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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Effects of calcium gluconate and calcium chloride on cardiocirculatory parameters in man (author's transl)].

In 44 patients with congenital or acquired heart disease, functional class II--IV NYHAC, the effects of calcium gluconate (10 ml 10%) and calcium chloride (10 ml 5.5%) on hemodynamics, inotropy and myocardial oxygen consumption were investigated during and immediately after cardiosurgical procedures. There was a significant increase in blood pressure, left ventricular pressure, total systemic resistance, cardiac index, stroke index, peak dp/dt and myocardial oxygen consumption as well as in arterial perfusion pressure during extracorporeal circulation due to i.v.-injection of either one of the drugs. The positive inotropic effects were more pronounced after application of calcium chloride. In emergency situations during anaesthesia or resuscitation, therefore, calcium chloride seems to be of more advantage than calcium gluconate.

Calcium Chloride↗
PubMed1990

Ionization and hemodynamic effects of calcium chloride and calcium gluconate in the absence of hepatic function.

Serial serum ionized calcium concentrations were measured before and after administration of either calcium chloride or calcium gluconate during the anhepatic stage of liver transplantation in 15 patients to determine the release of ionized calcium in the absence of hepatic function. When hypocalcemia (Ca++ less than 0.8 mM) occurred during the anhepatic stage, patients were randomly assigned to treatment with chemically equivalent doses of either calcium chloride (10 mg/kg, n = 8) or calcium gluconate (30 mg/kg, n = 7). Serum concentrations of ionized calcium and citrate, hematocrit, arterial blood gas tensions, acid-base state, and hemodynamic profiles were determined before and up to 10 min after calcium therapy. In both groups of patients initial similar and rapid increases in Ca++ (0.98 +/- 0.14 mM in the calcium chloride group and 1.05 +/- 0.10 mM in the calcium gluconate group) were followed by gradual decreases over the next 10 min. Measured hemodynamic values were similar in the two groups, and neither group showed improvement in cardiovascular function after calcium therapy, possibly because of the decrease in preload that occurred during the anhepatic stage. Equally rapid increases in Ca++ after administration of calcium chloride and gluconate in the anhepatic state suggest that calcium gluconate does not require hepatic metabolism for the release of Ca++ and is as effective as calcium chloride in treating ionic hypocalcemia in the absence of hepatic function.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Calcium chloride versus calcium gluconate: comparison of ionization and cardiovascular effects in children and dogs.

A randomized prospective study in both children and dogs compared ionization of calcium chloride and calcium gluconate. Five conditioned dogs under halothane anesthesia received calcium chloride (4, 8, 12 mg/kg) and calcium gluconate (14, 28, 42 mg/kg) intravenously. Ten children scheduled for burn wound excision and grafting received both calcium chloride (2.5 mg/kg) and calcium gluconate (7.5 mg/kg) injected through a central venous cannula. Ionized calcium was measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, and 10 min in the children, and 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, and 45 min in the dogs. The authors conclude that equal elemental calcium doses of calcium gluconate (10%) and calcium chloride (10%) (approximately 3:1), injected over the same period of time, are equivalent in their ability to raise [Ca++] during normocalcemic states in children and dogs; the changes in [Ca++] following calcium administration are short-lived (minutes); rapidity of ionization seems to exclude hepatic metabolism as an important factor in the dissociation of calcium gluconate; and equivalent rises in [Ca++] produced by calcium gluconate or calcium chloride resulted in equivalent cardiovascular effects. The authors feel that either form of calcium salt would be satisfactory if indicated during cardiopulmonary resuscitation or for the treatment of ionized hypocalcemia due to massive blood transfusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Roentgen patterns of extravasation of calcium gluconate in the tissues of the neonate.

Calcium gluconate is irritating to soft tissues and can produce tissue necrosis and slough; Radiographs of the part following extravasation initially show only soft tissue swelling. A variable pattern of soft tissue calcification then develops in one to three weeks, and gradually is completely resorbed over several months' time. The cause of the soft tissue calcifications may be quite puzzling, if the incident of calcium gluconate extravasation has been overlooked.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1977

Effect of calcium gluconate infusion on renin in the dog.

We have previously reported that infusion of CaCl2 into the renal artery of the dog inhibits renin release. To evaluate the possible importance of the anion delivered with calcium, similar experiments were performed in 10 dogs with equivalent amounts of calcium gluconate (0.3 mg. of Ca++ per kilogram of body weight per minute). The experiment consisted of three successive 15 minute control periods, followed by three 15 minute calcium gluconate infusion periods and two 15 minute recovery periods. During calcium gluconate infusion, mean serum Ca++, and ECa++, ENa+, and EFNa+ from the infuses kidney increased (p less than 0.005). Systolic blood pressure (142 mm. Hg +/- 8S.E.), renal blood flow (137 ml. per minute +/- 11 S.E.), creatinine clearance, and aldosterone excretion (12.0 ng. per 15 minute +/- 1.5 S.E.) did not change (p less than 0.3). Renal venous PRA (28.4 ng. per millileter per hour +/- 7.5 S.E.) decreased (p less than 0.014). The per cent decrease of PRA correlated (r = -0.70) with the per cent increase EFNa+ (p less than 0.001). Calcium gluconate had a lesser (p less than 0.01) inhibitory effect on renin than CaCl2, despite greater excretion of Ca++ and Na++ during calcium gluconate infusion. Taken together, the results indicate that Ca++ inhibits renin release, although the extent of the inhibition is modified by the anion accompanying Ca++. The effect of Ca++ on renin may be mediated by NaCl transport across the macula densa.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Hazards of calcium gluconate therapy in the newborn infant: intra-arterial injection producing intestinal necrosis in rabbit ileum.

Five infants received 10% calcium gluconate via umbilical artery catheters, which resulted in intestinal bleeding and lesions of the buttock, anus, groin, and thigh. The effects of intra-arterial calcium gluconate in two animal models were investigated. Injection of calcium into the aorta in the region of the posterior mesenteric artery resulted in immediate hyperperfusion of the descending colon; this may be an early hemodynamic response to injury in the area of colon supplied by this vessel. Injections into the arterial arcade of the rabbit ileum resulted in intestinal necrosis and villous atrophy. The use of umbilical artery catheters for administration of calcium gluconate is potentially hazardous.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Production of microliths and sialadenitis in rats by a short combined course of isoprenaline and calcium gluconate.

The relationship between microliths and sialadenitis in man is unclear, so an attempt was made to investigate it experimentally in rats with the use of isoprenaline and calcium gluconate either alone or combined. The acini of the submandibular and parotid glands of rats that were given isoprenaline were enlarged, and degenerate acinar cells were seen, with extravasated secretions in the submandibular gland. Similar changes were seen in the submandibular and parotid glands of rats that were given isoprenaline combined with calcium gluconate; in addition, ductal microliths with regions of atrophic sialadenitis were observed. The results suggest that there is temporary obstruction to the salivary flow after isoprenaline is injected, and in the rats that were also given calcium gluconate some of the stagnant saliva calcified to form microliths, which produced a lasting obstruction and obstructive sialadenitis. This supports the possibility that microliths, which are present in normal salivary glands of man, are a primary etiologic factor in sialadenitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of the renal effects of an intravenous calcium gluconate infusion in normotensive volunteers.

The effects on renal function of an intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate at subpressor doses have been investigated in a group of seven normotensive male volunteers. In the absence of changes in blood pressure, the calcium gluconate induced a significant increase in renal plasma flow and the glomerular filtration rate (P less than 0.01) with a significant fall in the filtration fraction (P less than 0.01). Both diuresis and natriuresis increased significantly (P less than 0.01), plasma renin activity fell (P less than 0.01) and the urinary excretion of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha (PGF1 alpha) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) increased (P less than 0.01). These results indicate that calcium infusion at subpressor doses has renal vasodilating, diuretic and natriuretic properties that appear to be facilitated by an increase in the renal production of vasodilatory and natriuretic prostaglandins.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The application of ferrihydroxamic complexes to photocolorimetric determination of drugs. Part 2: Quantitative determination of calcium pangamate (vitamin B15) and its calcium gluconate mixtures.

A quantitative method for calcium pangamate (Vitamin B15) and calcium gluconate determination, separately and in mixture, is proposed on the basis of the ferric hydroxamate procedure. The method may also be applied to the determination separately and in mixture, is proposed on the basis of the ferric of both preparations in mixture with various other substances which are not converted into lactone from in acid medium, and which the ferric hydroxamate procedure fails to develop.

Colorimetry↗
PubMed1992

Intravenous regional calcium gluconate perfusion for hydrofluoric acid burns.

We report a case in which acute digital hydrofluoric acid burns were treated with regional intravenous perfusion of calcium gluconate to relieve pain and protect from further tissue damage. This is the first documented instance of this technique being used. The conventional treatments for digital hydrofluoric acid burns all have their shortcomings; intravenous regional perfusion of calcium gluconate may be an effective method of treatment for digital hydrofluoric acid burns.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1975

Are there therapeutic indications of intravenous injection of calcium gluconate?

1. The action of i.v. injection of calcium gluconate on a) the release of catecholamines from the adrenals of cats and dogs, b) the adrenergic responses of circulation, nictitating membrane and spleen in cats, and c) the cardiac and circulatory response in dogs has been investigated. 2. Ca2+-effects mediated by release of catecholamines dominate in the cat, as do direct cardiac stimulating actions in the dog. 3. Ca2+-effects of therapeutic significance, if existent at all, could be assumed only with regard to an anti-anaphylactic effect of the catecholamines released by i.v. injected Ca2+.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Termination of second trimester pregnancy with intraamniotic administration of 16-phenoxy-omega-tetranor-PgE2-methylsulfonamide (SHB 286) alone and combined with oxytocin and calcium gluconate.

Midtrimester abortion was succesfully induced within 30 hours in 62 out of 90 patients by intraamniotic administration of 16-phenoxy-omega-17,18,19, 20-tetranor-prostaglandine-E2-methylsulfonamide. The Pg-analogue was tested in 5 groups of patients which received 1,2 or 3 mg. In group IV, 2 mg of the analogue was combined with oxytocin. In group V, 3 mg of the analogue was combined with 2.75 grams of calcium gluconate. The success rate was significantly influenced by the amount of the drug administered. Side effects were minimal. Multiparous women respond better to the therapy than nulliparous patients. The combination with oxytocin was more effective than the Pg-analogue alone and the combination of sulprostone with calcium gluconate was 87% succesful within 30 hours and 100% succesful within 36 hours.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

Respiratory insufficiency after intraperitoneal administration of Kanamycin: failure of calcium gluconate to reverse toxic effects.

A 47-year-old woman developed postanesthesia respiratory insufficiency five hours after an intramuscular injection of 0.5 gm of kanamycin and one hour and 40 minutes after peritoneal lavage with 1.0 gm of kanamycin. The respiratory insufficiency was not reversed by an intravenous infusion of 400 mg of calcium gluconate. This is the third reported instance of respiratory insufficiency after kanamycin lavage. Only one of the previously reported patients responded to intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate, despite the experimental evidence supporting its efficacy.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1975

Subcutaneous calcium deposition in the neonate associated with intravenous administration of calcium gluconate.

Nine infants who had severe local manifestations following intravenous administration of calcium gluconate are presented. The lesions appeared at the intravenous sites as firm subcutaneous nodules or areas of areas of inflammation with central softening and fluctuation. The interval between appearance of the lesion and calcium administration was 13 plus or minus 2.5 (mean plus or minus SEM) days. Five infants were treated with antibiotics and three of the five had incision and drainage. Roentgenographic evidence of subcutaneous calcification was seen in all cases at the time the lesions were first noticed. In two infants the entire cephalic vein was calcified. Induration and inflammation completely subsided in six infants, four of whom had follow-up roentgenograms showing complete resolution of calcification. A conservative approach in management is recommended.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1977

Effects of oral calcium gluconate on gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin concentration in man.

A single oral dose of 4-46 mmol calcium gluconate at pH 5-6 was administered intragastrically to 15 male volunteers without gastrointestinal disease. There was a significant rise in acid output from 30-90 minutes after the calcium was given compared with the basal hourly collection. The serum gastrin level 30 minutes after calcium administration was significantly raised, but no correlation could be demonstrated between the acid and gastrin responses. Serum calcium levels were unchanged throughout. An equimolar dose of magnesium sulphate had no such effects. This study suggests that the intragastric administration of calcium results in independent release of gastric acid and gastrin from the gastric mucosa.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of patients with postmenopausal and steroid-induced osteoporosis using sodium fluoride combined with vitamin D2 and calcium gluconate].

9 patients with postmenopausal and 5 patients with steroid-induced osteoporosis, mean age 57.9 +/- 7.76 years, were treated in the course of one year with sodium fluoride (Fluosen) in a dose of 45 mg/24 h in combination with calcium gluconate (2 g/24 h) and oil solution of vit D2 (2 mg/week). In the course of the treatment a considerable easing of the pains in the most affected parts of the skeleton was found and the height remained at the same level before and after the treatment. This correlates with the statistically significant increase of the serum levels of the total alkaline phosphatase and its bone isoenzyme by keeping a normal kalium phosphorous balance as well as with the x-ray data for retaining the bone changes liked with the osteoporosis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

[Sequential renal scintiscanning with 99mTc calcium gluconate. Possibilities and limitations].

The methods used in the study of the kidney are discussed and sequential scintiscanning is suggested as a means of supplementing purely morphological data with morpho-functional data. An account of the modalities employed with a variety of radio-compounds and reasons are proffered for the choice of 99mTc calcium gluconate. Results obtained with this method are described. These include the acquisition of information concerning the function and shape of the renal parenchyma and urinary tracts. Organic classification of the results will be dealt with in a later paper. It is felt that the method proposed is a valuable diagnostic aid with interesting possibilities in the study of diseases of the urinary apparatus.

Calcium Gluconate↗