mg/kg of mivacurium after relaxometric control reached T1-level > 20% and T2-level > 0. Haemodynamic parameters (heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure), awakening time (time until the first spontaneous movements occurred), recovery time (according to Aldrete-Score > 8), side-effects (sevoflurane-induced excitation and propofol-induced pain due to the injection during induction of anaesthesia, postoperative vomiting) and costs for anaesthetic agents and relaxants were registered. The investigation showed significantly higher heart rate (p < 0.05) and significantly lower mean arterial pressure (p < 0.05) during balanced anaesthesia than during TIVA. Between the two groups there were no statistically significant differences regarding awakening time, recovery time and incidence of postoperative vomiting. In the TIVA-group, pain due to injection of propofol occurred in 10 patients (24.4%) and in group 2 sevoflurane-induced excitation during induction was registered in 22 patients (56.4%). Based on our presently existing purchase prices for the drugs used, there were no significant differences between the costs for TIVA and balanced anaesthesia. We conclude that both TIVA and balanced anaesthesia performed with short-acting anaesthetics, are suitable anaesthetic methods for ENT operations in children. Because balanced anaesthesia with sevoflurane led to higher heart rates, this kind of anaesthesia should be used with caution in children with heart diseases. The main advantage of both methods is their short recovery time.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗
PubMed1991

[Mean equipotent blood pressure-lowering concentrations of halothane, isoflurane and enflurane during balanced anesthesia differ from conventional MAC-values].

Balanced anesthesia is a technique that allows control of blood pressure in patients with coronary artery disease. In order to evaluate the relative requirements of volatile anesthetics during basic opioid analgesia, 51 patients with unimpaired left ventricular function who were undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting during balanced anesthesia were investigated. They were randomly assigned to three groups, i.e. halothane (H), isoflurane (I), and enflurane (E). Permanent medications were maintained up to 12 h preoperatively. After premedication with flunitrazepam, promethazine and piritramide, anesthesia was induced with 7 micrograms/kg fentanyl, 0.3 mg/kg etomidate, and 0.1 mg/kg pancuronium and continued with fentanyl infusion (0.1 microgram/kg-1 min-1). Volatile anesthetics were applied in oxygen/air and adjusted to keep the mean arterial blood pressure within +/- 20% of the preoperative value. End-expiratory concentrations of volatile anesthetics were measured (Capnomac, DATEX) and averaged over time. The mean ages of the patients in the different groups were 60 +/- 7.6 years (H), 59 +/- 7.1 years (I), and 60 +/- 6.9 years (E). Four patients in the halothane group, six in the isoflurane group, and five in the enflurane group took beta-blockers preoperatively. The cumulative doses of fentanyl were: H = 0.80 +/- 0.17 mg, I = 0.85 +/- 0.16 mg, and E = 0.83 +/- 0.16 mg at the time of skin incision and H = 1.20 +/- 0.26 mg, I = 1.38 +/- 0.19 mg, and E = 1.24 +/- 0.25 mg at the beginning of extracorporeal circulation.2+ which are possibly the reason for the high O2-MAC value, which may be abolished during balanced anesthesia. However, both the negative inotropic and the vasodilatory effects of enflurane are more likely explanations for the results. It is concluded that 0.5 to 1.0 MAC of halothane, isoflurane, or enflurane used as equipotent components of balanced anesthesia for blood pressure control during aorto-coronary bypass grafting may differ considerably from the conventional MAC concept.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Intraoperative changes in blood cortisol and prolactin during surface surgery: totally intravenous anesthesia with propofol vs balanced anesthesia].

Forty patients ASA class 1-2 admitted to elective plastic-reconstructive surgery were randomized in two groups of 20 patients to receive either total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol (group P) or balanced-anaesthesia with sodium thiopental + isoflurane + N2O (group M). 24 hours before surgery (t0) blood was drawn for cortisol and prolactin; this was repeated 30 minutes after skin incision (t1), 30 minutes after extubation (t2) and 24 hours after surgery (t3). Serum cortisol level rose, but not significantly, at t2 in group M. Serum prolactin level rose significantly at t1 and t2 in group M, at t1 in group P. By 24 hours after surgery, the cortisol and prolactin concentration in both groups was not significantly different from the baseline value.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Comparative study between the effects of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and balanced anesthesia with halothane on the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference and on the pulmonary shunt.

Inhalation anesthesia with halothane, inhibiting hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, causes an increase in intrapulmonary shunt development as well as an increase of alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference. In contrast, total intravenous anesthesia with propofol, as with other intravenous anesthetics, should not alter pulmonary gas exchange. The present study was carried out using two groups of patients of similar age, sex and weight, who were subjected to neurosurgical procedures. One group was under general inhalational anesthesia with halothane and the other group under total intravenous anesthesia with propofol. In a simple clinical manner and applying established formulae, the determination of intrapulmonary shunt and alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference showed a significant increase after 120 min in the halothane group, whereas the group that received propofol did not show any significant variation. We therefore conclude that propofol, different from halothane, does not affect the pulmonary gas exchange.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Electronic monitoring of the fetal heart rate and uterine contractions during cesarean section under balanced anesthesia.

The influence of balanced anesthesia (BA) on fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contraction (UC) patterns was evaluated in pregnant women undergoing emergency cesarean section. The results showed that during operative delivery under BA there was a significant decrease in the beat-to-beat variability of the FHR, most probably due to the anesthetic agent. There was a decrease in uterine contractility expressed by the significant decreases in the peak pressure as well as in the duration of the uterine contractions. Periodic changes in the FHR as decelerations and acclerations disappeared or improved mostly due to the decrease of uterine contractility.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1999

Immune response in infants undergoing application of cast: comparison of halothane and balanced anesthesia.

PURPOSE: To study the immunological effects of two types of anesthesia on the immune response in infants during a minimally stressful surgical procedure. METHODS: The effects of inhalational halothane (halothane + N2O + O2, spontaneous breathing, n = 12) and conventional balanced anesthesia (thiopental + N2O + O2 + fentanyl + vecuronium, mechanical ventilation, n = 12) on immune function were measured in a crossover study in 12 infants undergoing application of casts to the lower extremity or hip joint. Leukocyte and differential counts, lymphocyte subpopulations, spontaneous lymphocyte proliferative responses as well as responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concavalin A (ConA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and serum cortisol concentration were measured before, immediately after and four hours after the end of anesthesia. RESULTS: Halothane anesthesia was associated with a higher percentage of T helper cells than conventional balanced anesthesia [47.1+/-1.8 (SEM)%, 48.1+/-2.3% and 50.7+/-1.9% before, immediately and four hours after anesthesia vs. 45.7+/-1.7%, 44.0+/-2.3% and 45.1+/-1.9%, respectively, by groups, P<0.05]. Leukocyte count and the percentages of activated T cells, natural killer cells and B cells showed similar alterations in both groups, and no alterations were observed in the percentages of T lymphocytes or T cytotoxic cells. Lymphocyte transformation response to PWM was decreased four hours after anesthesia in the halothane but not in the balanced anesthesia group. CONCLUSION: Anesthesia of short duration during minimal surgical stress alters lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphoproliferative responses in infants and, furthermore, halothane anesthesia and balanced anesthesia have different effects.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1990

The efficacy and safety of nalbuphine (NUBAIN) in balanced anesthesia. A double blind comparison with fentanyl in gynecological and urological surgery.

In a prospective double blind study the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine as an analgesic in balanced anesthesia has been compared to fentanyl. In 63 patients, ASA class I-III, major gynecological or urological surgical procedures were performed under balanced anesthesia. Analgesia could be satisfactory maintained in all cases, but in cases of nalbuphine more hypnotics were necessary to keep the patients unconscious. The ratio of fentanyl and nalbuphine consumption was 1:200 (by weight). The nalbuphine cases can be distinguished by: more stable but higher arterial pressures and absence of arrythmia; lower incidence of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period; less respiratory depression at the end of anesthesia, not needing antagonists, as compared to 11 patients needing antagonization in the fentanyl group; and a larger incidence of minor local allergic reactions at the injection site. Awareness was not observed in any patient of either group. Although nalbuphine has a weaker analgesic and hypnotic effect, it is perfectly possible to provide balanced anesthesia in combination with a hypnotic and a muscle relaxant. Advantages are the absence of respiratory depression as well as nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Changes in the concentrations of catecholamines and cortisol in balanced anesthesia and total intravenous anesthesia].

OBJECTIVE: To compare hormone response to stress caused by surgery performed under balanced general anesthesia and total intravenous anesthesia. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Two randomly formed groups of 24 patients each were studied. All patients were scheduled for lumbar laminectomy to correct disc hernias, with one group receiving balanced anesthesia with isoflurane (expiratory fraction between 0.5% and 0.6%), and the second group receiving total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) (propofol infusion changed every 10 min from 12 to 6 mg/kg/h). Analgesics and relaxants were given by continuous infusion at preestablished doses (fentanyl 2 micrograms/kg/h; vecuronium 0.05 mg/kg/h). Cortisol and catecholamine (adrenalin, noradrenaline and dopamine) levels were determined at the following times: the morning of surgery (baseline), 5 min after intubation, 5 min after incision, 30 and 60 min after intubation; 5 min after tube removal and upon admission to the recovery unit. RESULTS: Cortisol levels decreased from baseline (14 +/- 3 pg/ml) until 30 min after intubation (4 +/- 2 pg/ml; p < 0.05) in the balanced anesthesia group. Adrenaline levels followed the same pattern (baseline 77 +/- 7 versus 57 +/- 10 pg/ml 30 min after intubation). Dopamine levels were statistically different (p < 0.05) at baseline (42 +/- 3 pg/ml), after intubation (38 +/- 2 pg/ml) and after incision (35 +/- 3 pg/ml), but the difference disappeared 30 minutes after intubation (38 +/- 8 pg/ml). Noradrenaline levels after incision (425 +/- 116 pg/ml) were significantly different from those at baseline (671 +/- 124 pg/ml), and the difference was evident until 60 min after incision. In the TIVA group we found significantly higher cortisol levels after intubation (21 +/- 0 pg/ml) than after baseline (14 +/- 2 pg/ml); this level decreased after extubation (7 +/- 0 pg/ml; p < 0.05). Adrenaline levels were significantly higher than at baseline (64 +/- 11 pg/ml) at times corresponding to intubation (76 +/- 5 pg/ml) and extubation (48 +/- 5 pg/ml). Noradrenaline increased significantly over baseline (497 +/- 99 pg/ml) after incision (597 +/- 90 pg/ml) and decreased significantly after 30 min. The increases in cortisol were significantly greater in the TIVA group than in the control group after intubation (21 +/- 0 versus 8 +/- 3 pg/ml, respectively) after intubation, after incision (18 +/- 2 versus 6 +/- 3 pg/ml) and 30 minutes after intubation (15 +/- 2 versus 4 +/- 2 pg/ml). Similar differences were found for dopamine after intubation (49 +/- 2 versus 38 +/- 2 pg/ml) and after incision (45 +/- 5 versus 35 +/- 3 pg/ml). CONCLUSIONS: Hormone levels are significantly higher during intravenous anesthesia than during balanced anesthesia, and the difference is evident from the earliest measurement performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Anesthetic management of patients with pheochromocytoma for adrenalectomy using balanced anesthesia with continuous infusion of nicardipine and nitroglycerin].

Four patients underwent surgical removal of pheochromocytoma under balanced anesthesia with fentanyl, sevoflurane and epidural anesthesia combined with continuous infusion of nicardipine and nitroglycerin. Circulation was stable during the operation in all the patients. There were no serious hypertension and hypotension, arrhythmia and pulmonary edema during the postoperative period. We conclude that the anesthetic management of patients with pheochromocytoma for adrenalectomy using balanced anesthesia with continuous infusion of nicardipine and nitroglycerin is one of the most useful anesthetic methods.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Randomized study on the use of propofol for anesthesia in intracranial tumors. Comparison with balanced anesthesia].

There is currently no anesthesiological technique which enables volume, cerebral blood flow and spinal fluid pressure to be kept constant. The aim of the present study was to compare two techniques of anesthesia in patients with cerebral tumours: one of a balanced type (AB) and the other of a continuous ev type (AEC) using propofol in order to assess which guaranteed the greatest cerebral protection. The results of the study have shown that the use of propofol may represent a useful alternative in intracranial tumour surgery since changes in systolic pressure and heart rate observed during AEC anesthesia were statistically lower in comparison to AB anesthesia. No statistically significant differences were observed in relation to changes in diastolic pressure, PVC, ApCO2 and the incidence of bleeding or cerebral edema. The quality of awakening was better in patients in the AEC group in terms of renewed breathing and spontaneous motility, verbal response and space-time orientation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Postoperative pulmonary function after lung surgery. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol in comparison to balanced anesthesia with isoflurane].

After lung resection, early extubation and the rapid return of the patients ability to cooperate is the predominant goal. Propofol anaesthesia is characterised by rapid awakening and recovery of cognitive and psychomotor functions and is consequently desirable for such operations. Experience so far in lung surgery, however, is limited. Besides the level of consciousness we investigated various spirometric parameters after lung resection. Total intravenous anaesthesia was performed with propofol, while balanced anaesthesia was performed with isoflurane. METHODS. A total of 93 patients evaluated electively for wedge excision or lobectomy were enrolled in an open, prospective, randomised, interindividual comparative study. Sixty-three patients could be evaluated with complete data sets. In the evening and the morning before the operation the patients were premedicated orally with clorazepate 0.5-0.7 mg/kg. Anaesthesia was induced in group 1 with propofol (1.0-2.5 mg/kg) and maintained with propofol (4-12 mg/kg) in 50% O2/air. The patients in group 2 received methohexital (1-2 mg/kg) for induction and isoflurane (0.4-2.0 vol%) in 50% O2/air for the maintenance of general anaesthesia. In both groups analgesia was achieved by using fentanyl (up to 10 micrograms/kg) and muscle relaxation by using atracurium. Psychomotor tests (minimal mental state, reaction time) were performed the day before the operation (t1), immediately prior to induction of anaesthesia (t2) and 5 min, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 24 h, and 7 days after extubation (t3-t8). Spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FEV1; forced vital capacity, FVC; peak expiratory flow, PEF) was carried out at times t1, t2 and t5-t8. RESULTS. The two groups were comparable regarding preoperative status (age, sex, preoperative risk score, psychomotor tests, and spirometric values) and the operation performed (wedge excision/lobectomy, duration of anaesthesia). The extubation time was slightly shorter in the propofol group (18 +/- 8 min) than in the isoflurane group (20 +/- 6 min). Also, the results of the psychomotor tests were somewhat better in the propofol group than those in the isoflurane group. The clearest differences were found in the early postoperative period, but not all differences were significant. Statistically highly significant differences between the two groups were found for the three spirometric parameters. Based on the FEV1 value of the 7th postoperative day, FEV1 taken 60 min after extubation declined by 27.9% in the propofol group vs. 51.7% in the isoflurane group (P = 0.01). At 90 min after extubation the corresponding decline in the propofol group was 26.6%, in the isoflurane group 51.1% (P = 0.003). In addition, the decline of FVC and PEF measured 60 min and 90 min after extubation was significantly smaller in the propofol group than in the isoflurane group. CONCLUSION. The postoperative impairment of lung function after lung resection under propofol anaesthesia is statistically significantly smaller than under isoflurane anaesthesia. Total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol is particularly suitable for this kind of operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Sufentanyl in balanced anesthesia for neurosurgery. Comparative study with fentanyl] .

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sufentanil in comparison with those of fentanyl during balanced anesthesia in patients undergoing neurosurgery. METHODS EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: prospective randomized study. SETTING: operating room in a neurosurgery University department. PATIENTS: 50 patients, ASA I and II with age ranging from 18 to 77 years were divided in two groups randomly. INTERVENTIONS: 25 patients received sufentanil as single bolus dose of 0.2 microgram/kg i.v. as premedication and supplemental bolus doses of 0.15 microgram/kg during the maintenance of anesthesia while the remainders received fentanyl 2.0 micrograms/kg as premedication and supplemental boluses of 1.5 micrograms/kg. All patients were induced with propofol 2.5 mg/kg, were intubated after cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg for muscle relaxation, then were ventilated with sevoflurane and O2:N2O (1:1). MEASUREMENTS: heart rate, SAP, DAP and MAP were recorded at different times and ECG, ETCO2 and pulsoximetry were monitored continuously. Furthermore postoperative analgesia by VAS, recovery time and inspiratory concentrations of the volatile anesthetic were evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out using ANOVA for repeated measures and Bonferroni "t"-test; a value of p < 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS: Significant changes in MAP (at IOT and 1 and 2 min after IOT), in HR (at IOT) and in RPP (at IOT and 1, 2 and 3 min after IOT) were recorded in group F. Recovery time was shorter in group S than in group F and postoperative analgesia was more prolonged in group S. Inspiratory concentrations of volatile agent were lower in patients treated with sufentanil than in those treated with fentanyl. CONCLUSIONS: In patients treated with sufentanil a better cardiocirculatory stability was achieved with lower inspiratory concentrations of volatile agent and a well relaxed brain. Sufentanil can be considered a valid alternative to fentanyl as analgesic agent in balanced anesthesia for neurosurgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Changes in erythrocyte membrane ATPases and plasma lipid peroxides in upper abdominal surgery under intravenous procaine-balanced anesthesia.

AIM:To observe the changes in erythrocyte membrane ATPases and plasma lipid peroxides (LPO) patients with in abdominal surgery under intravenous procainebalanced anesthesia.METHODS:By determining the ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane, effects of upper abdominal surgery under intravenous procaine-balanced anesthesia on the function of erythrocytes were observed in 15 patients undergoing cholecystectomy and gastrectomy (5 males and 10 females, aged 45.9 ± 10.20 years and weighed 60.60kg ± 11.93kg). All patients were free from severe renal,hepatic, pulmonary, cardiac, metabolic and endocrinological diseases and acute infection for at least 2 weeks before surgery. Patients receiving any drug known to affect carbohydrate metabolism prior to anesthesia were excluded from the study.RESULTS:Erythrocyte membrane Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, Mg(2+)-ATPase, Ca(2+), Mg(2+)-ATPase activities were not significantly changed 60min-90min after incision as compared with 30min before anesthesia, but were decreased markedly 10min and 24 hours after completion of operation (P < 0.01). Plasma lipid peroxides (LPO) were increased significantly 24 hours after surgery (P < 0.01) following an initially marked but transient reduction. Plasma LPO changes were not correlated with erythrocyte membrane ATPase activities, r =-0.0396, -0.0097 and 0.4383, respectively (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION:Abdominal surgical trauma under intravenous procaine-balanced anesthesia may be associated with the decreased ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane and increased LPO in plasma.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of balanced anesthesia on lung histamine release in patients operated on for mitral heart defects with varying degrees of pulmonary hypertension].

The histamine concentration was estimated in the mixed venous and arterial blood in 28 patients with mitral defects subjected to closed mitral commissurotomy under balanced anesthesia. The oxygen content was determined simultaneously and the amount of blood shunting in the lungs was calculated by the oxygen method. It was established that the amount of histamine in the mixed venous blood coming to lungs was increased in patients with high degree lung hypertension. The balanced anesthesia itself did not influence the histamine concentration in the blood. The cessation of anesthesia, however, is followed by increased histamine concentration in the blood of patients with high lung hypertension. The process of blood shunting in the lungs is not controlled by histamine.

Anesthesia, Intravenous↗