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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

"Giant axonal neuropathy" caused by industrial chemicals: neurofilamentous axonal masses in man.

Symmetrical polyneuropathy developed in two patients after they had been in contact with acrylamide and methyl n-butyl ketone, respectively. In sural nerve biopsy material from both patients, electron microscopy showed frequent focal axonal swellings containing masses of neurofilaments. Some axons undergoing axonal degeneration also were seen. These morphologic features are identical to those produced in experimental animals after exposure to these chemicals and are similar to those found in n-hexane neuropathy and in the three reported cases of giant axonal neuropathy. Sural nerve biopsy is an important diagnostic test in identifying cases of peripheral neuropathy caused by these chemicals.

Acrylamides↗
PubMed1979

[Chromosome changes induced by industrial chemicals (author's transl)].

Radiation-induced chromosome damage has been widely recognized and intensively studied. Recently, attention is placed on chromosome changes induced by various industrial chemicals. In case of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation, chromosome breaks are characterized as one of the most sensitive biological effects. Chromosome breaks among industrial workers who dealt with benzene, vinyl chloride monomer or styrene have also been reported. Moreover, relationship between chromosome changes and exposure to environmental lead, cadmium and mercury compounds have been studied. Ionizing radiation, benzene and vinyl chloride monomer are known also as industrial carcinogens and attention is now placed on carcinogenicity of clastogens or chromosome breaking agents. In the present paper, our studies on in vitro chromosome breakage induced by benzene and its metabolites as well as cadmium, lead, and chromium compounds are reviewed. Also, inhibition of repair of radiation-induced chromosome breaks by clastogens is reported. Significance of cytogenetic studies in industrial medicine is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Asbestos disease in maintenance workers of the chemical industry.

In several large groups of workers employed in chemical plants, chest x-ray abnormalities (small irregular opacities and/or pleural changes) of the type known to be induced by asbestos were found in a proportion of those examined. A cross-sectional study of maintenance workers in a large chemical plant was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of asbestosis; 185 workers were examined. Radiologic evidence of parenchymal interstitial fibrosis was found in 24% of those examined; in 10% of workers, parenchymal fibrosis was the only abnormality. Pleural fibrosis and/or calcification was found in the absence of parenchymal fibrosis in 14% of cases; in another 14% of workers, both parenchymal and pleural abnormalities were detected. The prevalence was significantly higher in those employed 20 or more years. Pleural abnormalities were more prevalent than were parenchymal changes. The increased risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma remains to be studied.

Adult↗