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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Release of cariostatic agents from a new buffering fluoride- and xylitol-containing lozenge to human whole saliva in vivo.

A new buffering lozenge (sucking tablet) was developed for patients susceptible to dental caries and erosion, in particular for those with reduced salivary secretion. As active ingredients this lozenge comprises of a combination of xylitol, fluoride, calcium, phosphate, zinc and buffering compounds. To test the lozenge's activity in vivo, the release of ingredients was monitored in 19 healthy subjects for 22 min after sucking the lozenge was completed. In subjects with a normal salivary secretion rate the lozenge caused only a slight stimulation of saliva flow, but a significant elevation both in salivary pH and buffer effect was observed. Furthermore, fluoride, calcium and phosphate were effectively released into whole saliva with peak values 2-4 min after use. The same salivary parameters were also quantitated after 1 month's regular use (3 lozenges/day) but no consistent long-term changes were found. Salivary mutans streptococci and total anaerobic microflora did not change significantly during the long-term use. The results show that the buffering fluoride- and xylitol-containing lozenge, which also releases calcium and phosphate, is active in vivo but its serviceability as a remineralizing agent, in particular for elderly patients with reduced salivary flow rate, has to be analysed separately.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Effect of copper co-crystallized with sugar on caries development in desalivated rats.

The purpose of the present study was to explore the effects of varying levels of copper incorporated in sucrose by co-crystallization on caries development in the desalivated rat model and to examine the retention of copper in the oral cavity and its influence on protein and carbohydrate composition of plaque. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were infected by Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 and desalivated when aged 26 days. Four groups were placed in a König-Höfer programmed feeder and received 17 meals daily at hourly intervals, and essential nutrition (NCP No. 2) by gavage twice daily. The control group (1) received meals of plain sucrose, and groups 2, 3, and 4 received sucrose co-crystallized with 300 ppm Cu2+(2), 150 Cu2+(3), and 75 Cu2+(4). After 3 weeks, the animals were killed, and blood was collected for determination of copper. The lower jaw was removed and sonicated in 0.9% saline solution. Microbial assessment and copper, protein and carbohydrate assays were performed for each animal. Smooth-surface and [sulcal] caries scores were: (1) 92.0[41.4]; (2) 6.1[34.2]; (3) 16.7[32.0]; (4) 24.0[36.0]. Copper in sucrose drastically affected the population of S. sobrinus when compared with the control. Also, Cu2+ sucrose groups had significantly more copper per unit of protein and carbohydrate in jaw suspension than the control group. Concentration of copper in the blood was apparently unaffected by any dietary regimen. It is concluded that Cu2+ in a range of concentrations (75-300 ppm Cu2+) when delivered co-crystallized with sucrose is an effective cariostatic agent. The co-crystallization of a cariostatic agent with sucrose may be an effective method to decrease the cariogenic potential of sucrose.

Analysis of Variance↗