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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Correlation between magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) in ectatic coronary vessels.

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined as a dilatation of an arterial segment to a diameter at least 1.5 times that of the adjacent normal artery. The correct follow-up of ectatic vessels is hampered by the need for repeat angiograms. In this work we compared quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) measurements of the diameter of the proximal most ectatic part of coronary vessels, with corresponding measurements obtained by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) using both gradient echo and turbo spin echo imaging sequences. Fifteen patients (14 male), aged 45-65 years, with known CAE were prospectively studied. Two electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered pulse sequences were implemented for coronary magnetic resonance angiography. The first was a three-dimensional (3D), segmented, k-space gradient-echo sequence, employing a T2-weighted preparation prepulse and a frequency-selective, fat-saturation prepulse to enhance "white blood" (WB) contrast of the coronary arteries. The second sequence was an M2D dual Inversion Recovery (IR) Turbo Spin-Echo with a linear k-space acquisition scheme, providing "black-blood" (BB) contrast of the coronaries. All scans were carried out with the patient free breathing using a 2D, real-time Navigator beam, for respiratory motion tracking and gating. All patients underwent QCA, and the diameter of the proximal most ectatic part of each vessel was measured and compared with "white-blood" and "black-blood" MRA measurements. The average length of continuously visualized LM, LAD, LCx, and RCA by MRA was 2.5 +/- 0.3, 5.8 +/- 0.8, 3.9 +/- 1.0, and 7.2 +/- 1.2 cm, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between diameter measurements of the proximal most ectatic part of each vessel, obtained with WB and BB sequences. There was a close correlation between MRA and QCA measurements (r = 0.87, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed no systematic differences between the examined methods, over the whole range of vessel diameters measured. Coronary MRA is in close correlation with QCA for CAE detection. Magnetic resonance angiography, being noninvasive, may prove of significant value for the efficient follow-up of these patients.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nature of the correlation of the adrenergic reactions of the heart and coronary vessels in coronary circulatory disorder].

In acute experiments on dogs it was shown that under the conditions of a moderate (by 30 and 50%) decrease of the coronary blood flow, a quantitative and qualitative dissociations of changes in adrenergic reactions of the heart and coronary vessels to isadrin and noradrenaline occur--this was manifested by a distinct suppression of dilatational coronary reactions with a less pronounced suppression or even enhancement of adrenergic effects of the heart.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Evaluation of the proximal stenosis of native coronary vessels after coronary artery bypass grafting].

This study was designed to evaluate proximal native coronary stenosis (PNCS) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In 36 patients undergoing postoperative coronary arteriography, the PNCS bypassed with internal thoracic artery (ITA), saphenous vein graft (SVG) and right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) progressed in 9 of 23 vessels (39%), in 15 of 28 vessels (53%), in 4 of 11 vessels (36%), respectively. Stenosis of no grafted coronary vessels progressed in 3 of 26 vessels (11%). Twelve native coronary vessels (9: 99% and 3: 90% stenosis vessels) bypassed with grafts were obstructed. This study confirms that the PNCS progresses significantly by CABG just after the operation and that it tends to progress highly with SVG in comparison with arterial grafts such as ITA or RGEA. Because operative mortality for repeated CABG is approximately twice as high as that for primary CABG, it is important to decide whether early postoperative percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is needed or not, in considering of future graft failure and stenosis progression of the native coronary vessels by CABG.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Fibulin-2 expression marks transformed mesenchymal cells in developing cardiac valves, aortic arch vessels, and coronary vessels.

Previous studies showed that extracellular matrix protein, fibulin-2, is expressed during epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in the endocardial cushion matrix during embryonic heart development. Our current study revealed that, in addition to the cardiac valvuloseptal formation, fibulin-2 is synthesized by the smooth muscle precursor cells of developing aortic arch vessels and the coronary endothelial cells that are originated from neural crest cells and epicardial cells, respectively. In the cardiac valves and the aortic arch vessels, fibulin-2 expression shows robust up-regulation when the transformed mesenchymal cells migrate into the existing extracellular matrix. In the epicardium, epicardial cells produce fibulin-2 upon their migration over the myocardial surface and its expression persists throughout coronary vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Fibulin-2 is produced by the endothelial cells of coronary arteries and veins but not by the capillary endothelial cells in the myocardium. Thus, fibulin-2 not only uniquely marks the transformed mesenchymal cells during mouse embryonic cardiovascular development, but also indicates vascular endothelial cells of coronary arteries and veins in postnatal life.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Early ischemic lesion of the myocardium in a case of unusual developmental anomaly of the coronary vessels and coronary thrombosis].

An uncommon form of anomaly of coronary arteries is reported, similar to which had not as yet been published. A single right arteria coronaria was found having an only left branch with a thin vena-like wall, descending on the anterior surface of the heart. The lumen of the sclerotic right arteria was occluded by a thrombus at the point of origin of ramus descendens posterior. The cause of death was an acute cardiac failure, in which authors prescribe an important part to the anomaly of coronary arteries. Areas of myocard getting blood supply from the occluded arteria were investigated by the method of fuchsinorrhagia. Authors believe, that this reaction is suitable for the demonstration of the acute, early ishaemic lesions of the myocard.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1998

[Coronary vessel ectasia: coronary artery disease with a high thromboembolic risk].

Coronary dystrophy is characterized by the presence of successively stenotic and ectatic or even aneurysmal zones in the coronary network. The authors report a new case of coronary ectatic dystrophy presenting in with myocardial infarction. They review the literature and suggest the various aetiologies, the main one being atherosclerosis. The management of this particular form of atherosclerosis is dominated by the thromboembolic risk related to these aneurysmal zones responsible for myocardial infarction, justifying long-term anticoagulant therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Morphology of coronary vessels in coronary heart disease. An analysis of 930 coronary angiograms].

Coronary anatomy was analyzed in 930 patients who underwent coronary arteriography because of coronary artery disease. There was a slight predominance of single vessel disease, whereas double and triple vessel disease were equally distributed. A left main (LM) lesion was found in 5.2%, with an additional right coronary artery lesion in 3.3%. The left anterior descending (LAD) artery was involved most frequently, followed by the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex (Cx). The LAD demonstrated more often a proximal stenosis than the RCA and Cx. If the LM is associated with a RCA-stenosis then the LAD and Cx are involved more commonly, suggesting a more advanced disease in all major vessels. The analysis of ventricular function revealed a significant deterioration according to the number of diseased vessels. If the LM is associated with a RCA lesion, then the hemodynamics are similar to a 3-vessel disease, whereas isolated LM lesions are associated with good ventricular function according to the lesser degree of coronary sclerosis. The deterioration of the hemodynamics in correlation with coronary vessel involvement is significant, however due to the large standard deviations conclusions for the individual patient can not be drawn.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1985

[Median-term clinical development of patients with nonsurgical triple coronary vessel disease].

Patients with angiographic non-surgical triple vessel coronary artery disease are usually considered to have a poor prognosis. We studied the evolution of 110 consecutive patients (mean age of 54.8 years) who underwent coronary angiography between April 1979 and March 1983 and followed up for an average of 24 months after the investigation. There were 10 deaths during the study period, all of "cardiac" causes (5 sudden deaths, 1 cardiac failure and 4 myocardial infarctions). Ninety nine of the 100 survivors at the time the study was closed had a medical treatment (nitrate derivatives, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists, usually associated). The actuarial survival was 94 +/- 2.2% at one year, 87.3 +/- 3.5% at 4 years. The quality of life expressed in terms of angina and breathlessness was good on the whole, as only 16 and 10 patients respectively had Grade III angina and dyspnea at the end of the study. Lack of resources and a follow-up period which was too short to assess the mortality rate meant that we were unable to analyse the factors which influenced the prognosis in this group of patients. These results support those of recent studies showing a mortality rate of patients with angiographic non-surgical triple vessel coronary artery disease that does not exceed 3 to 4% per year; these results seem to have improved over the last twenty years.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Single vessel coronary disease. I. Differences in clinical and prognostic aspects and in surgical results in isolated lesions of the anterior descending branch and of other coronary branches].

This study includes 290 patients having a 75% or greater stenosis of a sinlge coronary vessel, divided into two groups: 205 cases with isolated lesions of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and 85 with a stenosis of the circumflex (CF) or of the right (RCA) coronary artery. The following data have been compared in the two groups: -- characters of angina; -- results of stress testing; -- extent of left ventricular contraction impairment; -- natural history of unoperated patients; -- surgical risk; -- long term survival of operated patients; -- effect of medical or surgical treatment on symptoms. Results were as follows: -- LAD patients had slightly more severe symptoms and lower exercise tolerance than CF and RCA patients; -- no significant differences were noted as regards left ventricular contraction; -- five year survival rates were only slightly different both regarding unoperated patients (80 +/- 5% survival in LAD disease group; 86 +/- 5% in CF and RCA disease) and operated cases (83 +/- 5% in LAD lesions, 86 +/- 7% in CF and RCA disease); -- surgical risk was relatively low in both groups; -- progress of symptoms after bypass surgery was very favourable. Based on these results, indications for surgery in single coronary vessel disease are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Does coexistence of involvement of the right dominant coronary artery differentiate clinical features of disease of the common trunk from disease of 3 coronary vessels?].

We have studied clinical and ECG stress features of 119 patients with left main disease and 113 matched patients with three vessels coronary disease. Clinical features and ECG stress test do not differentiate the two groups as a whole. Exercise time duration was shorter, ST criteria were more positive, and peak heart rate was lower in the subgroups of patients with left main and involvement of a right dominant coronary artery. However due to a large overlap these criteria do not seem to be clinically useful. In conclusion, in an individual patient angina and stress ECG criteria do not differentiate the patients with left main from those with three vessels coronary artery disease.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the readaptation of patients with triple coronary vessel disease unfit for by-pass surgery].

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of rehabilitation in 46 consecutive patients with triple vessel coronary disease, and unfit for by-pass surgery: there were 45 men and 1 woman (mean age = 58 years), admitted during the 3rd week of a myocardial infarction (N = 31) or following unstable angina (N = 15). The stroke volume (SV) is normal in 50 p. cent of the patients, but 15 p. cent presented as SV less than 0.30. 3 patients were unable to start their rehabilitation because of unstable angina (N = 2), or severe pulmonary edema (N = 1). Following 4 weeks of rehabilitation, comparison of the stress tests pre- and post-rehabilitation, reveals improved functional capacities (maximum level reached 103.6 +/- 27 vs 126.4 +/- 31; p less than 0.001, and an improvement of the ischemic threshold (82 +/- 32 vs 92 +/- 31; p less than 0.05). During the long-term follow-up (32.5 months), 4 patients died from cardiac complications (8.7%) and one from extra-cardiac reasons. Among the 41 alive patients, 58.6 p. cent were asymptomatic, 39 p. cent presented cardiac complications, one had a GI malignancy. The rate of return to work among the active population is 68.5 p. cent within a mean time of 1.7 months after rehabilitation. Overall, this study demonstrates the possibility of cardiac rehabilitation under medical supervision in patients with severe triple vessel coronary disease. The improvement of the functional abilities under stress conditions is obvious, enabling the patient to regain confidence in him/herself and improve his/her comfort.

Adult↗