SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Campylobacter jejuni”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Differentiation of Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter upsaliensis by a multiplex PCR developed from the nucleotide sequence of the lipid A gene lpxA.

We describe a multiplex PCR assay to identify and discriminate between isolates of Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter upsaliensis. The C. jejuni isolate F38011 lpxA gene, encoding a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase, was identified by sequence analysis of an expression plasmid that restored wild-type lipopolysaccharide levels in Escherichia coli strain SM105 [lpxA(Ts)]. With oligonucleotide primers developed to the C. jejuni lpxA gene, nearly full-length lpxA amplicons were amplified from an additional 11 isolates of C. jejuni, 20 isolates of C. coli, 16 isolates of C. lari, and five isolates of C. upsaliensis. The nucleotide sequence of each amplicon was determined, and sequence alignment revealed a high level of species discrimination. Oligonucleotide primers were constructed to exploit species differences, and a multiplex PCR assay was developed to positively identify isolates of C. coli, C. jejuni, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis. We characterized an additional set of 41 thermotolerant isolates by partial nucleotide sequence analysis to further demonstrate the uniqueness of each species-specific region. The multiplex PCR assay was validated with 105 genetically defined isolates of C. coli, C. jejuni, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis, 34 strains representing 12 additional Campylobacter species, and 24 strains representing 19 non-Campylobacter species. Application of the multiplex PCR method to whole-cell lysates obtained from 108 clinical and environmental thermotolerant Campylobacter isolates resulted in 100% correlation with biochemical typing methods.

Acyltransferases↗

PubMed1984

New, extended biotyping scheme for Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and "Campylobacter laridis".

A biotyping scheme using improved media and methods for the detection of hippurate hydrolysis, rapid H2S production, and DNA hydrolysis was applied to 1,826 cultures of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and "Campylobacter laridis" isolates from human and nonhuman sources. Four biotypes were identified among C. jejuni: 57.3% of the isolates belonged to biotype I; 36.0%, to biotype II; 4.0%, to biotype III; and 2.7%, to biotype IV. C. coli organisms were differentiated into biotype I (67.0% of the isolates) and biotype II (33.0%). All "C. laridis" isolates belonged to biotype I. The combination of the biotyping scheme with the serotyping of campylobacters provided additional epidemiological markers by further differentiating the serogroups by species and biotypes.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Advantages of peptide nucleic acid oligonucleotides for sensitive site directed 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detection of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter lari.

Traditionally fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has been performed with labeled DNA oligonucleotide probes. Here we present for the first time a high affinity peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligonucleotide sequence for detecting thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. using FISH. Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp, including the species Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter lari, are important food and water borne pathogens. The designed PNA probe (CJE195) bound with higher affinity to a previously reported low affinity site on the 16S rRNA than the corresponding DNA probe. PNA also overcame the problem of the lack of affinity due to the location of the binding site and the variation of the target sequence within species. The PNA probe specificity was tested with several bacterial species, including other Campylobacter spp. and their close relatives. All tested C. coli, C. jejuni and C. lari strains were hybridized successfully. Aging of the Campylobacter cultures caused the formation of coccoid forms, which did not hybridize as well as bacteria in the active growth phase, indicating that the probe could be used to assess the physiological status of targeted cells. The PNA FISH methodology detected C. coli by membrane filtration method from C. coli spiked drinking water samples.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Development of species-specific DNA probes for Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter lari by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting.

The application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting assays enables discrimination between species and strains of microorganisms. PCR primers aiming at arbitrary sequences in combination with primers directed against the repetitive extragenic palindrome (REP) or enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) motifs generate isolate-specific DNA banding patterns. Analysis of these PCR fingerprints obtained for 33 isolates of Campylobacter jejuni, 30 isolates of Campylobacter coli, and 8 isolates of Campylobacter lari revealed that besides generation of isolate-specific fragments, species-specific DNA fragments of identical size were synthesized. It appeared that these DNA fragments could be used as species-specific probes, since they are unique for the pattern which they are deriving from. The probes do not cross-react with amplified DNA originating from a large panel of nonrelated microorganisms. Moreover, these probes displayed species specificity, as they reacted with a single restriction fragment on Southern blots containing DNA from C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari and other Campylobacter species. This combination of PCR fingerprinting and probe hybridization results in a highly specific identification assay and provides an example of specific test development without the prior need for DNA sequence information. The principle of the procedure holds great promise for the rapid isolation of DNA probes which, in combination with a general PCR assay, may lead to efficient typing and detection procedures for a multitude of medically important nonviral microorganisms.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed2002

Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter coli in different ecological guilds and taxa of migrating birds.

A total of 1,794 migrating birds trapped at a coastal site in southern Sweden were sampled for detection of Campylobacter spp. All isolates phenotypically identified as Campylobacter jejuni and a subset of those identified as non-C. jejuni were identified to the species level by PCR-based techniques. C. jejuni was found in 5.0% of the birds, Campylobacter lari was found in 5.6%, and Campylobacter coli was found in 0.9%. An additional 10.7% of the tested birds were infected with hippurate hydrolysis-negative Campylobacter spp. that were not identified to the species level. The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. differed significantly between ecological guilds of birds. Shoreline-foraging birds feeding on invertebrates and opportunistic feeders were most commonly infected (76.8 and 50.0%, respectively). High prevalence was also shown in other ground-foraging guilds, i.e., ground-foraging invertebrate feeders (11.0%), ground-foraging insectivores (20.3%), and plant-eating species (18.8%). Almost no Campylobacter spp. were found in ground-foraging granivores (2.3%), arboreal insectivores (0.6%), aerial insectivores (0%), or reed- and herbaceous plant-foraging insectivores (3.5%). During the autumn migration, a high proportion of samples from juveniles were positive (7.1% in passerines, 55.0% in shorebirds), indicating transmission on the breeding grounds or during the early part of migration. Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was associated with increasing body mass among passerine bird species. Furthermore, prevalence was higher in short-distance migrants wintering in Europe than in long-distance migrants wintering in Africa, the Middle East, or Asia. Among ground-foraging birds of the Muscicapidae, those of the subfamily Turdinae (i.e., Turdus spp.) showed a high prevalence of Campylobacter spp., while the organism was not isolated in any member of the subfamily Muscicapinae (i.e., Erithacus and Luscinia). The prevalence of Campylobacter infection in wild birds thus seems to be linked to various ecological and phylogenetic factors, with great variations in carriership between different taxa and guilds.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Rapid identification of thermotolerant Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter upsaliensis from various geographic locations by a GTPase-based PCR-reverse hybridization assay.

Recently, a gene from Campylobacter jejuni encoding a putative GTPase was identified. Based on two semiconserved GTP-binding sites encoded within this gene, PCR primers were selected that allow amplification of a 153-bp fragment from C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis. Sequence analysis of these PCR products revealed consistent interspecies variation, which allowed the definition of species-specific probes for each of the four thermotolerant Campylobacter species. Multiple probes were used to develop a line probe assay (LiPA) that permits analysis of PCR products by a single reverse hybridization step. A total of 320 reference strains and clinical isolates from various geographic origins were tested by the GTP-based PCR-LiPA. The PCR-LiPA is highly specific in comparison with conventional identification methods, including biochemical and whole-cell protein analyses. In conclusion, a simple method has been developed for rapid and highly specific identification of thermotolerant Campylobacter species.

Australia↗

PubMed1997

Molecular discrimination between Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter upsaliensis by polymerase chain reaction based on a novel putative GTPase gene.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mediated DNA fingerprinting has resulted in the identification of a novel Campylobacter jejuni gene, encoding a GTPase protein. The gene, consisting of 383 amino acids contained semi-conserved GTP-binding sites (designated G-1 to G-4), that are characteristic for members of the GTPase protein superfamily. Remarkably, this gene from C. Jejuni appears to encode a member of a novel family of GTP-binding proteins, containing two separate putative GTP-binding domains, each comprising a series of semi-conserved GTP-binding motifs. Spacing between these motifs is highly conserved. Based on this novel gene, a general PCR strategy for the identification of C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari and C. upsaliensis was developed. PCR primers were deduced from GTP-binding motifs G-1 and G-3 of the first GTP-binding domain. These GTP-binding sites flank a variable region of precisely 117 bp in the four Campylobacter spp. that allowed the development of species-specific probes. This PCR-hybridization assay offers a novel tool for rapid molecular detection and specific identification of the thermophilic Campylobacter spp.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1999

Incidence of Salmonella, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Listeria monocytogenes in poultry carcasses and different types of poultry products for sale on the Belgian retail market.

From January 1997 to May 1998, 772 samples of poultry carcasses and poultry products for sale on the retail market in Belgium were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella spp., Salmonella Enteritidis, Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, and Listeria monocytogenes per 100 cm2 or 25 g. Poultry samples were contaminated with Salmonella (36.5%), C. jejuni and C. coli (28.5%), and L. monocytogenes (38.2%). In about 12.3% of the poultry samples, the L. monocytogenes contamination level exceeded 1 CFU per g or cm2. Significant differences in pathogen contamination rates of poultry products were noticed between the poultry products originating from Belgian, French, and U.K. abattoirs. Poultry products derived from broiler chickens running free in pine woods until slaughtering age (12 to 13 weeks) had a significantly (P < 0.05) lower contamination rate of Salmonella than poultry products from enclosed broilers slaughtered at the age of 6 to 8 weeks. A significantly (P < 0.05) lower pathogen contamination rate was noted for Salmonella, C. jejuni, and C. coli for poultry cuts without skin compared to poultry cuts with skin on. An increase in pathogen contamination rate was noticed during cutting and further processing. To diminish C. jejuni, C. coli, Salmonella, and L. monocytogenes contamination rates, hygienic rules of slaughter and meat processing must be rigorously observed. At the moment, zero tolerance for these pathogens is not feasible, and there is a need to establish criteria allowing these pathogens to be present at reasonable levels in the examined poultry samples.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Identification of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and campylobacter lari by the nucleic acid amplification system NASBAR.

NASBAR, an isothermal amplification technique for nucleic acids, was evaluated for the specific identification of Campylobacter jejuni, Camp. coli and Camp. lari. A set of primers and a probe were chosen from the 16S rRNA sequence of Campylobacter. The probe was hybridized in solution with the amplified nucleic acids of 12 Campylobacter species and nine other Gram-negative bacteria. The probe was shown to hybridize specifically to the amplified single-stranded RNA of Camp. jejuni, Camp. coli and Camp. lari in an enzyme-linked gel assay (ELGA). In a Camp. jejuni model system the combination of NASBAR and ELGA was able to detect ca 1000 rRNA molecules. The presence of an excess of Gram-negative bacteria did not influence the sensitivity of detection. A number of 6 cfu of Camp. jejuni, present in a total count of 4 x 10(6) cfu of Gram-negative bacteria, resulted in a positive hybridization signal.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1983

Serogroups of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter fetus defined by direct immunofluorescence.

Rabbits were inoculated with whole, formalinized Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, and C. fetus cells; the C. jejuni and C. coli immunogens were identified by their DNA relatedness at the species level to the type strains of C. jejuni or C. coli. The designation C. coli was not used among the other C. jejuni strains; they were classified as hippurate-positive or hippurate-negative C. jejuni. Immunoglobulin G was isolated from the antisera and labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. These conjugates defined 10 serogroups of C. jejuni, 2 serogroups of C. coli, and 2 serogroups of C. fetus. Of the 316 strains of C. jejuni tested, 258 (82%) were groupable; 173 were single-serogroup strains, and 85 were multiple-serogroup strains. Of the 226 strains in C. jejuni serogroups, 223 (98.7%) were hippurate positive; of the 27 strains in C. coli serogroups, 26 (96.3%) were hippurate negative. Five strains were equally reactive in immunofluorescent staining with a conjugate for a C. jejuni serogroup and a conjugate for a C. coli serogroup. A total of 58 strains of C. jejuni were ungroupable: 33 (13%) of the 259 hippurate-positive strains and 25 (44%) of the 57 hippurate-negative strains. All 121 strains of C. fetus tested were groupable as A, B, or A:B. The 14 conjugates used to define serogroups of C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. fetus reacted with the flagella but not the cells of other Campylobacter species and were negative on 256 other bacteria from 21 genera.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Cytotoxic and cytotonic factors produced by Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter laridis.

Complete toxigenicity studies were performed on 341 strains of Campylobacter spp., including 23 nonhuman isolates. Toxin profiles based on both cytotonic and cytotoxic factors were determined after analyzing responses in Vero, HeLa, CHO and Y-1 cells. Suckling mouse assays were consistently negative for all culture filtrates tested. Toxin-producing strains were frequently encountered among both the human and nonhuman strains of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, and C. laridis investigated. Strains isolated from outbreaks demonstrated parallels in serotype, biotype, and toxigenicity profile, although no clear association could be demonstrated. Biphasic culture conditions conducive to the production of both toxic factors were delineated for the propagation of test Campylobacter strains. Cytotonic effects of Campylobacter culture filtrates were determined in Vero and CHO cells, and cyclic AMP accumulation in cells exposed to these culture filtrates was compared with that in cells exposed to reference toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli. Partial neutralization of C. jejuni enterotoxin was demonstrated by using antitoxins to cholera toxin and E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin. No neutralization of C. jejuni cytotoxin could be achieved by using antitoxins to either Clostridium difficile cytotoxin or E. coli Verotoxin (0157:H7).

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Optimization of PCR-based methods for rapid detection of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and Yersinia enterocolitica serovar 0:3 in wastewater samples.

PCR-based methods were evaluated for their adequacy to assess the removal of pathogens from wastewater samples. For the development and optimization of the methods, samples were taken at two different sites from two different constructed wetlands. Campylobacter jejuni/coli and Yersinia enterocolitica serogroup 0:3 were selected as model pathogens and Enterococcus faecalis as a standard microbiological indicator. The chosen PCR protocols were optimized for wastewater DNA extracts in order to obtain high sensitivity and reproducibility independently of the background flora. All PCR protocols were successfully performed and reproducible with a background of up to 10(10) nontarget cells per reaction. Five cells of Y. enterocolitica, 50 cells of C. jejuni/coli, and 500 cells of E. faecalis per 100ml treated water could be detected. The method detection limit in the settled wastewater was higher: 200 cells per 100ml for Y. enterocolitica, 2000 cells per 100ml for C. jejuni/coli, and 20,000 cells per 100ml for E. faecalis. C. jejuni/coli and Y. enterocolitica PCRs were adapted to municipal wastewater, with higher loads of potential PCR inhibitors. Sensitivity was lower for this type of wastewater: 200 cells of Y. enterocolitica and 2000 cells of C. jejuni/coli were detected per 100ml treated wastewater, 2500 cells of Y. enterocolitica and 25,000 cells of C. jejuni/coli per 100ml settled wastewater. The developed PCR methods enable the detection of C. jejuni/coli, Y. enterocolitica serogroup 0:3 and E. faecalis within 12h. They show specificity, reproducibility and low detection limits for the investigated pathogens.

Campylobacter coli↗

PubMed1985

Serotyping of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter laridis from domestic and wild animals.

By using 50 unabsorbed antisera, we were able to serotype 272 (65.7%) of 414 thermotolerant campylobacters from wild and domestic animals, on the basis of heat-stable antigens identified by means of passive hemagglutination. Forty-two serotypes were recognized. The pattern of serotypes detected in the various animal species was compared to human clinical isolates by using the Czekanowski index (proportional similarity index). The highest degree of similarity to the clinical isolates was observed for the poultry isolates, followed by strains from wild birds, flies, and pigs (in order of decreasing similarity). The serotypes recovered most frequently from poultry (LAU 1 and LAU 2) were also most prevalent in Norwegian patients. In contrast, serotype LAU 35/44, the predominant porcine serotype, was never recovered from human clinical specimens. Flies captured in chicken farms and in piggeries harbored serotypes which were also commonly seen in chickens and pigs, respectively. Nine of the strains included in this study could not be ascribed to any defined species. All of these were resistant to nalidixic acid and did not produce H2S.

Animal Population Groups↗

PubMed1988

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter laridis from cats, dogs, pigs, and seagulls.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Rapid detection of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from clinical specimens using the polymerase chain reaction.

Seventeen Campylobacter strains isolated from 16 children hospitalised with acute diarrhea were analysed by in vitro enzymatic amplification using two sets of oligonucleotide primers specific for Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, respectively. Thirteen strains (76%) were identified as Campylobacter jejuni and four strains (24%) as Campylobacter coli. Subsequent bacteriological identification confirmed the identity of the same 13 Campylobacter jejuni strains and the 4 Campylobacter coli strains. Thus, these PCR methods enabled rapid and specific detection of all the Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains without any false-positive or false-negative results.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1983

Serotyping of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli on the basis of thermostable antigens.

Hippurate hydrolysis tests performed on the serotype reference strains of the serotyping scheme based on thermostable antigens under development for Campylobacter jejuni showed that 42 strains were Campylobacter jejuni and 17 were Campylobacter coli. Moreover, only four (0.2%) of 2025 hippurate positive Campylobacter jejuni isolates reacted in Campylobacter coli antisera and 12 (4.3%) of the 282 Campylobacter coli reacted in Campylobacter jejuni antisera. Evidently each species has its own array of antigenic specificities. Separate schemes for serotyping Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are advocated.

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Survey of chicken abattoir for the presence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli.

The genus Campylobacter is of great importance to public health because it includes several species that may cause diarrhea. These species may be found in water, food and in the intestinal tract of chickens. This study investigated the presence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in chicken abattoirs in São Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 288 samples of feces, feathers, scald water, evisceration water, chiller water, and the rinse water of eviscerated, not eviscerated and chilled carcasses were collected in six chicken abattoirs. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed in Campylobacter spp.-positive isolates using the gene HIP, specific for hippuricase enzyme from Campylobacter jejuni and aspartokinase gene, specific to detect Campylobacter coli. The percentage of positive isolates of Campylobacter jejuni was 4.9% (14/288). Isolation was greater in feces samples (22%, 8/36). One sample was positive for the species C. coli. In conclusion, the results indicate that it is necessary to improve quality control for Campylobacter spp. in chicken abattoirs.

Abattoirs↗

PubMed1988

Gene disruption and replacement as a feasible approach for mutagenesis of Campylobacter jejuni.

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are important causes of human enteric infections. Several determinants of pathogenicity have been proposed based on the clinical features of diarrheal disease and on the phenotypic properties of Campylobacter strains. To facilitate an understanding of the genetic determinants of Campylobacter virulence, we have developed a method for constructing C. jejuni mutants by shuttle mutagenesis. In the example described here, a kanamycin resistance gene was inserted into Campylobacter DNA fragments encoding 16S rRNA cloned in Escherichia coli. These disrupted, modified sequences were returned to C. jejuni via conjugation. Through the apparent process of homologous recombination, the kanamycin resistance-encoding sequences were rescued by chromosomal integration, resulting in the simultaneous gene replacement of one of the 16S sequences of C. jejuni and the loss of the vector. We propose that Campylobacter isogenic mutants could be developed by using this system of shuttle mutagenesis.

Campylobacter fetus↗