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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Genotyping of bovine kappa-casein (kappa-CNA, kappa-CNB, kappa-CNC, kappa-CNE) following DNA sequence amplification and direct sequencing of kappa-CNE PCR product.

Genomic DNA isolated from blood and semen of dairy cattle with known kappa-casein (kappa-CN) genotypes was subjected to Southern blot hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using up to 14 restriction endonucleases. kappa-casein genotypes AA, AB and BB were identified using Hin dIII and Hin fI while genotypes with kappa-CNC and kappa-CNE were misidentified. Direct sequencing of the PCR product (kappa-CN EE) showed a substitution of guanine (kappa-CNA,B) by adenine (kappa-CNE) which creates a HaeIII restriction site. Therefore using PCR followed by Hin dIII or HinfI and Hae III digest allows discrimination between kappa-casein A, B and E directly at the DNA level.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Localization in the CNA of adrenoceptors which facilitate a cardioinhibitory reflex.

In dogs (pentobarbitone, 25 mg/kg) the brain was removed rostrally to the pons, leaving the cerebellum intact (decerebrate animals). In other animals the cerebellum was additionally removed (bulbar animals). In all animals beta-adrenoceptors were blocked by toliprolol (5 mg/kg s.c.). Angiotensin (0.025-0.3mug/kg) was repeatedly injected i.v. and the resulting maximal reflex bradycardia was recorded. Intracisternal (i.ci.) injection of clonidine, 0.5 to 1 mug/kg, in decerebrate or i.v. injection of 10 or 30 mug/kg in bulbar animals significantly facilitated the reflex bradycardia. This effect was antagonised by a subsequent injection of piperoxan 50 mug/kg i.ci. in decerebrate or 1 mg/kg i.v. in bulbar animals. It is concluded that the facilitatory action of clonidine is mediated by alpha-adrenoceptors within the medulla oblongata.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of the CNA trigger process for arousal from hibernation.

Ground squirrels (Citellus lateralis) produced three distinct types of thermogenic response during hibernation. These responses were evoked spontaneously as well as after stimulation produced by brief handling, or after microinjection of acetylcholine into the midbrain reticular formation. Type I responses were characterized by small magnitude and a slow (mean rate, 0.03 degrees C/min), variable rising phase. Type II responses were characterized by a smooth, rapid rising phase with a mean rate of increase of 0.11 degrees C/min and by an abrupt reversal of the rising phase within a restricted ceiling temperature band with a mean value of 9.4 degrees C. The third type of response, full arousal, was characterized by a return of body temperature to euthermic (nonhibernating) levels and by an early rising phase that was indistinguishable from the rising phase of type II responses. This indicates that the rising phase of type II responses and the duplicate portion of full arousals are produced by a common neuronal mechanism that functions as the trigger for arousal from hibernation, and that this mechanism can be spontaneously inhibited when increasing internal temperature reaches a hibernation ceiling level.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2026

sWGS Identifies a Copy-Number-High Subset of TP53-mutated Multiple-Classifier Endometrial Carcinomas With Adverse Clinicopathological Features.

TP53-mutated "multiple-classifier" endometrial carcinomas represent a diagnostically challenging subgroup within current molecular classification algorithms. Although these tumors are assigned to POLE-mutated or mismatch repair-deficient categories according to current ESGO/FIGO-based algorithms, their biological heterogeneity remains incompletely characterized. Herein, we retrospectively analyzed TP53-mutated multiple-classifier endometrial carcinomas identified through routine molecular profiling at our institution between 2022 and 2025 using an integrated histopathological, immunohistochemical, targeted sequencing, and shallow whole-genome sequencing approach. Copy-number alteration-high (CNA-high) status was defined as ≥5 large-scale genomic alterations, corresponding to copy-number gains or losses ≥3 Mb within a single chromosomal arm excluding whole-arm alterations. Among 33 analyzable TP53-mutated multiple-classifier endometrial carcinomas, sWGS identified 12 CNA-high tumors (36.4%) and 21 CNA-low tumors (63.6%). CNA-high tumors were more frequently non-endometrioid, high-grade, and advanced-stage according to FIGO 2023. They showed higher TP53 variant allele frequencies (VAF) and higher TP53 VAF-to-tumor-cellularity ratios. After a median follow-up of 12.8 months, recurrences (6/33; 18.2%) and disease-related deaths (3/33; 9.1%) were observed in the CNA-high subgroup, whereas no recurrence or disease-related death was observed among CNA-low patients. These findings indicate that TP53-mutated multiple-classifier endometrial carcinomas comprise biologically distinct subsets that are not fully captured by current 4-tier TCGA-based molecular classification and ESGO-based risk stratification. In this cohort, sWGS identified a CNA-high group with adverse clinicopathological features and clinical events suggesting a potentially more aggressive clinical course. Integration of genome-wide copy-number profiling may therefore refine the biological interpretation of TP53 alterations in multiple-classifier endometrial carcinomas and warrants validation in larger multicenter cohorts.

TP53↗
PubMed2026

Sparse Logistic Regression on Genomic Data for Prediction of Tumour Pathological Subtype.

The correct prediction of tumour subtype is critical for the treatment of cancer patients to maximise the chance of survival. The patients' genomic information, such as copy number alterations (CNA) profile, has increasingly become an important factor in the prediction to supplement the traditional pathological subtyping. The incorporation of the CNA information in a prediction model, such as logistic regression, faces two major statistical challenges: first, how to estimate the model parameters in the thousands and, second, how to deal with the correlation of CNA between genomic regions. To address them, we propose a sparse logistic regression model with random effects where some of its parameters are estimated to zero while the other parameters are non-zero. In effect, a variable selection is embedded in the modelling. To deal with the correlation of CNA across genomic regions, we extend further the model to incorporate an additional penalty in the corresponding likelihood function in the logistic regression. The results show that we can identify selected genomic regions that are informative to distinguish different tumour subtypes, while giving a good prediction ability. We illustrate the methodology using CNA dataset from a lung cancer cohort.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

Specific baroreceptor control of vertebral and cardiac sympathetic activity.

The effect of bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) on the activity of the vertebral and cardiac sympathetic efferent nerves was studied in gallamine-immobilized and artificially ventilated cats under chloralose-urethane anaesthesia. Electrical activity of the vertebral and cardiac nerves (VNA and CNA), their integram, arterial blood pressure and respiration were recorded. BCO led to an increase in VNA persisting throughout the occlusion period, while merely a transient increase took place in CNA. When blood pressure was kept at a constant level or the depressor nerves was transected, CNA responded to BCO with a lasting increase. Electrical stimulation of the central stump of the left depressor nerve inhibited CNA much more than VNA. It is assumed that the selective inhibition of CNA, after a transient increase, arises as a consequence of a rise in blood pressure, i.e. of consecutive aortic baroreceptor excitation.

Action Potentials↗