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Results for “Biological Science Disciplines”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

An open system network for the biological sciences.

A description of an open system, distributed computing environment for the Biological Sciences is presented. This system utilizes a transparent interface in a computer network using NCS to implement an application system for molecular biologists to perform various processing activities from their local workstation. This system accepts requests for the services of a remote database server, located across the network, to perform all of the database searches needed to support the activities of the user. This database access is totally transparent to the user of the system and it appears, to the user, that all activities are being carried out on the local workstation. This system is a prototype for a much more extensive system being built to support the research efforts in the Biological Sciences at UMC.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed1992

Challenges of space medical operations and life sciences management.

The Kennedy Space Center (KSC) has been the premier launch and landing site for America's space program since the early 1960s. Visitors are cognizant of space vehicles, processing facilities and launch pads which are treasured national resources. However, most are unaware of the unique organization which supports launch and landing activities and manages the center's occupational medicine, environmental health, ecological and environmental monitoring functions, as well as human and plant research programs. Management of this multifaceted organization can be complex because funding its different functions comes from a number of sources. Additionally the diverse disciplines of personnel present a special challenge in maintaining professional competencies while assuring efficiency in cyclical operations. This article explains the organization's structure and reviews some of its accomplishments.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1992

Using a database to analyze core basic science content in a problem-based curriculum.

As medical schools critically reevaluate their methods of instruction and as the number of innovative programs increases, the content delivered across disciplines must be carefully reviewed. However, few methods of content analysis have been applied to problem-based programs. In 1989-90 and 1990-91, the authors analyzed the distribution of basic science content in the 53 cases in the problem-based curriculum of Rush Medical College of Rush University. They developed a content vocabulary and created a database using a widely available computer software program. The content areas specific to each case were identified by faculty using the content vocabulary. To determine whether these content areas were actually identified by the students participating in the problem-solving sessions, the authors surveyed the 36 student participants in the classes of 1993 and 1994 and also interviewed the 15 faculty facilitators of the sessions. The surveys and interviews demonstrated that over 90% of the content areas identified by the faculty were actually covered by the students. The authors conclude that the database assists in their review of the curriculum for omission and redundancy. Other uses and limitations of this method are also discussed.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed1992

The effect of a multiple literature database search--a numerical evaluation in the domain of Japanese life science.

In literature database searching, we show that it is necessary to use plural databases for a more improved search. We also compare the results of a single database search with that of multiple database search in the domain of Japanese life sciences. We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE using the same search terms. There were some differences in the results, owing to differences in the journals and recording methods. We herein show some of the differences in the journals contained in both databases. Furthermore, we show the differences in the number of papers derived from the same journal. Next, as an example of a practical search, we selected some universities in Japan, searched both databases regarding papers published from these universities and then merged the results by hand. According to our results, only 63% of all papers were common to both databases.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of nuclear physics methods in life sciences in the USSR.

Analytical nuclear physics methods, as well as radioanalytical, X-ray, and radiometric techniques are widely used in the Soviet Union in life sciences studies. Main approaches to the study of natural materials by activation analysis, including bulk analyses, localized analyses, speciation, and in vivo experiments are described. Examples of applications in agriculture to increase protein content of wheat, to improve crop yield, and to enhance resistivity of cotton plants to diseases are given. Activation analysis is used in medicine for prognosis and study of processes of pathogenesis. Detailed information on trace elements is valuable in environmental studies, and general regularities in biogeochemistry may be clarified with activation analysis.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Applications of nuclear analytical methods in the life sciences as exemplified by recent research programs of the IAEA.

More than 300 research nuclear reactors are presently in operation in 56 countries, most of which are suitable for neutron activation analysis (NAA). Typical applications in the life sciences are exemplified by recent research programs of the IAEA involving the participation of institutes in 47 countries. Topics of interest include applications of NAA (together with XRF and PIXE) in occupational health, nutrition, and environmental studies, including analyses of solid wastes and aerosols. The IAEA supports such programs not only by providing funding, but also through quality assurance and information services.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed2026

Open and sustainable AI: challenges, opportunities and the road ahead in the life sciences.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has seen transformative breakthroughs in the life sciences, expanding possibilities to interpret biological information at an unprecedented capacity. To maximize return on growing investments and accelerate progress, it is urgent to address long-standing research challenges arising from the rapid adoption of AI methods. We review the erosion of trust in AI outputs driven by poor reusability and reproducibility, and highlight their impact on environmental sustainability. Furthermore, we discuss the fragmented components of the AI ecosystem and lack of guiding pathways to support open and sustainable AI model development. In response, this Perspective introduces practical open and sustainable AI recommendations mapped to over 300 ecosystem components and provides guiding implementation pathways. Our work connects researchers with relevant AI resources, facilitating the implementation of sustainable, reusable and reproducible AI. Built upon community consensus and aligned to existing efforts, these outputs will aid future policy development and structured pathways for guiding AI implementation.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1990

On the uniqueness of biological research. 1949.

The significance of the behavior of biological entities cannot be fully explained in terms of the physical and chemical processes upon which contemporary biological and medical research depends. The characteristic proper of biological entities is that they are systems marked by 'inwardness', that is, a capacity to interpret meanings in order to reach goals. The significance of this characteristic is given in examples from the author's morphological research.

Animals↗