PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “CORNEOMANDIBULAR REFLEX”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1971

The corneomandibular reflex.

Seven patients are presented in whom a prominent corneomandibular reflex was observed. These patients all had severe cerebral and/or brain-stem disease with altered states of consciousness. Two additional patients with less prominent and inconsistent corneomandibular reflexes were seen; one had bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and one had no evidence of brain disease. The corneomandibular reflex, when found to be prominent, reflects an exaggeration of the normal. Therefore one may consider the corneomandibular hyper-reflexia as possibly due to disease of the corticobulbar system.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Corneomandibular reflex in ALS.

To clarify the diagnostic value of corneomandibular reflex (CMR) in ALS, the authors examined the prevalence of CMR and other pathologic reflexes in 42 patients with ALS and 110 patients with stroke. A total of 30 of 42 ALS patients had positive CMR. Compared with the patients with hemiparesis or pseudobulbar palsy after stroke, the ALS patients showed a significantly higher frequency of CMR but no other pathologic reflexes. CMR is a sensitive indicator of upper motor neuron involvement in ALS.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Clinical significance of the corneomandibular reflex.

Lesion site, etiology, and clinical signs were analyzed in 50 cases of unilateral or bilateral corneomandibular reflex. The reflex was seen most commonly in acutely ill patients with a reduced level of consciousness and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Large cerebral hemispheric lesions with secondary brainstem pressure, intrinsic lesions of the upper brain-stem or diencephalon, diffuse or metabolic processes (often accompanied by raised ICP), and involvement of corticobulbar pathways in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or multiple sclerosis (MS) were the most common settings where the reflex occurred. The sign is useful in distinguishing structural from metabolic processes in acutely comatose patients, localizing lesions to the upper brainstem area, determining the depth of coma and its evolution, providing evidence of uncal or transtentorial herniation in acute cerebral hemisphere lesions, and suggesting involvement above the spinal level in cases of ALS and MS.

Coma↗
PubMed1978

Recovery of communicative functions after prolonged traumatic coma.

Fifteen patients with prolonged coma after craniocerebral injury were observed for a year or more, and their communicative functions were evaluated. Nine of them showed a considerable degree of recovery, while 6 remained in a vegative state. Of the 9 with recovery, 6 showed complete recovery of semantic functions, while 3 remained with aphasic deficits. Eight out of these 9 remained dysarthric. Communicative recovery began as late as 5.7 months after injury, and it roughly paralleled recovery in locomotion and A.D.L. Restlessness and sweating were favorable prognostic factors. Excessive salivation, snout reflex, corneomandibular reflex, retractory nystagmus and stereotypic movements were unfavorable. The 8 patients who remained dysarthric showed marked diminution of their expiratory and inspiratory reserves, and of their forced vital capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Electrophysiological assessments of primitive reflexes in stroke patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the primitive reflexes by electrophysiological assessments and their correlation with the cognitive and physical functioning of stroke patients. METHODS: Electrophysiological studies of primitive reflexes including jaw jerk, snout reflex, glabellar reflex, and corneomandibular reflexes were performed in 38 stroke patients and 26 normal controls. Cognitive function of patients was assessed by Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) Examination and logical memory test. The Chinese Functional Independence Scale (CFIS) was used to evaluate the physical functioning and social domains of stroke patients. RESULTS: The presence rate of primitive reflexes was higher in stroke patients than in normal controls. Wave amplitude of snout and corneomandibular reflexes obtained from stroke patients was greater than those from controls. No definite difference in reflex conduction latencies was observed between the two groups. A regression relationship was noted between the wave amplitude of snout reflexes and the 3MS and CFIS scores of stroke patients. CONCLUSION: Primitive reflexes can be measured by electrophysiological assessments. The results may serve as an objective and useful parameter in evaluation of cognition and physical functioning of stroke patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Brainstem reflexes: electrodiagnostic techniques, physiology, normative data, and clinical applications.

An overview is provided on the physiological aspects of the brainstem reflexes as they can be examined by use of clinically applicable neurophysiological tests. Brainstem reflex studies provide important information about the afferent and efferent pathways and are excellent physiological tools for the assessment of cranial nerve nuclei and the functional integrity of suprasegmental structures. In this review, the blink reflex after trigeminal and nontrigeminal inputs, corneal reflex, levator palpebrae inhibitory reflex, jaw jerk, masseter inhibitory reflex, and corneomandibular reflex are discussed. Following description of the recording technique, physiology, central pathways, and normative data of these reflexes, including an account of the recording of recovery curves, the application of these reflexes is reviewed in patients with various neurological abnormalities, including trigeminal pain and neuralgia, facial neuropathy, and brainstem and hemispherical lesions. Finally, simultaneous electromyographic recording from the orbicularis oculi and the levator palpebrae muscles is discussed briefly in different eyelid movement disorders.

Blinking↗
PubMed1980

Three primitive reflexes in normal adults.

One or more of three primitive reflexes (palmomental, snout, and corneomandible) was elicited in 50.5% of 105 normal subjects in the third through the ninth decades of life. The reflexes appeared in a patterned fashion with advancing age. The palmomental reflex appeared earliest and was the most frequent reflex elicited at all ages. The snout and corneomandibular reflexes appeared at later ages and were elicited less frequently. The palmomental and snout reflexes often occurred alone, but the corneomandibular was elicited only when one or both of the other reflexes was also present. These reflexes appear to be normal phenomena in a significant proportion of the healthy population.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The diagnostic value of three common primitive reflexes.

Systematic attempts were made to elicit the snout, palmomental and corneomandibular reflexes in 50 young patients with prolonged traumatic coma, 50 elderly hemiplegics soon after their first cerebrovascular accident and in 100 normal age-matched controls. None was found significantly more frequently alone in brain-damaged patients than in age-matched controls. Only combinations of two or three reflexes showed diagnostic value in distinguishing between neurologically damaged patients and normal age-matched controls. Only the combination of all three was completely absent in the normal controls; this combination was found in 13% of the brain-damaged subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Spontaneous palpebromandibular synkinesia: a localizing clinical sign.

In the classical corneomandibular reflex (CMR), corneal stimulation elicits a bilateral eyelid blink and a brisk anterolateral jaw movement. We here describe 14 patients with a spontaneous palpebromandibular (eyelid-jaw) synkinesia (SPMS) in whom jaw movements, similar to those in CMR, regularly accompanied spontaneous eye blinks without an external corneal stimulus. Eleven of the patients with SPMS also had CMRs on corneal stimulation. Four patients had clinical and imaging evidence of brainstem lesions above the mid-pons, 5 patients had autopsy or imaging evidence of both bilateral cerebral and upper brainstem lesions, and 5 patients had clinical or imaging evidence of bilateral cerebral dysfunction. Topical corneal anesthesia administered to patients who had both CMR and SPMS blocked the CMR but had no effect on the SPMS. In patients with both SPMS and CMR, measurements of latency from onset of orbicularis oculi electromyographic activity to onset of lateral pterygoid EMG activity, and mandibular kinesiography of jaw velocity and direction showed that the eyelid-jaw synkinesias of CMR and SPMS had similar characteristics. We conclude that SPMS is pathophysiologically the same as the eyelid-jaw synkinesia of CMR and both synkinesias originate centrally, probably in the pons. In CMR, the jaw movement is primarily related to the blink rather than the corneal stimulus, but corneal stimulation may be necessary to overcome a higher threshold for expression of the synkinesia than in patients with SPMS. Like CMR, SPMS emerges in patients with upper brainstem or bilateral cerebral lesions and SPMS may therefore be a useful localizing clinical sign.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Three primitive reflexes in parkinsonism patients.

One or more of three rimitive reflexes (palmomental snout, and corneomandibular) was elicited in 63.8% of 58 parkinsonism patients in the sixth through ninth decades of life. The incidences of the palmomental and snout reflexes in parkinsonism patients did not differ significantly from the incidences in 60 normal subjects of similar ages. The incidence of the corneomandibular reflex in parkinsonism patients was approximately 2 1/2 times greater than the incidence observed in the normal subjects. The high incidence of the corneomandibular reflex in parkinsonism appears to be related to the disease, but the incidences observed for the palmomental and snout reflexes can be attributed to aging.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Release signs in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia.

Release signs have been described in both age-associated diseases and in the healthy elderly. We investigated the palmomental, snout, grasp, corneomandibular and glabellar reflexes in demented and non-demented Parkinson-patients compared to Alzheimer's disease and age-matched controls. The palmomental reflex and a persisting glabellar reflex were linked to parkinsonism irrespective of dementia and were found also in Alzheimer's disease. A corneomandibular reflex was observed more frequently in demented than non-demented Parkinson-patients and in Alzheimer's disease. The snout-reflex was present in nearly all individuals irrespective of diagnosis. Thus, various release signs react quite differentially to degenerative brain disease and dementia.

Aged↗