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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Influence of built environment on occupational health of women workers in tea plantations of India: a systematic review.

The built environment, comprising homes, buildings, roads, public spaces, infrastructure, land use, civic design, and amenities, has a considerable influence on occupational health. In India's tea plantations, where women comprise majority of the workforce, the built environment plays a crucial role in determining occupational health. The aforementioned point can be explained by the co-occurrence of living and working conditions, which often coexist in tea plantations, further resulting in vulnerabilities to the health of women workers. Therefore, to understand the influence of built environment on the occupational health of women workers in tea plantations of India, the present paper employs a systematic review using the PRISMA 2020 framework. In the first search, 421 studies were identified, of which 21 studies met all the inclusion criteria. A quality appraisal and risk of bias of the included studies have been undertaken. The results identified that musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the most prevalent occupational health consequence, affecting over 80 % of the women workers in Indian tea plantations, substantiated by a range of estimates in the studies reviewed. Gendered disparities in wage earning, self-autonomy, and dual responsibilities often lead to emotional distress, as delineated in minimal of the reviewed studies, grounded on self-disclosed or qualitative analysis. Further, deprived housing conditions and other facilities across the reviewed studies reflect institutional negligence. Therefore, by conducting a systematic synthesis of occupational health of women workers in the Indian tea plantation sector through the lens of the built environment, prior accounts have been extended. Addressing these issues is essential for safeguarding women workers, which will ensure the longevity of the Indian tea industry.

Female↗
PubMed2026

Neighborhood Hostility is Associated With the Relationship Between Park Proximity and Physical Activity Among Youth: National Evidence From Chile.

PURPOSE: Physical inactivity among youth is highly prevalent worldwide. Although proximity to parks and recreational facilities is generally associated with higher physical activity (PA), unsafe or hostile neighborhood environments may limit their use. This study examined whether neighborhood hostility moderates the association between access to recreational facilities and adherence to World Health Organization PA guidelines among Chilean youth. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 2024 National Physical Activity and Sport Survey of Chile, including 3,477 urban participants stratified into childhood (5-10 years), early adolescence (11-13 years), and late adolescence (14-17 years). Built environment exposures included perceived access to recreational facilities, a cumulative neighborhood hostility score (0-5). Logistic regression models were stratified by age group and adjusted for covariates. Interaction terms assessed moderation by neighborhood hostility, and causal mediation analyses were performed. RESULTS: Adherence to World Health Organization guidelines was low (41.9% in childhood, 43.8% in early adolescence, and 43.9% in late adolescence). Greater distance to recreational facilities was associated with lower odds of meeting activity guidelines. Higher neighborhood hostility was independently associated with lower PA levels. Among adolescents, neighborhood hostility substantially attenuated the association between proximity and activity. Mediation analyses indicated partial mediation, with effective park utilization emerging as the strongest mechanism, accounting for 21.8% of the association (p < .001), followed by psychological motivation (11.9%). DISCUSSION: Proximity to recreational infrastructure alone is insufficient to promote PA in hostile neighborhoods. Policy approaches should integrate infrastructure provision with strategies addressing neighborhood safety and promoting active engagement.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Profiler: an open web platform for multi-omics analysis.

MOTIVATION: High-throughput multi-omics technologies produce increasingly large and heterogeneous datasets that are difficult to analyze without advanced computational expertise. Existing bioinformatics tools are often fragmented or limited to specific omics types, hindering reproducibility and accessibility. There is a critical need for an integrated, user-friendly, and scalable platform capable of supporting multi-omics analyses across different data modalities. RESULTS: We present Profiler, an open-source, modular platform that unifies data import, quality control, preprocessing, statistical testing, machine and deep learning, biomarker discovery, pathway and drug-target enrichment, and survival modeling within a single reproducible environment. Built in Python with Streamlit, Profiler is available as both a web-based platform deployed on high-performance computing and a desktop version for local execution, enabling flexible usage across computational infrastructures. Profiler supports diverse omics modalities, including proteomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, and electroencephalogram data. Through applications to glioblastoma proteomic, pancancer, and multi-omics datasets, Profiler reproduced known molecular subtypes, revealed potential therapeutic targets, and generated fully traceable analysis reports within minutes. By integrating advanced analytics behind an intuitive interface, Profiler democratizes multi-omics analysis and provides a robust, scalable foundation for systems biology and precision medicine research. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: Profiler is open-source and freely available via its web platform (https://prism-profiler.univ-lille.fr) and GitHub (web version: https://github.com/yanisZirem/Profiler_v1_requests_datatests, desktop version: https://github.com/yanisZirem/prism-profiler), and archived on Zenodo (DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17478158).

Software↗
PubMed2026

Urban Design Quality and Clinical Mental Health: A Systematic Review.

ObjectivesThis systematic review synthesizes empirical evidence on core urban design dimensions that affect clinical mental health outcomes and examines how environmental exposures mediate or moderate these relationships.BackgroundUrban design has increasingly been recognized as a determinant of psychological well-being, yet a standardized framework to evaluate its mental health impact remains underdeveloped.MethodsFollowing PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we systematically reviewed 19 quantitative empirical studies published through January 2025, examining relationships between outdoor urban design features and validated clinical mental health indicators across four major databases.ResultsFindings reveal that urban design influences clinical mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, stress, cognitive decline) through two objective spatial scales: street-level features (imageability, enclosure, human scale, complexity) and neighborhood environments (land use mix, density, green infrastructure). Environmental exposures (traffic, noise, air pollution) operate as perceptual and experiential mechanisms that mediate or moderate the mental health effects of these spatial design features.ConclusionsWe propose an integrated three-domain conceptual framework distinguishing objective spatial design scales from subjective exposure mechanisms. This framework provides evidence-based guidance for urban planners and policymakers toward creating mentally healthier urban environments.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Development of apparatus to measure calcium changes in the forearm and spine by neutron activation analysis using californium-252.

Techniques were developed to measure small changes of calcium in the forearm and spine in vivo by neutron activation analysis using two sources of 252Cf in a hospital environment. Using purpose-built part-body counters and bilateral irradiation with 7.5 cm premoderation between the sources and the bone, peripheral bone was measured with a total source strength eventually as low as 50 mCi. Two methods of spectral analysis were used and compared. Patient studies of the forearm were successfully undertaken, with a precision of 2.6% which included patient movement, and an annual bone dose of less than 10 rem and skin dose of 35 rem from six measurements. Two 100 mCi sources were used for measurements of the lumbar spine. Care was taken to minimise the problems of non-uniformity of activation which are present using unilateral irradiation. Emphasis was placed on measuring the bodies of the vertebrae with adequate sensitivity and uniformity, and the spinous processes and arches with low sensitivity. A whole body counter was used for the bilateral detection of the induced activity. The precision of the method was 3.0% with an annual peak bone dose of 2.1 rem and skin dose of 18 rem from three measurements.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of AMP deaminase from skeletal muscle of acidotic and normal rats.

The deamination of AMP by AMP aminohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.6.) serves as the major source of ammonia production in skeletal muscle. It has been suggested that the ammonia may serve either in a buffering capacity to combat acidosis due to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during prolonged muscular activity, or as a substrate for glutamine formation which can ultimately be utilized by the kidney in adapting to metabolic acidosis. In view of this proposal, the properties of the enzyme obtained from skeletal muscle of acidotic rats have been compared with the enzyme from normal muscle. The specific activity of AMP deaminase in crude homogenates of acidotic muscle was not significantly different from normal levels. The enzyme from acidotic muscle was purified to homogeneity and was found to be identical to the enzyme obtained from normal muscle by the criteria of electrophoretic mobility, pH optimum, molecular weight, sedimentation coefficient, subunit composition, amino acid composition, monovalent cation requirement, substrate saturation, and inhibition by ATP, Pi and creatine-P. Thus, if the enzyme functions to prevent acidosis, the ability to respond to changes in the intracellular environment which accompany acidosis must be built into the structure of the enzyme normally found in skeletal muscle. Three lines of evidence strongly support this viewpoint: (a) the rate of deamination is approximately 2-fold higher at pH 6.5 than at pH 7.0, (b) the activity increases linearly with a decrease in the adenylate energy charge, and (c) within the normal physiological range of the adenylate energy charge, the enzyme is operating at only 10--20% of its maximum capacity.

AMP Deaminase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Notes on some self-induced diseases in prison communities].

The self-induced and simulated diseases in prison communities are numerous and not always easy to detect. This is, at any rate, a peculiar phenomenon that also involves other closed communities external to the prison environment, such as those of the large built-up areas, of the factories, of the schools, of the barracks, etc... As a rule, recourse is had, in the latter, to self-induction and simulation to achieve economic or absenteeistic purposes. In prison communities, self-induction and simulation are instead implemented in order to escape the rigours of the law and detention itself. It is an unquestionable fact, however, that nowadays this phenomenon is regressing, chiefly thanks to the coming into force of law No. 354 of July 26, 1975 on the penitentiary System, that is certainly determining radical improvements within the prisons.

Conjunctivitis↗
PubMed1977

[Problems of aged people in rural regions of the Swiss Canton St. Gall (author's transl)].

Based on the structure of the mountain population, the living conditions of the aged (in rural communities 11-17% are older than 65) are shown. By public planning and cooperation of private organizations a material security of the aged has been strived after and mostly reached in the last 15 years--with the tendency to leave the aged in his own house or at least in the environment of his native village. Homes for the aged were built--if possible in every community--on the basis of 50 beds in a home for the aged and 35 beds in a nursing home for 10.000 inhabitants (83% in nursing homes an 17% in acute hospitals with geriatric departments). The individual help for the aged: activation by offering common institutions, ingenious activity, non-public advice offices, household help is deduced and the planning for the coming decade mentionned.

Aged↗
PubMed2025

scnanoseq: an nf-core pipeline for Oxford Nanopore single-cell RNA-sequencing.

MOTIVATION: Recent advancements in long-read single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have facilitated the quantification of full-length transcripts and isoforms at the single-cell level. Historically, long-read data would need to be complemented with short-read single-cell data in order to overcome the higher sequencing errors to correctly identify cellular barcodes and unique molecular identifiers. Improvements in Oxford Nanopore sequencing, and development of novel computational methods have removed this requirement. Though these methods now exist, the limited availability of modular and portable workflows remains a challenge. RESULTS: Here, we present, nf-core/scnanoseq, a secondary analysis pipeline for long-read single-cell and single-nuclei RNA that delivers gene and transcript-level quantification. The scnanoseq pipeline is implemented using Nextflow and is built upon the nf-core framework, enabling portability across computational environments, scalability and reproducibility of results across pipeline runs. The nf-core/scnanoseq workflow follows best practices for analyzing single-cell and single-nuclei data, performing barcode detection and correction, genome and transcriptome read alignment, unique molecular identifier deduplication, gene and transcript quantification, and extensive quality control reporting. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The source code, and detailed documentation are freely available at https://github.com/nf-core/scnanoseq and https://nf-co.re/scnanoseq under the MIT License. Documentation for the version of nf-core/scnanoseq used for this paper, including default parameters and descriptions of output files are available at https://nf-co.re/scnanoseq/1.1.0.

Single-Cell Analysis↗
PubMed2026

PULPO: pipeline of understanding large-scale patterns of oncogenomic signatures.

SUMMARY: PULPO v1.0 is a novel; fully automated pipeline designed for the preprocess and extraction of mutational signatures from raw Optical Genome Mapping (OGM) data. Built using Snakemake and executed within an isolated, Conda-managed environment, PULPO transforms complex cytogenetic alterations, captured at ultra-high resolution, into Catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer mutational signatures (COSMIC). This innovative approach not only enables researchers to work directly from raw OGM inputs but also streamlines the traditionally complex process of signature extraction, making advanced oncogenomic analyses accessible to users with varying levels of bioinformatics expertise. By facilitating the integration of comprehensive structural variants (SVs) and copy number variants (CNVs) data with established signature catalogues, PULPO paves the way for improved diagnostic accuracy and personalized therapeutic strategies. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The pipeline is open source and freely available under the MIT License at https://github.com/OncologyHNJ/PULPO-v.1.0 and DOI in Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/17749097.

Software↗
PubMed2026

ZUP1 as a Novel Potential Oncogenic Driver and Prognostic Biomarker in Breast Cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is one of the main causes of cancer death in women globally. Identifying new predictive markers and therapeutic targets is important for improving patient outcomes. Zinc finger-containing U-rich RNA-binding protein 1 (ZUP1) is an RNA-binding protein containing a zinc finger structure that has not been systematically analyzed in breast cancer research. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study used data from 1,231 samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The ZUP1 expression in tumor tissues and normal tissues was compared. Its predictive value was assessed using survival analysis and regression models. Its biological role was explored through gene functional analysis. The immune cell analysis method was used to study the tumor immune environment, and the drug susceptibility database was used to predict drug responses. Predictive models were also built and validated. RESULTS: ZUP1 expression was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues. High expression of ZUP1 is related to advanced tumor stage and is an independent indicator of poor survival prognosis in univariate and multivariate analyses. Functional enrichment revealed that ZUP1 is closely linked to cell cycle progression, DNA replication, and the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated a significant negative link between ZUP1 levels and the abundance of resting mast cells and activated NK cells. Furthermore, high ZUP1 expression was associated with increased sensitivity to several targeted therapies, including Nutlin-3a and PD-0325901. A clinically applicable nomogram combining ZUP1 expression with key clinical factors (age, stage, T, N, M) was developed to predict 3- and 5-year OS with good calibration and discrimination. DISCUSSION: Our study identifies ZUP1 as a potential oncogenic factor and a robust independent prognostic biomarker in breast cancer. Its involvement in critical cellular processes and modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment highlights its potential as a novel therapeutic target. Functional experiments, including immunohistochemical staining and CCK8 proliferation assays, further supported the oncogenic role of ZUP1. The established nomogram provides a valuable tool for personalized risk assessment and clinical decision-making. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that ZUP1 is a novel multifaceted biomarker with significant implications for personalized treatment strategies in breast cancer.

ZUP1↗
PubMed2025

A Digital Tool for Clinical Evidence-Driven Guideline Development by Studying Properties of Trial Eligible and Ineligible Populations: Development and Usability Study.

BACKGROUND: Clinical guideline development preferentially relies on evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs are gold-standard methods to evaluate the efficacy of treatments with the highest internal validity but limited external validity, in the sense that their findings may not always be applicable to or generalizable to clinical populations or population characteristics. The external validity of RCTs for the clinical population is constrained by the lack of tailored epidemiological data analysis designed for this purpose due to data governance, consistency of disease or condition definitions, and reduplicated effort in analysis code. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop a digital tool that characterizes the overall population and differences between clinical trial eligible and ineligible populations from the clinical populations of a disease or condition regarding demography (eg, age, gender, ethnicity), comorbidity, coprescription, hospitalization, and mortality. Currently, the process is complex, onerous, and time-consuming, whereas a real-time tool may be used to rapidly inform a guideline developer's judgment about the applicability of evidence. METHODS: The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence-particularly the gout guideline development group-and the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network guideline developers were consulted to gather their requirements and evidential data needs when developing guidelines. An R Shiny (R Foundation for Statistical Computing) tool was designed and developed using electronic primary health care data linked with hospitalization and mortality data built upon an optimized data architecture. Disclosure control mechanisms were built into the tool to ensure data confidentiality. The tool was deployed within a Trusted Research Environment, allowing only trusted preapproved researchers to conduct analysis. RESULTS: The tool supports 128 chronic health conditions as index conditions and 161 conditions as comorbidities (33 in addition to the 128 index conditions). It enables 2 types of analyses via the graphic interface: overall population and stratified by user-defined eligibility criteria. The analyses produce an overview of statistical tables (eg, age, gender) of the index condition population and, within the overview groupings, produce details on, for example, electronic frailty index, comorbidities, and coprescriptions. The disclosure control mechanism is integral to the tool, limiting tabular counts to meet local governance needs. An exemplary result for gout as an index condition is presented to demonstrate the tool's functionality. Guideline developers from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network provided positive feedback on the tool. CONCLUSIONS: The tool is a proof-of-concept, and the user feedback has demonstrated that this is a step toward computer-interpretable guideline development. Using the digital tool can potentially improve evidence-driven guideline development through the availability of real-world data in real time.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Interaction and interdependence of somatic organism and psyche in childhood.

In order to clarify the interconnection and interdependence of the human somatic organism and psyche, their nature is discussed. The somatic organism is a specific morphological functional system, developing in every being. The psyche is a functional structure developing individually in the course of ontogeny, under the effect of internal processing influenced by the environment. The function of conditioned and unconditioned reflexes is discussed including the way in which the conditioned reflexes are built up on unconditioned ones. The mechanism is described, by which the psyche develops in the individual and how its functions manifest themselves. A concept is discussed concerning the structure of the human psyche, the system and nature of the conscious and unconscious functions. The personality is the manifestation of the interconnections and the formation into a system of the somatic organism and the psyche. This interconnection brings about the socialized humanization of the vital processes in man living in society. A concept concerning the essence of personality is discussed, emphasizing the "actual personality" and describing its structure. Clinical examples are given concerning the interconnection of somatic organism and psyche and the somatopsychic and psycho-somatic processes, and conclusions are drawn for the purposes of education.

Child↗
PubMed1975

An introduction to the study of medicine: phase I of the McMaster M.D. program.

"Phase I" describes the initial 11 weeks of study in the M.D. training program offered by the Faculty of Medicine of McMaster University. This three-year program stresses the responsibility of students for their own education, encourages self-directed learning using realistic biomedical problems, and offers little didactic instruction. Students are assigned to tutorial groups, and much of the educational thrust of the program is built upon interactions within these groups. Phase I is designed to allow students to adapt to a less structured environment, and intensive faculty support is available. The successes and failures of Phase I of the program were examined using a combined questionnaire and interview at various stages during the 11-week period. Not all program goals were satisfactorily measured, but those that could be assessed appeared to have been attained by most students.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching pedestrian skills to retarded persons: generalization from the classroom to the natural environment.

Little attention has been given to teaching adaptive community skills to retarded persons. In this study, five retarded male students were taught basic pedestrian skills in a classroom- Training was conducted on a model built to simulate city traffic conditions. Each subject was taught five specific skills involved in street crossing in sequence, viz. intersection recognition, pedestrian-light skills, traffic-light skills, and skills for two different stop-sign conditions. Before, during, and after training, subjects were tested on generalization probes on model and under actual city traffic conditions. Results of a multiple-baseline design acorss both subjects and behaviors indicated that after receiving classroom training on the skills, each subject exhibited appropriate pedestrian skills under city traffic conditions. In addition, training in some skills appeared to facilitate performance in skills not yet trained.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1976

Designing environments for mentally retarded clients.

An environment that stimulates the auditory, visual, and tactile senses increases appropriate behavior among mentally retarded clients and thereby reinforces their learning activities. The author describes several low-cost deisgn techniques for giving a more stimulating and personalized atmosphere to large, existing institutions; discusses design requirements for group homes for retarded and handicapped clients in the community; and summarizes design ideas to be incorporated in new facilities built for retarded clients. She describes the implementation of her design ideas on a unit for blind retarded clients at the Mansfield Training School in Connecticut.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1975

Community care for chronic mental patients: the need for a reassessment.

The release of chronic mental patients from the hospital to the community has been prompted more by political and economic considerations than by any planned treatment strategy. Large numbers of former patients have gone to live in privately operated boarding houses and nursing homes, where staff have had little experience with mental illness, and where conditions are not much different from the back wards of state hospitals of past decades. New models for caring for chronic, dependent patients should be developed; they should incorporate the precepts of an open social system and should be built around the needs of such patients as they themselves perceive them. To date, few state mental hospitals, have had the funding, staff, or support to adequately explore the possibilities of an optimal environment.

Aftercare↗