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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Evaluation of the effect of protamine on human prostate carcinoma PC-3m using contrast enhanced Doppler ultrasound.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the ability of contrast enhanced Doppler ultrasound (CEDU) to demonstrate changes in tumor vascularity during angiogenesis inhibitive therapy in PC-3m human prostate carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pieces of human prostate carcinoma PC-3m tumor (Institute of Urology, Beijing University, Beijing, People's Republic of China) were transplanted subcutaneously into 48 male BALB/C nude mice (Center of Animal Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China). Protamine (Shanghai Biochemistry Pharmaceutical Co., People's Republic of China) was injected subcutaneously as an angiogenesis inhibitor. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups according to protamine dose. The color flow signal-pixel rate (SPR) of the images was calculated using the number of pixels showing color Doppler signals as a ratio of the total number of pixels covering the lesion. RESULTS: The SPR of the high and low dose groups were significantly lower than that of the control group (p <0.01). Mean SPR +/- SD in the 3 groups was 0.09 +/- 0.05, 0.11 +/- 0.05 and 0.22 +/- 0.10, respectively. SPR correlated significantly with microvessel density (r = 0.86 to 0.94, p <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: CEDU can effectively reveal the change in vascularity in a tumor that was treated with protamine. In addition to microvessel density, CEDU may become one of several independent prognostic indexes of angiogenesis inhibitor therapy.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computer knowledge, attitudes, and skills of nurses in People's Hospital of Beijing Medical University.

The first Chinese Hospital Information Systems (HIS) was used as a pilot project at People's Hospital, of Beijing Medical University (BMU). To assess the computer knowledge, attitudes, and skills of nurses working in the hospital, and to examine the relationships among these factors, 169 staff nurses working on clinical units were surveyed by proportionate stratified random sampling. Computer knowledge, attitudes, and skills were measured, by a nurses' computer knowledge questionnaire (NCKQ), nurses' computer attitude scale (NCAS), and nurses' computer skill scale (NCSS), respectively, developed by the investigators. Data analysis showed that the overall computer knowledge and skills of nurses were at moderate levels and the computer attitudes were neutral. Nurses' computer skills were significantly and positively correlated with both computer knowledge and computer attitudes; however, no significant correlation was found between computer knowledge and computer attitudes. Strategies to enhance nurses' computer knowledge, attitudes, and skills were proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Management of cerebral ischemia due to Takayasu's arteritis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the management of cerebral ischemia caused by Takayasu's arteritis. METHODS: Ninety-three cases treated from June 1984 to September 1999 at the General Post & Telecom Hospital, the Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, the Second Medical College of Beijing University, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, and the Beijing Union Medical College Hospital, including 10 men and 83 women, were reviewed. Of the 93 cases, bypasses from the ascending aorta to the axillary or subclavian artery and from graft to the carotid artery were performed in 47 cases. Subclavian to carotid bypass was performed in six cases. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was used in five cases and stenting in one. RESULTS: Marked improvement was achieved in 30.3%, fair in 34.9%, improvement in 21.2%, unchanged in 4.6%, and death in 9.0% before discharge; 30.6%, 38.8%, 16.3%, 4.1%, and 2.0% respectively during a mean follow-up of 48 months, and recurrence requiring revision in 8.2%. CONCLUSION: Patients with occlusive lesions of all four cervical arteries always have severe cerebral ischemia and their distal runoff is always unvisualised by angiography. However, we found by exploration that the internal carotid artery is patent in all but one patient. Therefore, an ascending aorta to carotid bypass is feasible in most instances, and this can and should be done when the cerebral perfusion is jeopardized at a time when the patient is in a stable or relatively stable condition. Unfortunately, the cerebral re-perfusion syndrome is still a serious and not completely solved problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Premarital sexual activities among students in a university in Beijing, China.

BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted diseases are becoming a serious public health problem in China. College students are recognized as one of the age groups most affected. GOAL: The goal was to investigate premarital sexual activities and condom use among college students in Beijing in order to collect the information necessary for research on interventions. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 1999 among students at a university in Beijing. A self-administered, anonymous, structured questionnaire was used. RESULTS: Among those interviewed, 41% reported premarital sexual activities: 28% had kissed partners of the opposite sex, 19% had masturbated, and 12% had engaged in sexual intercourse. Among those who had sexual intercourse, 69% had used condoms. CONCLUSION: Today, more students are engaging in premarital sexual intercourse. Thus, it is necessary to reinforce reproductive health education among college students and provide convenient and optional services that are easily accessed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Investigation on freshmen's tuberculosis infection in 33 universities in Beijing].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the immune level of the purified protein derivative (PPD) and the present conditions of the tuberculosis among the collegians. METHODS: Standardized tuberculin testing with PPD 5 IU, social-demographic and epidemiological feature of tuberculosis were conducted in 105,239 freshmen from 33 universities in Beijing. RESULTS: The scar rates of freshmen were 72.21%. The rates coming from cities were higher than those from countries. The scar rates were near equal for freshmen in different ages. However the rates were different evidently with the region where the students come from. The scar rates of freshmen from cities were 75.84%. The scar rates of the freshmen from countries were 62.78%. Tuberculosis infection rate of the freshmen was 51.99% and the strong positive rate was 14.63%. Tuberculosis positive rate of city students was obviously higher than that of rural ones. Tuberculosis positive rate of city students was 55.17% and the strong positive rate was 15.37%. Tuberculosis positive rate of rural students was 44.69% and the strong positive rate was 12.70%. There appeared great difference between them. Moreover, Tuberculosis infection rate was varied with age and region. The tuberculosis positive rate of students from north-east areas was the highest (72.10%, 7,746/10,744), and those come from the middle-north areas were the lowest (41.50%, 6,560/15,808). The tuberculosis positive rate (62.49%, 47,489/75,992) of the freshmen with the scar was higher than that of those without the scar (24.72%, 7,230/29,247). The tuberculosis positive rate of the freshmen having a touch with the tuberculosis cases (60.75%) was higher than those having not (51.96%). CONCLUSION: As students in universities are susceptible population of tuberculosis, it should be emphasized to find out tuberculosis in university and to treat them early for the purpose of preventing the episode and explosion of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Nutritional knowledge, food habits and health attitude of Chinese university students--a cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that irregular lifestyle of young Japanese female students are significantly related to their desire to be thinner. In the present study, we examined the nutritional knowledge and food habits of Chinese university students and compared them with those of other Asian populations. METHODS: A self-reported questionnaire was administered to 540 students, ranging in age from 19-24 years. Medical students from Beijing University (135 men and 150 women) in Northern China and Kunming Medical College in southern China (95 men and 160 women) participated in this study. The parametric variables were analyzed using the Student's t-test. Chi-square analyses were conducted for non-parametric variables. RESULTS: Our results showed that 80.5% of students had a normal BMI and 16.6 % of students were underweight with the prevalence of BMI>30 obesity being very low in this study sample. Young Chinese female students had a greater desire to be thinner (62.0%) than males (47.4%). Habits involving regular eating patterns and vegetable intake were reported and represent practices that ought to be encouraged. CONCLUSIONS: The university and college arenas represent the final opportunity for the health and nutritional education of a large number of students from the educator's perspective. Our findings suggest the need for strategies designed to improve competence in the area of nutrition.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Fathers have lower salivary testosterone levels than unmarried men and married non-fathers in Beijing, China.

A growing body of evidence, almost entirely from North America, has found that male testosterone levels are positively associated with mating effort (male-male competition and mate-seeking behaviour), while lower testosterone levels have been associated with affiliative pair bonding and paternal care. To expand the cross-cultural scope of this research, here we investigate variation in salivary testosterone levels among Chinese men in relation to marital and parenting variables. One hundred and twenty-six men drawn from a Beijing university setting between the ages of 21 and 38 completed a questionnaire and provided both morning and late afternoon saliva samples from which testosterone levels were measured. The 66 unmarried men had slightly higher levels of testosterone than the 30 married non-fathers, but this difference was not statistically significant. However, the 30 fathers exhibited significantly lower testosterone levels than both unmarried men and married non-fathers. Among married non-fathers, marital relationship quality was not significantly related to testosterone levels. Among married fathers, men with children aged less than 4 years of age did not have lower testosterone levels than men with older children. These data are the first outside of North America to show lower testosterone levels among fathers, and lend support to the theoretical view that male testosterone levels differ according to mating and parenting effort.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A large-scale, high-efficiency and low-cost platform for structural genomics studies.

A large-scale, high-efficiency and low-cost platform based on a Beckman Coulter Biomek FX and custom-made automation systems for structural genomics has been set up at Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China. This platform has the capacity to process up to 2000 genes per year for structural and functional analyses. Bacillus subtilis, a model organism for Gram-positive bacteria, and Streptococcus mutans, a major pathogen of dental caries, were selected as the main targets. To date, more than 470 B. subtilis and 1200 S. mutans proteins and hundreds of proteins from other sources, including human liver proteins, have been selected as targets for this platform. The selected genes are mainly related to important metabolism pathways and/or have potential relevance for drug design. To date, 40 independent structures have been determined; of these 11 are in the category of novel structures by the criterion of having less than 30% sequence identity to known structures. More than 13 structures were determined by SAD/MAD phasing. The macromolecular crystallography beamline at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility and modern phasing programs have been crucial components of the operation of the platform. The idea and practice of the genomic approach have been successfully adopted in a moderately funded structural biology program and it is believed this adaptation will greatly improve the production of protein structures. The goal is to be able to solve a protein structure of moderate difficulty at a cost about US 10,000 dollars.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1995

Air pollution and unscheduled hospital outpatient and emergency room visits.

We conducted a time-series analysis of daily hospital visits and air pollution data to assess acute effects of air pollution on daily unscheduled outpatient visits to internal medicine, pediatric, and emergency departments in the No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Medical University in Beijing, China. Sulfur dioxide was marginally significantly associated with total outpatient visits (beta = 41.5, SE = 24.2) and significantly associated with internal medicine (beta = 14.6, SE = 6.7), pediatric (beta = 12.7, SE = 3.7), and emergency room visits (beta = 6.8, SE = 2.7). Total suspended particulates (TSP) was a significant predictor for total outpatient (beta = 21.1, SE = 7.7) and pediatric visits (beta = 3.4, SE = 1.3) and a marginally significant predictor of internal medicine visits (beta = 4.2, SE = 2.2). In a season-specific analysis, SO2 was a significant predictor for total hospital outpatient visits in summer, although the mean daily SO2 concentration was only 17 micrograms/m3 (maximum = 51 micrograms/m3). In winter, SO2 was significantly associated with internal medicine, pediatric, and emergency room visits, and TSP was associated with total outpatient visits. This study suggests an exposure-response relationship between TSP and SO2 and hospital outpatient visits, both at high air pollution levels and at levels well below air quality standards recommended by the World Health Organization.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed2002

Quality of life among mastectomy patients receiving radiotherapy.

A descriptive study was conducted to describe the quality of life among mastectomy patients receiving radiotherapy. There were 20 mastectomy patients receiving radiotherapy at Oncology Hospital of Peking Union Medical College, and the First, and the Second Teaching Hospital of Beijing Medical University, in Beijing according to the criteria. The instrument used for data collection was Quality of Life Index-Cancer Version (QLI-CV). Finding of the study revealed that the quality of life among mastectomy patients had changed a little during the course of radiotherapy. Within four domains,family domain received the highest satisfaction, while psychological/spiritual domain seeded to get the lowest satisfaction in this group of people. The findings of the study may provide the baseline knowledge for understand quality of life among mastectomy patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Major factors and conditions for migration: survey in Chifeng, Nei Mongol Autonomous Region.

The author analyzes results from a 1985 survey by the Institute of Sociology of Beijing University that examined rural-rural migration of household heads in the Chifeng region of China. "The key issues addressed by the survey included the number of immigrants in the current rural population in Chifeng; the immigrant's date of arrival; the factors that led them to leave their native places and choose Chifeng to settle down [in] and the conditions encountered in the process of their migration and settlement." More than 2,000 families were included in the survey.

Asia↗
PubMed2003

[Study of 8,665 cases of the 50 g oral glucose challenge test to screen the gestational diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE: To study the cutoff value, the appropriate time of the 50 g oral glucose challenge test (GCT) to screen the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to study the importance of the maternal age and body weight of GDM. METHODS: The clinical data of 8 665 pregnant women who underwent the GCT from January 1995 to March 2001 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Hospital of Beijing University were collected, and a retrospective study was made. RESULTS: (1) The 1 h average plasma glucose level of the GCT is (6.8 +/- 1.7) mmol/L. The abnormal rate of GCT was 25.2% using 7.8 mmol/L as the cutoff, 5.3% (17/321) of GDM were misdiagnosed. When the cutoff is 7.2 mmol/L, the abnormal rate is increased to 36.5%, and 2.8% (9/321) of GDM were more diagnosed. If a value of 8.3 mmol/L as threshold, there would be 15.9% (51/321) of GDM to misdiagnose. (2) When 1 h blood glucose is >or= 11.2 mmol/L, the incidence of GDM is 55.8% (92/165). Among them, 62.0% (57/92) GDM could be diagnosed according to the fasting blood glucose. (3) There were no difference in the rate of abnormal GCT when GCT underwent between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation. (4) The rate of abnormal GCT and the incidence of the GDM are obviously different among the different age groups. The incidence of GDM among the women younger than 25 years old without high risk factors is only 0.3%, obviously lower than the other groups. (5) The average body mass index (BMI) of the women between 26 to 28 weeks of gestation is (24.9 +/- 2.9) kg/m(2). When the BMI is >or= 27.8 (x +/- s), the rate of abnormal GCT and the incidence of the GDM were obviously higher than the other women. CONCLUSIONS: (1) 7.8 mmol/L as the cutoff of the GCT for the screening of GDM is appropriate. When the 1 h blood glucose level is >or= 11.2 mmol/L, fasting blood glucose should first be done to diagnose GDM. (2) It is necessary to screen GDM as soon as possible after 24 weeks of gestation, but for the women with obviously high risk factors GCT should be done before 24 weeks of gestation. (3) Age and obesity are the important risk factors for the GDM. It is not necessary to screen GDM among the pregnant women younger than 25 years old without high risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Plasma concentration of NT-proBNP in patients with acute coronary syndrome correlated with the severity of the diseases?].

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate whether the plasma concentration of NT-proBNP in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) correlated with severity of the diseases and whether NT-proBNP is a reliable biochemical marker correctly indicates the severity of ACS. METHODS: Eighty-nine subjects came from CCU of Cardiology Department of People's Hospital Beijing University from October 2003 to June 2004 and aged 34-85 y (66.89 +/- 11.12 y). In this study the spectrum of ACS only included unstable angina pectoris (UA) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Patients with UA were separated into 3 groups by Braunwald classes and those with AMI were separated into 4 groups by Killip classes when their venous blood samples were collected. Plasma concentration of NT-proBNP was measured by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay. Data was estimated by SPSS. RESULTS: The concentration of NT-proBNP in patients with ACS was dramatically correlative with the severity of the diseases: with the upgrading of Braunwald classes, the concentration of NT-proBNP in patients with UA increased gradually; in patients with AMI it also raised gradually with the upgrading of killip classes; furthermore, the plasma concentration of NT-proBNP in patients with AIM increased much more than that in patients with UA when they are at the similar NYHA functional class. CONCLUSION: Plasma concentration of NT-proBNP in patients with ACS might be a reliable biochemical marker which can objectively indicate the degree of this diseases.

Acute Coronary Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of Chinese medicine education and training in China and Australia.

The similarities and differences between Chinese medicine (CM) education in China and Australia are considered in a detailed comparison of the five-year undergraduate programmes offered by the Beijing University of CM (BUCM), China and RMIT University (RMIT), Australia. BUCM is a specialist CM institution whereas RMIT is a technological university providing training in a wide range of professional areas. Both institutions are considered to be leading tertiary institutions within their respective countries. A brief account of the historical development of CM education in China and Australia is provided. We have compared the curricula and structure of the programmes and how they each address the development of essential graduate capabilities for competent and safe clinical CM practice. We have also considered the quality assurance processes and the requirements of external regulatory authorities. The curricula and educational objectives of the 2 programmes are broadly similar. Both institutions have established rigorous processes for managing teaching quality and ensuring appropriate graduates to promote evidence-based CM practice. However, there are differences relating to the healthcare systems of China and Australia and to the availability of teaching resources and clinical training facilities such as classical CM texts and CM hospitals. These differences present major challenges for the internationalisation of CM education. The findings of this study may facilitate the process of CM curriculum development in a global context.

Australia↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of N-ethyl perhexiline on His bundle electrogram in rabbits].

N-Ethyl perhexiline (NEP), a drug was synthesized for the first time by Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Beijing University. The effects of NEP on the A-V conduction and intra ventricular conduction were studied in the anesthetized rabbits by recording His bundle electrogram (HBE) and electrocardiogram (ECG). NEP 3 mg.kg-1 iv prolonged A-H, P-R and R-R intervals. When NEP 6 mg.kg-1 was given, the above changes became more significant, with A-H interval from 52 +/- 7 to 65 +/- 9 ms, P-R interval from 65 +/- 6 to 76 +/- 8 ms, R-R interval from 207 +/- 9 to 230 +/- 9 ms, and H-V interval from 19 +/- 3 to 23 +/- 5 ms. The effects of NEP were similar to that of perhexiline, but the effects of NEP on A-H and P-R intervals were stronger. NEP 6 mg.kg-1 iv antagonized shortening effect of nicotinamide 0.5 g.kg-1 on A-H interval in rabbits. When isoproterenol 10 micrograms.kg-1 was given 3 min after NEP 6 mg.kg-1 iv, the A-H interval prolongation induced by NEP was greatly inhibited. The results suggested that the prolongation effects of NEP on A-H, P-R and R-R intervals would be the results of its calcium-channel blockade.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Acute toxicity of dipfluzine and its effects on isolated vascular smooth muscle.

Dipfluzine (Dip) is a new derivative of cinnarizine (Cin) first developed by Department of Chemistry, Beijing University. Dip showed a dose-dependently inhibitory effect on both KCl- and NE-induced contraction in the rabbit aortic rings. It was more effective in suppressing the contractile response evoked by KCl than that by NE. Dip also inhibited the KCl-induced contraction in porcine basilar, coronary and radial arteries. Their pD2' values were 5.7 +/- 0.6, 5.4 +/- 0.4 and 4.6 +/- 0.5 respectively. The selectivity of Dip for vasodilation was proved by higher pD2' value of the basilar artery than that of the coronary and radial arteries, and this selectivity of Dip was more significant than that of Cin. The acute iv LD50 of Dip and Cin in mice were 37 and 36 mg/kg, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Selective vasodilatory effect of dipfluzine on vertebral artery in anesthetized dogs.

Dipfluzine (Dip) is a novel calcium antagonist first developed by Department of Chemistry, Beijing University. The effects of Dip on hemodynamics and vascular resistance in vertebral (VVR), coronary (CVR), and femoral (FVR) arteries were compared with those of cinnarizine (Cin) in anesthetized dogs. Dip iv decreased dose-dependently VVR at 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3 mg.kg-1, CVR at 3 mg.kg-1, and FVR at 1 and 3 mg.kg-1. The fall of VVR by Dip iv was more remarkable than that by Cin at the matching doses. The systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure and total peripheral resistance were temporarily reduced equally by both of them at 1 mg.kg-1 iv, while Dip and Cin produced no obvious changes in heart rate, cardiac index, stroke index, LVP, and dP/dtmax at all doses. These results suggested that Dip possessed a high selectivity at different sites of the vasculature and was a more potent selective cerebral vasodilator than Cin.

Animals↗