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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebrospinal fluid cytology in patients with brain tumors; a simple method using the cell culture technique.

A simplified cytologic method using the cell culture technique was employed in 71 cases with brain tumor. Neoplasitc cells were demonstrated in 17 cases (24%), that is in 11 out of 30 cases of glioma, four out of ten cases of metastatic brain tumor, and two out of 17 cases of meningioma. None of 14 other miscellaneous tumors proved positive. Identification of glioma cells could be easily made because they usually showed characteristic morphology and good proliferation in vitro. However, for other types of tumor, conventional methods were considered to be superior to the culture method because their exfoliated cells usually underwent rapid degeneration without showing characteristic morphology during the culture. Some of the illustrative cases were presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The r.b.e. of different-energy neutrons as determined by human bone-marrow cell-culture techniques.

The effect of X-rays and different-energy neutrons on human bone-marrow cells was studied using two different cell-culture techniques--diffusion chamber (DC) growth and colony formation in vitro (CFU-C). Based on the survival of proliferative granulocytes in DC on day 13, the D0 value was 80 rad with X-rays, and 117 rad as measured by the CFU-C assay. The D0 values for neutrons depended on the radiation source and the energy level. The r.b.e. values, which dropped with increasing energy levels of mono-energetic neutrons, were (i) 0.44 MeV; DC 3.7, CFU-C 4.1; (ii) 6 MeV; DC 1.8, CFU-C 2.0; (iii) 15 MeV; DC 1.6, CFU-C 1.6; (iv) fission neutrons; DC 2.6, CFU-C 2.4.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of biologic effects of dental materials using four different cell culture techniques.

The cytotoxicity of fresh and 1-day-old silicate cement, composite restorative material and zinc oxide-eugenol cement (ZOE) was tested using human epithelial cells (NCTC 2544) in four different cell culture systems: (1) 51Cr-release from prelabeled cells after incubation for 4 and 24 h in the presence of the materials. (2) Implanting the materials on an agar everlay and visualizing any cytotoxic effects after 24 h by neutral red vital stain. (3) Cell growth during 5 d in the presence of the materials. (4) Colony-forming ability after exposure of the cells for 30 min to medium previously incubated with the materials for 24 h. Freshly prepared and 1-day-old ZOE exhibited a prominent cytotoxic effect in all four systems. A less marked effect was found for the composite material in systems 2, 3, and 4, while silicate cement appeared to be the least toxic material in these three systems. Neither silicate cement nor composite showed any cytotoxic effect in system 1 based on 51Cr-release. It is concluded that the effects obtained by the cell culture techniques did not mimic the reactions obtained when the materials are tested under conditions which reflect their clinical use.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1977

Biologic evaluation of filling materials. A comparison of results using cell culture techniques, implantation tests and pulp studies.

The paper presents a comparison of results from cell culture studies, implantation tests and pulp studies using silicate cement, composite material and zinc oxide/eugenol cement. The three techniques allow differentiation between reactions produced by the materials, but a poor correlation exists between the results from the different techniques. This information is considered important for a selection of techniques for biologic testing of dental materials.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Natural infection of pigs with bovine viral diarrhea virus and its differential diagnosis from hog cholera.

Natural infection of pigs with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) through contact with infected cattle has caused problems in diagnosing hog cholera (HC). Low cross-reacting serum antibody titers against HC caused by BVDV infection were found in clinically normal pigs as well as those suspected of having HC. Bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from specimen tissues and initially identified as HC virus (HCV), using the fluorescent antibody cell culture technique. Additional cell cultures, as well as pig and calf trials, were necessary to identify it as BVDV. The isolate caused clinical signs of illness in the calves, whereas the pigs remained healthy. Bovine viral diarrhea virus may be detected in tissue sections or isolated in cell cultures and confirmed as HCV, using the HC fluorescent antibody conjugate. Laboratories performing the neutralization test for HC should use discretion when interpreting HC titers unless BVD titers are determined on the same serums.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Improved technique for electron microscopy of cultured cells.

A number of techniques are presented which precise selection and efficient preparation of individual cultured cells for electron microscopy. Techniques described include marking of the living and embedded cells, drilling and mounting cores of embedded material, and improved technique for marking of the selected area on the block face before trimming.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1977

[Short and long term behaviour of pleural effusion cultures. (Report of 200 cases) (author's transl)].

Pleural effusions from 200 patients with benign or malignant pleural involvement have been cultured in vitro and observed from 48 hours to 9 months. The morphology and "social behavior" of the different types of cells are described. Mesothelial cells settle down quickly and come into contact with each other by long cytoplasmic processes. The tendency of epithelial malignant cells is to clump and grow in clusters. These "balls" of varying size are freed into the culture medium. Similar clusters may be found in benign effusions showing mesothelial hyperplasia. In case of malignant primary tumor of the pleura, the morphology of cultured cells is similar to that of mesothelial cells. In 3 cases, typical malignant epithelial cells have allowed us to discard the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Discrepancies between conventional cytology and cell culture were found in 13 cases: in 6 cases, positive for malignant cells using conventional cytology, cell culture was negative. In 7 cases with negative routine techniques, cell culture disclosed malignant cells. Large multinucleated syncytia were observed in 15 cultures. They suggest a cytopathic effect similar to that seen in myxovirus infected cells. Correlation with the etiology of pleural effusions in these cases is described.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1978

Mouse spleen lymphoblasts generated in vitro. Recovery in high yield and purity after floatation in dense bovine plasma albumin solutions.

Mouse spleen lymphoblasts, stimulated to divide in vitro, acquired a low cell density and could be separated by isopycnic techniques. Cultured cells were suspended in BPA columns, rho = 1.080, and spun to equilibrium. The method was simple, fast, accomodated large numbers of cells, and was reproducible. It provided lymphoblasts in high yield and purity (at least 80% of the low density cells were blasts). It allowed for the recovery of proliferating cells in their first cell cycle, and did not alter the subsequent ability of cells to proliferate when recultured in vitro. Certain properties of mouse spleen lymphoblasts were analyzed in detail. Lymphoblasts induced by LPS, FCS, con A (tetravalent and succinylated), and MLC were very similar except in the absolute numbers that were induced. The blasts exhibited the classic cytologic features of enlarged nucleoli and abundant cytoplasmic polyribosomes (basophilia). As a population, they were enlarged in size relative to nondividing cells, but this seemed to apply primarily to cells in the S and G2+ M phase of the cell cycle rather than G1. The cell cycle distribution of lymphoblasts was analyzed by flow microfluorometry. By analyzing low density cells obtained at varying intervals after mitogen stimulation, FMF indicated that lymphoblasts enter the S phase of their first cell cycle beginning at 20-24 h after stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Characteristics of noncultivable adenoviruses associated with diarrhea in infants: a new subgroup of human adenoviruses.

Virus particles morphologically resembling adenovirus were found in fecal specimens from infants and were examined for cultivability with standard cell culture techniques and for characteristics of human adenoviruses. Specimens from 13 of 15 infants could not be cultivated in cell cultures. The two adenoviruses that were cultivated, types 1 and 31, reacted in the expected manner in all tests. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis with group-specific anti-hexon serum confirmed that the observed particles in the 15 specimens were human adenoviruses. The buoyant density in sucrose of five of the noncultivable adenoviruses in original stool suspensions averaged 1.335 g/cm(3) and that of the two cultivable ones averaged 1.332 g/cm(3); both groups had typical adenovirus morphology by electron microscopy. Treatment of the specimens and of a variety of tissue culture cells with proteolytic and other enzymes did not improve cultivability. Examination of partially purified virus by immunoelectron microscopy did not reveal evidence of immunoglobulin A, G, or M coating on the particles, an indication that coproantibody inhibition was not the cause of noncultivability. Fluorescent-antibody studies with an antihexon conjugate and counterimmunoelectrophoresis studies of serially passaged noncultivable viruses indicated that the viruses are infecting cells but are not undergoing effective replication. Antisera to three of the noncultivable viruses demonstrated homologous reactions in counterimmunoelectrophoresis with the respective immunizing antigens but showed only low levels of hemagglutination-inhibiting and neutralizing activity to a few of the known human adenoviruses. We concluded that the noncultivable viruses in these infant diarrhea cases were indeed human adenoviruses, were not defective particles, were not bound to coproantibody, were infectious but incapable of effective relication in conventional cell cultures, were serologically related to types 11, 17, 32, and 33, and should be considered a new, distinct subgroup.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1977

Assays and dynamics of corticotropin-releasing factor activity in rat hypothalamus.

Features of several assays for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) were compared, with reference to sensitivity, precision, specificity and convenience. In general, in vivo assays are less specific, whereas in vitro assays with isolated pituitary cells appear to suffer from vulnerability. Promising approaches for overcoming this difficulty are appearing: one is the cell culture technique and the other is the perfusion of pituitary cell column. However, the findings with vasopressin are again discordant. So far, the in vivo-in vitro assay system appears to be the most satisfactory. In this connection, special emphasis was laid on the CRF assay by out intrapituitary injection technique through the parapharyngeal approach, which has features of both in vivo and in vitro systems. The drawbacks with this assay are its complexity and relatively lower precision. Problems of the use of dexamethasone are discussed from a viewpoint of possible multistage feedback inhibition, as postulated by Yates et al. Several findings on the CRF dynamics were mentioned, in order to exemplify the findings obtained with our assay: it was shown that the two-peaked changes of CRF after ether-laparotomy stress in adult rats were composed of heterogeneous components, as revealed by differential effect of cycloheximide. Pretreatment with cycloheximide similarly abolished the delayed CRF peak that was observed in 2-day-old neonatal rats under stress. These findings suggest an operation of a biochemical denominator in common with both cases.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1979

Latent cytomegalovirus infection of BALB/c mouse spleens detected by an explant culture technique.

Latent murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection of BALB/c mouse spleens was studied using several methods including an explant tissue culture technique, co-cultivation on allogeneic and syngeneic cell cultures and nucleic acid hybridization. BALB/c mice experience latent infection which persists for at least 6 months and involves only a small fraction of spleen cells. The explant culture technique proved to be much more sensitive than other methods for detecting latent infection of lymphoid tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Transmission and scanning electron microscope preparations of the same cell culture.

A technique has been developed which allows transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to be performed on the same cell culture sample. The technique uses the Costar 3,393 Leighton Tube containing a plastic insert, which does not stick to epoxy, for transmission electron microscopy. A cut piece of the plastic insert can be critical point dried, sputter coated and viewed under high vacuum with the scanning electron microscope.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed2025

Glutamate molecular structure and protein affect the inhibition of breast cancer cell metastasis: Cell-derived exosomes inhibitory effects through the MAPK signaling pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of glutamate molecular structure and protein on breast cancer cell metastasis and the potential inhibitory mechanism of cell-derived exosomes via MAPK signaling pathway. Breast cancer cell lines with high metastatic potential were selected by in vitro cell culture technique. The effects of specific inhibitors of glutamic acid on the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells were studied. Changes in protein expression profiles were analyzed by proteomics techniques to identify key proteins associated with breast cancer metastasis. Breast cancer cells were treated with inhibitors of the MAPK signaling pathway to evaluate their effect on cell metastasis and compare with exosome treatment. The results showed that the specific inhibitors of glutamate molecular structure could significantly inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Proteomic analysis revealed several down-regulated proteins that are closely related to breast cancer metastasis.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

In vitro cytotoxicity of periodontal dressings.

The cytotoxicity of three periodontal dressings was evaluated by two in vitro cell culture techniques. Fresh and stored materials were found to be cytotoxic by both techniques and it appeared that the mechanism of cytotoxicity was different for the three dressing materials tested.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1979

Antenatal genetic diagnosis: current status and future prospects.

The current status of antenatal genetic diagnosis is reviewed and the limitations of present techniques are discussed. It is suggested that multidisciplinary clinics are the most efficient means of providing this aspect of health care. Advances in cell culture techniques, in ultrasonography and in fetoscopy will extend the services available, and the impact of this will be felt by the community. Education of the medical profession and the public in this area is necessary so that informed decision-making can take place.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1979

Characterization of erythroid inhibiting factors (EIF) in patients with anemia of chronic renal failure.

Using the fetal mouse liver cell culture technique for evaluation of erythroid colony formation (CFU-E) sera of 15 patients with CRF and 10 normal subjects were investigated. When sera were removed immediately prior to the onset of regular hemodialysis from patients in a severe uremic state, they produced a significant inhibition of CFU-E formation when tested in the fetal mouse liver cell culture. In contrast, when the same sera after 48 hrs of in vitro dialysis were tested, inhibition of CFU-E formation was reversed to a large part. Inhibition was reversed in the same manner when sera removed from the same patients after 16--20 wks of regular hemodialysis therapy were tested in the fetal mouse liver cell culture. Thus, the EIF present in the serum of patients were severe uremia can be removed by in vivo and in vitro dialysis.

Anemia↗