PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Capillary Action”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Immunogold-silver staining by capillary action.

The authors have developed an improved method for immunogold-silver staining of paraffin sections. Using a manual capillary action staining system, they were able to simplify the technical aspects of the procedure, permitting rapid processing of large batches of slides with better reproducibility. Background staining was decreased by use of buffers containing a detergent. The use of a light-stable silver reagent permitted greater control of the enhancement stage. The method yielded a high degree of contrast with negligible nonspecific staining. Sensitivity was comparable to that obtained with conventional enzymatic immunostaining. However, the authors noted that trypsinization of sections was rendered unnecessary for those antigens for which such pretreatment was usually required, and the need for special fixatives could be eliminated. The method was also applicable to immunostaining of frozen sections. Immunogold-silver staining by capillary action deserves consideration as an alternative to existing immunohistochemical methods in diagnostic histopathology.

Capillary Action↗
PubMed1992

Complete one-hour immunocytochemistry based on capillary action.

We describe a less than one-hour manual method for immunocytochemical analyses of B5 or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The method employs capillary action to sequentially apply, incubate and remove liquid reagents from apposed pairs of up to 20 glass microscope slides and allows for simultaneous immunocytochemical analyses of as many as 10 different antigens. The method described here uses a) positively charged glass slides to rapidly immobilize tissue sections; b) rapid deparaffinization techniques; c) multipurpose reagents; d) ethanol-enriched buffer washes to improve capillary action and reduce nonspecific background; e) a single broad spectrum streptavidin-peroxidase or streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase detection system that identifies most primary monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies; and f) specific immunocytochemical signal amplification by cyclic chromogen enhancement.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1958

Assay of the capillary action of flavanoid compounds in mice.

A method is presented for the assay of biologically active flavanoids by measurement of the reduction which these compounds cause in the sensitivity of the skin capillaries of mice to histamine. The assay is economical of time, space, and apparatus. Limits of error may be calculated from internal evidence. Time/effect relationships are also given for the capillary actions of rutin and hisperidin and for some of their derivatives.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

VACUTEX capillary action dressing: a multicentre, randomized trial.

This article describes a preliminary study comparing the effect of VACUTEX capillary action wound dressing vs standard protocol for the treatment of sloughy and necrotic wounds. The study was carried out over a period of 5 months. Randomization was computer generated and batches of trial numbers and dressing allocation were delivered to each of the three study sites, sealed in opaque envelopes to ensure blinding of allocation. A total of 35 patient participants were recruited (17 VACUTEX 14, standard protocol, three withdrew, one died). All participants gave their consent to enter the study. All participants were assessed and photographs were taken on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29. Nursing assessments of size, site, depth, severity, tissue type of wound and causation were collected, as were demographic factors including mental status, primary/associated medical history, weight, height, and ethnic origin.

Absorption↗
PubMed1996

Development of a novel immunohistochemical staining technique (PLATESTAIN technique) based on the capillary action principle.

OBJECTIVE: To improve the complex manual staining methods used in immunohistochemistry, the authors invented a glass plate designed to achieve accurate immunoreaction using the capillary action principle. MATERIALS: This plate has slightly elevated edges and provides five narrow gaps between the reactive surfaces and glass slides. Each reactive surface is treated with a hydrophobic agent, to allow uniform antibody diffusion. RESULTS: Seventy-five cases of control tissues, benign neoplasms, and malignant neoplasms were immunohistochemically examined with this plate, and the staining intensity was compared with that of the conventional three-step streptavidin-biotin technique. Using this device and biotin-long spacer conjugated secondary antibody, even diffusion of antibodies and reagents and sensitive reactions could be achieved, thus making immunostaining easier and more accessible. The hydrophobic agent produced no unfavorable results. Also, the technique greatly reduced the amount of antibody, reagent, and chromogen solution required. Antigen retrieval by microwave heating of tissue sections and immunostaining of sex hormone receptors and cell proliferation markers were also successful. CONCLUSION: This technique provides a great technical improvement in immunohistochemistry and eliminates the health problems and environmental hazards associated with conventional techniques.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1989

Immunogold-silver cytochemistry using a capillary action staining system.

An improved method for immunogold-silver staining is described. Rat monoclonal antibodies to T-lymphocyte surface membrane antigens were employed to demonstrate T-cells and their subsets in frozen sections of mouse spleen and in smears of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A capillary action staining system was used to perform all stages of the procedure, substantially reducing the technical effort involved, saving reagents, and improving reproducibility and control of batch staining. The use of a light-stable silver enhancement reagent simplified the development of the reaction product. Technical modifications were incorporated to obtain good preservation of tissue morphology when employing this reagent on frozen sections and to stabilize the reaction product. The improved immunostaining procedure was rapid, sensitive, and yielded better staining quality, with excellent contrast and minimal nonspecific precipitation of silver.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Possible role of capillary action in pathogenesis of experimental catheter-associated dermal tunnel infections.

An animal model of vascular-catheter-associated dermal tunnel infections was developed to study the pathogenesis of such infections. Bacteria inoculated onto entry sites of catheters into skin could be identified by culture and Gram stain on the tips of plastic catheters (4 cm from the entry site) within 1 h of inoculation, whether the animal was inoculated at the time of insertion of the catheter or 1 week afterwards. Histological examination of dermal tunnels revealed that the introduction of bacteria preceded the development of tissue inflammation. Bacteria on entry sites of percutaneous catheters moved rapidly from the entry site into the dermal tunnel along the external catheter surface, perhaps suspended in a fluid phase and propelled by capillary action.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of fine needle sampling by capillary action and fine needle aspiration.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) and non-suction fine needle sampling (FNS) were performed consecutively in 107 lesions from 100 patients. The quality of diagnostic material was assessed using a scoring system based on the cellularity and amount of blood in the smear. The total score in the FNS group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of FNA technique. The FNS procedure is less traumatic and equally cost effective and can be safely undertaken in liver, orbital and thyroid lesions. In lymph nodes, especially in children, FNS gives an excellent cellular yield. However, this procedure can not be advocated in cystic, bony and fibrous lesions.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

Effect of disc moistening method on Bacillus stearothermophilus disc assay zone diameters.

Effect of disc moistening method on the Bacillus stearothermophilus disc assay zone size was studied. Pasteurized homogenized milk was subdivided and three levels of US Pharmacopeial reference standard penicillin G were added. Disc assay filter paper discs were moistened using the standard capillary action procedure and a method incorporating the use of a 90-microliters micropipetter. Amount of milk sample absorbed by discs prepared by the capillary action method was correlated with disc mass. Variation in amount of milk absorbed by discs was significantly greater when discs were prepared by capillary action. Zone diameter means and standard errors across all penicillin G concentrations tested were not significantly different for the two methods. The 90-microliters micropipetter method is recommended as an alternative to the capillary action method.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Free radicals scavenging action and anti-enzyme activities of procyanidines from Vitis vinifera. A mechanism for their capillary protective action.

The scavenging by procyanidines (polyphenol oligomers from Vitis vinifera seeds, CAS 85594-37-2) of reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in the onset (HO degrees) and the maintenance of microvascular injury (lipid radicals R degrees, RO degrees, ROO degrees) has been studied in phosphatidylcholine liposomes (PCL), using two different models of free radical generation: a) iron-promoted and b) ultrasound-induced lipid peroxidation. In a) lipid peroxidation was assessed by determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS); in b) by determination of conjugated dienes, formation of breakdown carbonyl products (as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones) and loss of native phosphatidylcholine. In the iron-promoted (Fenton-driven) model, procyanidines had a remarkable, dose-dependent antilipoperoxidant activity (IC50 = 2.5 mumol/l), more than one order of magnitude greater than that of the monomeric unit catechin (IC50 = 50 mumol/l), activity which is due, at least in part, to their metal-chelating properties. In the more specific model b), which discriminates between the initiator (hydroxyl radical from water sonolysis) and the propagator species of lipid peroxidation (the peroxyl radical, from autooxidation of C-centered radicals), procyanidines are highly effective in preventing conjugated diene formation in both the induction (IC50 = 0.1 mumol/l) and propagation (IC50 = 0.05 mumol/l) phases (the scavenging effect of alpha-tocopherol was weaker, with IC50 of 1.5 and 1.25 mumol/l). In addition, procyanidines at 0.5 mumol/l markedly delayed the onset of the breakdown phase (48 h), totally inhibiting during this time the formation of degradation products (the lag-time induced by alpha-tocopherol was only of 24 h at 10 mumol/l concentration). The HO degrees entrapping capacity of these compounds was further confirmed by UV studies and by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, using DMPO as spin trapper: procyanidines markedly reduced, in a dose-dependent fashion, the signal intensity of the DMPO-OH radical spin adduct (100% inhibition at 40 mumol/l). The results of the second part of this study show that procyanidines, in addition to free radical scavenging action, strongly and non-competitively, inhibit xanthine oxidase activity, the enzyme which triggers the oxy radical cascade (IC50 = 2.4 mumol/l). In addition procyanidines non-competitively inhibit the activities of the proteolytic enzymes collagenase (IC50 = 38 mumol/l) and elastase (IC50 = 4.24 mumol/l) and of the glycosidases hyaluronidase and beta-glucuronidase (IC50 = 80 mumol/l and 1.1 mumol/l), involved in the turnover of the main structural components of the extravascular matrix collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Biflavonoids↗
PubMed2000

[Effects of Vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease on the capillaries: pathological actions and inactivation by alpha-macroglobulin].

Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic human pathogen causing wound infection and septicemia, characterized by hemorrhagic and edematous damage to the skin of limbs. When injected into the dorsal skin, an extracellular metalloprotease from this vibrio (V. vulnificus protease: VVP) enhanced the vascular permeability through activation of the Hageman factor-plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade and/or stimulation of exocytotic histamine release. Additionally, VVP caused the hemorrhagic skin lesion through disorganization of the vascular basement membrane layer due to specific degradation of type IV collagen, which is known to form the backbone structure of the basement membrane. However, injected VVP was quickly inactivated by a plasma glycoprotein, alpha-macroglobulin, at a molar ratio of 1:1. This glycoprotein was leaked from the capillaries by the actions of VVP, which resulted in in situ inactivation by physical entrapment. When VVP (45,000 Da) was incubated at 37 degrees C, a 35,000 Da fragment was generated by the autocatalytic removal of a 10,000 Da C-terminal polypeptide. This N-terminal fragment showed significant proteolytic activity, however, because of a markedly decreased affinity to the protein substrates, its permeability-enhancing and hemorrhagic activity was reduced to less than 50%. These findings indicate that the C-terminal polypeptide is not essential for but promotes skin reactions caused by VVP.

Animals↗