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Continuous blood mass-density measurements were performed in anesthetized dogs and injections of 0.7-1.4 ml/kg isotonic saline solution were applied. The resulting density dilution curves were used to compute blood volume, total flow in the aorta and local flow in the coronary circulation. Blood volume calculations were compared with blood volume determined by Evans blue injections and a close agreement was found. Blood flow determined by density dilution was independent from the investigated sites of injection or sampling. We conclude from these results that small volume injections of isotonic saline solution can be used to determine blood volume and flow by density dilution. In addition to these findings, a marked retention of the injected fluid was observed. Possible mechanisms to explain this retention include albumin deposition in the endothelial pores and/or variations of blood viscosity and capillary pressure.
This paper describes a dynamic blood volume determination which is faster and more accurate than the classic method. The new method determines blood volume by means of the product of the mean transit time of the circulation and the cardiac output. The mean transit time is calculated from the body transport function. To examine the precision of the dynamic method the blood volume of 24 patients was determined in both the dynamic and the classical way, using radioactively labelled erythrocytes. The comparison of the two methods resulted in a correlation coefficient of r = 0.77. The dynamic method of blood volume determination will be helpful especially in risk patients to accurately determine the quantities of fluids to be administered.
OBJECTIVE: There exists no method so far for the determination of circulating blood volume as an important parameter of circulatory function widely usable under clinical conditions. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate whether identical distribution spaces could be measured by two methods for blood volume determination using sodium fluorescein (SoF) and radioactively labelled red blood cells (51Cr*). DESIGN: Comparative study. SETTING: Operating theatre, recovery room, or intensive care unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS: 35 patients undergoing abdominal, urological or vascular surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Simultaneous determinations of blood volume using SoF and 51Cr* in the intra- and postoperative period. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the calculated means of blood volume (4,445 vs. 4,407 ml), red cell volume (1,554 vs. 1,540 ml), and plasma volume (2,891 vs. 2,807 ml) for 51Cr*-vs. SoF-stained red blood cells. The coefficient of correlation between the two methods was r = 0.95. The mean percentage error was -0.6% between the two methods, the precision 5.6%. CONCLUSIONS: SoF-stained erythrocytes allow a determination of the same distribution space as the well-established radioactive method using 51Cr*. Therefore, SoF-staining may replace 51Cr* labelling of red blood cells for the determination of blood volume in patients.
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1. The blood volume of the mouse has been measured using (59)Fe-labelled red cells to determine the red cell volume and (131)I-labelled human serum albumin to determine the plasma volume.2. Values for the blood volume of 95.0 +/- 1.5, 96.3 +/- 2.7 and 84.7 +/- 1.2 ml./kg body wt. were found for CSI female, CBA female and CBA male mice respectively.3. A marked discrepancy was observed between the venous (cardiac) haematocrit and the whole body haematocrit.4. The blood volume of the mouse must be determined from the red cell volume and the plasma volume, measured using appropriate labels, and not from the red cell volume or the plasma volume using the venous haematocrit.
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