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Results for “CARDIA”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Body mass, tobacco and alcohol and risk of esophageal, gastric cardia, and gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma among men and women in a nested case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively assess the influence of body mass index (BMI), tobacco, and alcohol on the occurrence of esophageal, gastric cardia, and non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma, and to detect any sex differences that could explain the male predominance of these tumors. METHODS: A case-control study nested in the General Practitioner Research Database in the United Kingdom, 1994--2001. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI), including multivariate analysis. RESULTS: During follow-up of 4,340,207 person-years, we identified 287 esophageal adenocarcinomas, 195 gastric cardia adenocarcinomas, 327 gastric non-cardia adenocarcinomas, and 10,000 controls. A positive association was found between overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m(2)) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.22--2.30), and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (OR 1.46, 95% CI 0.98--2.18), but not non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma. The association between BMI and esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma were dose-dependent and seemingly independent of reflux. No strong sex differences were identified. Smokers, particularly females, were at increased risk of all studied adenocarcinomas, while no association with alcohol was found. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight increases risk of esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, while tobacco smoking increases risk of esophageal, gastric cardia, and non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma. The male predominance is not explained by sex differences in risk factor profiles of the studied exposures.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2006

[DNA repair gene XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and susceptibility to cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer: a case-control study].

OBJECTIVE: To study the association between genetic polymorphisms of XRCC3 Thr241Met gene and susceptibility to gastric cardia and/non-cardia gastric cancer, and to investigate the combined effect between genes and surrounding environment. METHODS: A case-control study with respective control group was conducted. Genotypes were investigated by PCR-RFLP. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odd ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals(95% CI). RESULTS: The frequency of XRCC3 CC, CT and TT genotypes were 43.2%, 46.5% and 10.3%, respectively in cardia cancer cases and 53.2%, 40.9% and 5.8% respectively in non-cardia gastric cancer cases while 59.6%, 35.1%, 5.3%, respectively in control group. Variated genotypes (CT and TT) increased the risk of cardia cancer after adjusting for potential confounders (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.07-2.90). On cardia cancer risks, there seemed combined effects between variated genotype and high rate of alcohol drinking, low intake of fresh vegetables and having chronic gastritis. Combined effects between variated genotype and smoking, having chronic gastritis were observed in non-gastric cancer group. CONCLUSION: XRCC3 variated genotype was one of the risk factors of cardia cancer while different risks of factors might exsit between cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer.

Cardia↗

PubMed2004

Cardia-type metaplasia arising in the remnant esophagus after cardia resection.

BACKGROUND: Specialized intestinalized metaplasia in the distal esophagus (Barrett's esophagus) is a recognized precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma, but its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the mucosal effects of esophagogastrostomy, an artificial interface between esophageal squamous and gastric oxyntic epithelium. METHODS: EGD was performed in 14 consecutive patients (median age 63 years, range 26-71 years) who had undergone esophagogastrostomy from 3 to 88 months earlier. Biopsy specimens were obtained in 13 patients from the anastomosis and, when present, columnar epithelium in the remnant esophagus. RESULTS: In 10 patients, EGD demonstrated tongue-shaped segments of columnar epithelium extending from 0.3 to 7 cm into the remnant esophagus. Biopsy specimens revealed cardia-type mucosa in all patients, whether at the anastomosis or proximally in esophageal segments of columnar epithelium. Magnification endoscopy of cardia-type mucosa visualized a long-oval, tubular, or ridged surface pattern. In 3 cases, complete intestinal metaplasia was observed within the cardia-type mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: The frequent transformation of squamous epithelium into cardia-type mucosa in the distal remnant esophagus after esophagogastrostomy supports the concept that cardia-type mucosa is a reflux-induced metaplasia that may give rise to the subsequent development of specialized intestinalized metaplasia.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of cardia cancer and non-cardia gastric cancer. A nested case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is an established risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. Potential confounding by socioeconomic factors has not been adequately assessed, and the magnitude of the relative risk in relation to gastric subsites, morphologic subtypes, sex, age, and follow-up time need further study. METHODS: We conducted a serologic case-control study nested within the Norwegian JANUS cohort. Between 1972 and 1986 serum was collected from 101,601 subjects who were followed up with regard to cancer development through 1992. RESULTS: Among 208 gastric adenocarcinoma cases, we found a strong positive association between H. pylori infection and non-cardia gastric cancer (odds ratio (OR), 5.15; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.83-9.37), and a statistically significant negative association with cardia cancer (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.20-0.77). Adjustment for socioeconomic factors and smoking did not materially alter the effect estimates. The association between the infection and non-cardia cancer was stronger for tumors distal to the angulus and tended to be stronger in women than in men. The results were similar across Laurén morphologic subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: These results strengthen the evidence of H. pylori infection as a risk factor in non-cardia gastric cancer. A negative association with H. pylori infection was found for cardia cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2003

Age-associated increase of codon 72 Arginine p53 frequency in gastric cardia and non-cardia adenocarcinoma.

PURPOSE: A common polymorphism of the tumor suppressor gene TP53 at codon 72 has been associated with human cancer susceptibility and prognosis. To examine the role of the polymorphism in the gastric adenocarcinoma, we examined 397 patients with or without the cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: DNA samples were extracted from archived gastric tumor tissues and/or normal tissues of gastric adenocarcinoma and noncancer patients. The TP53 codon 72 genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: The overall genotype frequencies for Pro/Pro, Arg/Pro, and Arg/Arg were 7.3, 45.1, and 47.6%, respectively. A significant stepwise increased frequency of codon 72 Arg p53 with age was observed in patients with gastric cancer, but not in noncancer patients (P = 0.01). Patients with gastric cardia cancer had a significantly higher frequency of homozygous Arg allele than those with non-cardia tumors (P = 0.03) or than noncancer patients. After adjustment for age and gender, a logistic regression analysis suggested that the risk for a p53 Arg homozygous patient to develop cardia cancer is 3.1 95% confidence interval, 1.4-7.3) times greater than for p53 Pro homozygous and p53 Arg/Pro heterozygous patients. No close relationship was observed among patient gender, tumor histological type, p53 protein expression, and codon 72 genotype distribution. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that codon 72 Arg p53 may be associated with a prolonged survival for patients who have had gastric adenocarcinoma, especially non-cardia adenocarcinoma. It may confer, however, a different role on patients who suffer cardia gastric adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1978

[Cardia function following Billroth I and Billroth II gastrectomy (studies on the significance of duodenal passage for cardia function)].

To clarify whether the duodenum is important to the regulation of cardia function, patients with B-I and B-II resections were investigated manometrically. A test meal can stimulate the LES in patients with a B-I resection almost to the same extent as that in healthy test persons. Symptom-free patients with the distal stomach resection and gastrojejunostomy (B-II) do not show this pressure reaction. Therefore, the duodenal passage could be of importance to cardia function. In patients with a transformation operation of B-II in B-I, because of postgastrectomy symptoms a stimulation of the LES cannot be achieved either before or after the transformation operation. We cannot presently clarify the type of the cardia regulation since the IRG levels measured do not explain this phenomenon.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Surgical treatment of complicated ulcers of cardia and sub-cardia].

Two hundred and two patients with ulcers of a proximal part of the stomach (17.5% of all patients with gastric ulcer) were treated. In 135 (64.9%) patients these ulcers were complicated: in 28 (20.7%) -- malignant ulcers, in 42 (31.1%) -- bleeding ulcers, in 53 (39.3%) -- penetrating ones. Surgery was performed in 142 (70.3%) patients. A high rate of complications dictates a need to reduce period of conservative treatment of such ulcers to 6 months -- 1 year. Distal and proximal resection of the stomach are main surgeries in elective surgical treatment of patients with benign ulcers of cardia and sub-cardia. In malignant transformation gastrectomy is the most preferable. Suturing is indicated in perforated and bleeding ulcers, and if it is impossible -- distal subtotal resection of the stomach.

Cardia↗

PubMed1990

[Reconstructive operation of the gastric cardia with cardiectomy and ileo-colon replacement of the esophagus, stomach and cardia in gastric cardiac cancer].

After having studied both the advantages and disadvantages of various reconstructive operations, an improved reconstructive operation, i.e. ileo-colon replacement of esophagus, stomach and cardia was performed to avoid regurgitation esophagitis after cardiectomy in gastric cardiac cancer. Twenty patients underwent such reconstructive operation. Clinical observation and measurement of intraluminal pressure in the upper digestive tract before and after operation showed that this kind of operation gave satisfactory short-term results, not only avoiding the regurgitation, but increasing the radical resection rate, reducing the other postoperative complications and improving the diet quantity intake also. This reconstructive operation is better than the traditional routine method and worthy of extensive use. Preparations before, during and after the operation, cooperation in manipulation during the operation are described.

Aged↗

PubMed1982

[Functional obstruction of the cardia and cancer localized in the cardia and esophagus].

The work is based on the experience with the exploration and treatment of 310 patients with the functional obstruction of the cardia which are found to have two pathogenetic forms-cardiospasm and cardiac achalasia. Errors in the diagnosis in the outpatient department were 38%. Causes of the diagnostic errors and the differential-diagnostic tables are given. Against the background of the continuous course of cardiospasm and cardiac achalasia there appeared carcinoma of the cardiac-esophageal localization in 2,5% of cases. All the patients subjected to operations or instrumental cardiodilatation who have gastro-esophagal reflux should be taken under special control with periodic endoscopic examinations.

Adult↗

PubMed1953