PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Cardiovascular Abnormalities”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Cardiovascular abnormalities associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Cardiovascular abnormalities were present in 11 of 48 (23%) patients with congeital diaphragmatic hernia. Cardiac abnormalities included congenital heart disease, compression of a major vascular structure, cardiac malposition, and abnormalities in pulmonary circulation. The differential diagnosis between isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia and coexisting cardiac abnormality may be difficult and may require echocardiographic or invasive studies. Mortality in infants with diaphragmatic hernia and cardiovascular abnormalities is 73% in contrast to 27% in those without cardiac abnormalities.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1991

Twenty-four hour blood pressure and heart rate profiles of diabetic patients with abnormal cardiovascular reflexes.

Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate profiles of 24 patients with diabetes were monitored in order to assess the effect of autonomic neuropathy on 24-h haemodynamic profiles. Eighteen patients had abnormal cardiovascular reflexes. Mean arterial pressure rose at night in six of the patients with autonomic neuropathy and fell by less than or equal to 5 mmHg in seven. In the remaining five patients with autonomic neuropathy and in the six diabetic patients with normal cardiovascular reflexes, the fall in nocturnal mean arterial pressure was comparable to that of 11 non-diabetic patients with essential hypertension. Median 24-h mean arterial pressure was similar in all four groups of diabetic patients. Prevalence of autonomic symptoms was not related to the change in blood pressure in those with autonomic neuropathy. Twenty-seven months after monitoring, three fatal and five severe non-fatal cardiovascular or renal events had occurred in four of the six patients with a rise in nocturnal blood pressure, compared with one non-fatal event in those with a small fall and no severe events in those with a pronounced fall (p = 0.02). Blood pressure rises at night in certain diabetic patients with abnormal cardiovascular reflexes and the nocturnal rise appears to be associated with a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cardiovascular abnormalities in infants prenatally exposed to cocaine.

This study utilized a historical cohort to examine the relationship between maternal cocaine use during pregnancy and the occurrence of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities. All neonatal drug screens performed at Boston City Hospital during an 18-month period were reviewed (n = 554); for 214 (39%) screened high-risk neonates, results of toxicologic screens were positive for cocaine, and 340 (61%) neonates had no detectable cocaine. We compared the occurrence of cardiovascular malformations and electrocardiographic abnormalities in these two groups. Matches were sought between these 554 infants and our pediatric cardiology data base, which consisted of inpatient consultation, outpatient consultation, and electrocardiography. Forty-nine patients had drug screens and were also entered into our cardiology data base: 25 had both consultations and electrocardiograms, and 24 had electrocardiograms only. The rate of cardiac anomalies among the cocaine-positive infants was significantly higher (relative risk = 3.7; 95% confidence interval: (1.4, 9.4)) than the rate of these anomalies among the cocaine-negative comparison group (65/100 vs 18/1000); the rate for cocaine-positive infants was also significantly higher than published rates for general populations of infants. Several electrocardiographic abnormalities, high-grade ventricular ectopy, and cardiorespiratory arrests were also noted in our study population. We conclude that cocaine exposure during prenatal life appears to predispose infants to structural cardiovascular malformations, electrocardiographic abnormalities, and, possibly, cardiopulmonary autonomic dysfunction.

Cocaine↗
PubMed1989

Abnormal cardiovascular reflexes in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux.

Using five non-invasive tests, abnormalities of cardiovascular reflex function were found in 20 of 50 patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux. Abnormalities of pupil cycle time, an index of non-vagal parasympathetic function, were found in only a few patients, implying that the cardiovascular abnormalities observed were not part of a generalised parasympathetic defect. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that an abnormality of vagal function may contribute to the pathogenesis of gastro-oesophageal reflux.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Twenty-eight consecutive patients of an average age of 63 years with intermittent claudication secondary to underlying peripheral arterial disease were studied for evidence of metabolic or other cardiovascular abnormalities and the results obtained were compared with those of 28 matched control subjects free of vascular disease. Patients with peripheral arterial disease had significantly higher levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, a greater incidence of ECG abnormalities, lipoprotein abnormalities, elevated serum triglycerides, and serum copper. The incidence of smoking and abnormal glucose tolerance, while higher in peripheral arterial disease patients, was not statistically significant. Hematocrit and serum cholesterol levels were nearly indentical in both groups of patients. Twenty-six of the 28 patiens with peripheral arterial disease had either a cardiovascular or a metabolic abnormality, indicating the high incidence of multisystem illness in this disorder. The epidemiologic data in peripheral arterial disease are similar to those in coronary artery disease but some measurements contrast sharply, such as the apparent normal level of serum cholesterol in patients with peripheral arterial diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cardiovascular abnormalities in the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.

Twelve of 13 patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome were found to have cardiovascular abnormalities: congenital heart disease in 7 of the 12 and isolated cardiomegaly in the others. No specific type of cardiac abnormality predominated.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of gastrin secretion in diabetic subjects with normal or abnormal cardiovascular autonomic function tests.

The serum gastrin response to a meat extract drink was measured in 16 non-diabetic subjects, in 40 diabetic subjects and 9 patients with positive tests for gastric parietal cell antibodies. Standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests were also performed in diabetic subjects. The test drink produced a highly significant rise in the serum gastrin concentration (p less than 0.001). Diabetic subjects with normal cardiovascular autonomic function tests had slightly lower stimulated gastrin concentrations than non-diabetic subjects. In diabetic subjects with abnormal cardiovascular autonomic function tests the distribution of gastrin concentrations after the test drink was bimodal. Eleven out of 20 had 45-min gastrin concentrations greater than 120 pg/ml, compared with 2 out of 20 diabetics with normal cardiovascular autonomic function tests and 1 out of 16 non-diabetic subjects (p less than 0.001). Much higher gastrin responses were found in 5 out of 9 patients with positive tests for gastric parietal cell antibodies. An increased gastrin response may be found in patients with abnormal autonomic function but its value as a marker is limited by the small amplitude of the change and by the significant prevalence of atrophic gastritis, in which much higher gastrin responses may be found.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The cardiovascular abnormalities associated with duplicated segments of chromosome 7.

Congenital heart disease is an integral part of many genetic syndromes such as the major trisomies 13, 18, and 21. Little information, however, is available with reference to the incidence of cardiac anomalies in the trisomy 7 syndromes. Two patients with partial trisomy 7q, one of whom had congenital heart disease, are presented. A review of the literature reveals incomplete description of the cardiovascular abnormalities in the majority of case reports of patients with this syndrome, however, when described it appears that there are no specific defects associated with trisomy 7p and 7q, but only an increased frequency of occurrence. Further clinical and postmortem data regarding details of the congenital heart defects associated with trisomy 7 is required to confirm this preliminary observation.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7↗
PubMed1978

Cholesterolemia and cardiovascular abnormalities in rats caused by copper deficiency.

The association of copper with cardiovascular disease and a possible involvement of copper in the metabolism of cholesterol prompted the study on hypercholesterolemia mediated by copper deficiency. Copper deficient rats were found to exhibit a highly significant cholesterolemia (P less than 0.001), and plasma cholesterol showed a significant correlation with hepatic copper concentration (P less than 0.03). Two copper deficient rats died with hemothorax. The hearts of copper deficient rats were hypertrophied with large areas of hemorrhage, inflammation and focal necrosis. Prominent subendocardial fibroplasia was evident in copper deficient animals. The myocardial arteries of copper deficient rats were normal, however, aortas showed large areas of distorted and depleted elastic fibers. The results are discussed in terms of a possible role for copper in cholesterol metabolism, and in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Cardiovascular abnormalities associated with human and rodent obesity.

Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, a direct link between these two states is difficult to establish, since obesity frequently occurs with other disease states such as diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have clearly shown that uncorrected obesity is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and compromised ventricular function. A number of rodent models of obesity have been studied in terms of cardiovascular adaptations. Cardiac function of the obese Zucker rat appears to be normal at a younger age. Only after several months is depression in cardiac function discernable. These animals are mildly hypertensive, but do not exhibit the characteristic increase in cardiac output associated with human obesity. A unique characteristic of JCR:LA-cp rat is that they develop atherosclerotic and myocardial lesions. Hearts from these animals will maintain normal function when perfused with physiological levels of calcium. At higher calcium concentrations, however, mechanical function becomes impaired. Dietary-induced obese rats exhibit many of the hemodynamic alterations associated with human obesity, but there is no evidence to-date that these animals will develop severe cardiac depression. Short-term weight reduction apparently has beneficial cardiovascular effects, but weight cycling may be harmful. Given the widespread occurrence of obesity, further studies are warranted to characterize the cardiac manifestations of this condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hypertension and associated cardiovascular abnormalities induced by chronic barium feeding.

Because high barium concentrations (2-10 ppm) in human drinking water have been reported to be associated with elevated cardiovascular mortality, hypertension and other cardiovascular effects were sought in rats chronically exposed for 1-16 mo to drinking water containing 1, 10, or 100 ppm barium. From weaning, female Long-Evans rats were kept in a "low contamination" environment and fed a diet low in trace metals. Their drinking water was deionized, fortified with 5 essential trace metals, and either 0, 1, 10, or 100 ppm barium was added. Indirect systolic pressure of unanesthetized rats was measured in triplicate at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 mo. Average systolic pressure increased significantly after exposure to 100 ppm barium for 1 mo or longer and after exposure to 10 ppm barium for 8 mo or longer. After 4 or 16 mo, barium exposure failed to alter organ weights or tissue concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, or potassium; however, both 10 and 100 ppm barium resulted in significant increases in tissue barium. Rats exposed to 100 ppm Ba for 16 mo exhibited depressed rates of cardiac contraction and depressed electrical excitability in the heart. Hearts from these maximally exposed rats also had significantly lower ATP content and phosphorylation potential, as measured by 31P NMR spectroscopy. Although the barium-induced increase in the blood pressure of rats was modest, comparable mild hypertension in humans would have major health implications.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Third Patient With Biallelic Variants in SMAD6 With an Overlapping Phenotype: Developmental Delays, Dysmorphic Features, and Cardiovascular Abnormalities.

SMAD6 encodes an inhibitory SMAD protein that modulates BMP and TGF-β signaling. Heterozygous pathogenic variants in SMAD6 have been primarily associated with aortic valve disease, radioulnar synostosis, and nonsyndromic sagittal and metopic synostosis. However, only two syndromic patients with biallelic variants have been reported in the literature. We report a 4-year-old girl with neurodevelopmental delays, dysmorphic features, complex congenital heart disease, renal asymmetry, and arterial tortuosity. Whole exome sequencing showed two homozygous SMAD6 variants of uncertain significance: c.161G>T (p.Gly54Val) and c.1A>G (p.Met1?). This is the third patient with biallelic SMAD6 variants associated with skeletal changes, more complex cardiovascular phenotype, facial dysmorphism, and novel arterial abnormalities. This suggests biallelic variants may cause a distinct and potentially more severe autosomal recessive syndrome. Functional investigation is needed to determine the molecular consequences of biallelic SMAD6 variants and to inform variant classification and mechanism. This report characterizes a potential unique genetic syndrome associated with biallelic SMAD6 variants, highlighting the importance of additional sequencing, vascular imaging, and multidisciplinary care coordination for these patients.

SMAD6↗
PubMed1992

Cardiovascular abnormalities in the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (Goldenhar syndrome).

We describe the phenotypic characteristics of 25 individuals with oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) and its variants, seen in Northern Ireland between 1969-1989, with special reference to cardiovascular defects. We report the type and prevalence of cardiovascular findings and also estimate the minimum prevalence rate of OAVS to be 1 in 45,000.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

The spectrum of cardiovascular abnormalities in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a 10-year follow-up in a five-generation kindred.

Clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic data were collected in a group of 228 patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and in another group of 146 unaffected members (NPKD) both comprised in a five-generation kindred followed for 10 years, in order to determine the profile and prevalence of cardiovascular derangement of the genetic disease. A family of 181 members was used as a control. The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in the three groups was 24, 14 and 6% respectively (p less than 0.01); after 10 years it increased up to 35, 26 and 13% respectively (p less than 0.05). The evidence of mitral-valve prolapse was more frequent in PKD and in NPKD group (25 and 20% respectively) than in control subjects (2%) (p less than 0.0001). Mitral incompetence was found in 30, 18 and 8% of those groups respectively (p less than 0.002). The large difference in mitral involvement did not change over time. Tricuspid valve prolapse was detected in 5, 4 and 1% of the three groups, respectively (p less than 0.05). A small increase in frequency was found after 10 years only in polycystic kidney disease patients. Regurgitant aortic lesions were present in higher prevalence in PKD (19%) and NPKD (17%) members than in controls (5%) (p less than 0.001). After 10 years they were 23, 20 and 8%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗