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PubMed2027

RT-RPA-Assisted CRISPR/Cas12a-Based Isothermal Detection of Chikungunya Virus.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is transmitted through the bite of Aedes mosquitoes, specifically A. aegypti and A. albopictus. CHIKV belongs to the alphavirus with a positive-sense ssRNA genome of 11-12 kb size. The virus has been reported from various geographical regions across the globe. Chikungunya fever is an acute febrile illness, which, if left untreated, may develop into chronic arthralgia that may persist for several months or acute encephalitis syndrome. Therefore, early diagnosis of CHIKV is crucial to initiate prompt supportive treatment. Laboratory diagnosis of CHIKV typically relies on serological tests such as IgM antigen capture ELISA and molecular methods including RT-PCR or qRT-PCR. However, both these methods are not viable in peripheral settings. This chapter highlights recent advancements in molecular detection techniques for CHIKV, specifically isothermal detection methods that eliminate the requirement for complex instruments. The detection is facilitated by RT-RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a endonuclease. The assay offers advantages over existing methods such as rapid and early detection, and eliminates cross-over contamination, ultra-sensitivity, high specificity, and ease of result interpretation.

Chikungunya virus↗

PubMed2026

Global molecular and serological evidence of dengue and chikungunya infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 158,608 tested participants.

INTRODUCTION: Dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are Aedes-borne arboviruses with overlapping clinical manifestations, shared vectors, and substantial diagnostic challenges in co-endemic settings. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized published evidence on molecular detection, serological positivity, and DENV-CHIKV dual positivity/co-infection in human clinical, surveillance, and community-based study populations. CONTENT: Following PRISMA 2020 guidance, five bibliographic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) and supplementary grey-literature/preprint sources were searched for English-language studies published from 1 January 1980 to 31 December 2024. No prospective PROSPERO or OSF protocol registration was available. Eligible records reported extractable numerators and denominators for DENV and/or CHIKV in humans using recognized molecular or serological assays. A total of 196 studies comprising 158,608 tested or suspected participants were included in the extraction table. The pooled CHIKV estimate was 14.0 % (95 % CI: 12.0-16.4; I2=97.5 %), with molecular and serological estimates of 9.8 and 15.7 %, respectively. The pooled DENV estimate was 13.8 % (95 % CI: 10.9-17.3; I2=99.0 %), with molecular and serological estimates of 13.1 % (95 % CI: 7.9-21.0) and 14.3 % (95 % CI: 10.2-19.8), respectively. DENV-CHIKV dual positivity/co-infection was 52.9 % (95 % CI: 48.7-57.1) among studies that tested and reported both outcomes. Country-level estimates varied widely and should be interpreted as summaries of available studies rather than nationally representative burden estimates. Funnel-plot asymmetry was statistically significant in DENV analyses but not in the overall CHIKV analysis. SUMMARY: Available evidence indicates extensive but highly heterogeneous DENV and CHIKV positivity across selected clinical and surveillance populations. The pooled estimates should be interpreted cautiously because of substantial between-study heterogeneity, diagnostic variability, outbreak-period sampling, and uneven geographic representation. OUTLOOK: The findings support integrated arboviral surveillance, multiplex diagnostics, and vector-control preparedness in co-endemic regions.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Unraveling the epidemiological and dispersal dynamics of the 2024-2025 chikungunya virus epidemic on Réunion Island.

Réunion Island experienced a massive chikungunya virus epidemic in 2024-2025, with >54,000 confirmed cases. This is the second major chikungunya epidemic on the island, following the first one that peaked 20 years ago. It has been asserted that this new outbreak finds its origin in a single introduction event into the island, offering an opportunity to exploit viral genomic data to understand the epidemiological and dispersal dynamics of the introduced transmission chain. We sequenced >3,000 viral genomes collected during the epidemic. Harnessing this genomic dataset, we used several phylogeographic and phylodynamic approaches to unravel the paths taken by the transmission chain and the external factors that might have impacted its dispersal and epidemiological dynamics on the island. Our analyses highlight a dispersal pattern in line with a gravity-model dynamic with viral transition events being more frequent from and toward more populated areas. Our analyses reveal that the transmission chain was overall spatially intermixed, with frequent exchanges among residential areas. In addition, we show that the temporal dynamic and intensity of the epidemic were associated with climatic variables, namely temperature and precipitation. Our results also show that in theory, the population immunity-resulting from this epidemic and the previous one (2005-2006)-could be sufficient to explain on its own the decrease in the transmission rate that led to the end of the epidemic. While a short-term resurgence cannot be excluded, the risk of a large-scale circulation of the virus in the human population appears therefore relatively limited in the upcoming seasons.

Reunion↗

PubMed2025

Microbiological Investigations for Chikungunya Virus in Children With Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in a Non-Outbreak Setting in Southern India.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging cause of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in India, with limited data on its role in childhood AES in southern India. We systematically evaluated children with AES in southern India during a non-epidemic period for CHIKV. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were tested for CHIKV using IgM ELISA and real-time reverse transcriptase PCR. Amplicon sequencing was performed on PCR-positive samples. Clinical and laboratory features were compared between children with and without CSF CHIKV positivity (PCR/IgM antibodies). Of 376 children with AES, 20 (5.3%) had positive CHIKV tests. Co-infections were common, particularly with scrub typhus. Children presented with diverse symptoms affecting various organ systems. Neurological manifestations included meningism, seizures, cerebellar signs, behavioral abnormalities, cranial nerve involvement, involuntary movements, and hemiparesis/hemiplegia. Children with CSF CHIKV positivity showed more focal neurological deficits and transaminitis, and less musculoskeletal symptoms. Sequencing confirmation of CHIKV was made in all patients with positive CHIKV PCR, revealing a close relationship with 2016 Kenyan and Indian strains, albeit in a different clade within the East/Central/South African genotype. Along with important mutations known to impact CHIKV infectivity, four novel amino acid substitutions were detected in envelope protein coding regions. Our findings underscore the importance of routine and comprehensive CHIKV testing for children with AES, irrespective of season/outbreak. The high rate of co-infections warrants further research. Continued genomic surveillance is essential to monitor emerging mutations with epidemic potential, increased severity and the risk of neurological disease.

Humans↗

PubMed2025

Seroprevalence of Chikungunya and O'nyong-nyong Viruses in Senegal, West Africa.

Arthritogenic alphaviruses such as chikungunya (CHIKV) and o'nyong-nyong (ONNV) viruses have shown capacity to cause widespread epidemics, with recurrent and sporadic outbreaks occurring throughout sub-Saharan Africa. We analyzed the seroprevalence for CHIKV and ONNV in 470 non-febrile subjects from three regions in Senegal (Sindia, 2018; Thies, 2018; and Kedougou, 2022/2023) using retrospective samples. We assessed the presence of anti-CHIKV IgG and neutralizing antibody titers against CHIKV and ONNV via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and microneutralization tests, respectively, and determined risk factors of CHIKV and ONNV exposure by binary logistic regression. The overall alphavirus seroprevalence based on an anti-CHIKV virus like particle (VLP) IgG ELISA was 38.5%, with rates varying geographically: Kedougou (48.6%), Thies (31.9%), and Sindia (14.9%). Neutralizing antibody titers revealed CHIKV and ONNV seroprevalence rates of 7.4% and 9.8%, respectively, with significant variations by region and age group. Cross-reactivity analysis showed that 82.9% of CHIKV cases exhibited a neutralizing response to ONNV, while 71.7% of ONNV cases cross-neutralized CHIKV. Residents of Thies had significantly higher odds of CHIKV infection (aOR, 3.147; 95% CI: 1.164-8.510) while ONNV infection was more likely in Kedougou (aOR, 3.888; 95% CI: 1.319-11.466). Furthermore, older age (> 40 years) was a significant risk factor both CHIKV (aOR, 2.094; 95% CI: 0.846-5.185) and ONNV infection (aOR, 2.745; 95% CI: 1.212-6.216). Our study confirms the co-circulation of CHIKV and ONNV in Senegal, highlighting their geographic and demographic distribution. These findings underscore the need for continued surveillance, alphavirus testing, and tailored public health strategies to mitigate their impact in Senegal.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Dengue and chikungunya vaccines past, present and future: implications for travelers.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Novel vaccines for dengue and chikungunya viruses offer new prevention options against two globally important arboviral diseases. This review summarizes recent developments in vaccine licensure, implementation, real-world experience and research priorities, with emphasis on implications for both endemic populations and travelers. RECENT FINDINGS: Of the three live-attenuated dengue vaccines licensed to date, TAK-003 is authorized in >40 countries and Butantan-DV in Brazil, while manufacturing of CYD-TDV is discontinued. Long-term and postmarketing data continue to refine understanding of serotype-specific protection, waning immunity, and rare adverse events.For chikungunya, two single-dose vaccines are licensed-a live-attenuated vaccine (VLA1553) and virus-like particle vaccine (PXVX0317). Uptake is guided by emerging safety and effectiveness data, with each platform offering potential advantages in different settings.Further data on long-term protection, safety, effectiveness, use in vulnerable populations and integration into outbreak management and immunization systems is anticipated. SUMMARY: Dengue and chikungunya vaccines are increasingly being used in immunization programs and pretravel consultations. Further real-world data are needed-particularly for seronegative dengue vaccine recipients and older, immunocompromised or medically at-risk adults. Research priorities include developing single-dose, nonlive dengue vaccines suitable for high-risk groups, understanding long-term chikungunya vaccine performance, and exploring broader flaviviral or pan-arboviral platforms.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Identification and characterization of anti-chikungunya virus compounds using a biosafe toolkit.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne alphavirus for which no specific antiviral therapy is currently available. During the large outbreak in Foshan, Guangdong Province, China, in July 2025, CHIKV rapidly spread to neighboring regions and caused more than 16,000 confirmed cases. In this study, the predominant outbreak strain of CHIKV was selected as the reference sequence to establish a panel of complementary biosafe tools for antiviral compound screening and mechanistic investigation. A virus replicon particle (VRP) system for CHIKV was first constructed and applied to compound library screening, resulting in the identification of three candidate antiviral compounds: MDL-12330A, bazedoxifene acetate, and anidulafungin. To further validate their antiviral activities and investigate their potential mechanisms, CHIKV functional evaluation systems were subsequently established, including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)- and murine leukemia virus (MLV)-based pseudovirus systems for viral entry, a replicon RNA system for post-entry replication-associated processes, a replication-defective nsP4 mutant replicon RNA system for primary translation, and a virus-like particle (VLP) system for viral particle assembly and budding assessment. Using these complementary systems, we systematically evaluated the antiviral profiles of the three candidate compounds across multiple stages of the CHIKV life cycle. This analysis revealed distinct stage-specific inhibitory patterns and provided insights into their potential antiviral mechanisms, which warrant validation using authentic CHIKV infection to assess their translational potential.

Chikungunya virus↗

PubMed2027

Overview of Chikungunya Virus Epidemiology, Biology, and Pathogenesis.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arthropod-borne alphavirus within the Togaviridae family, is transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The virus causes an acute febrile illness characterized by severe, often bilateral polyarthralgia, with potential progression to chronic musculoskeletal pain and rare systemic complications involving cardiovascular and neurological systems. CHIKV exhibits a spherical, enveloped virion (~70 nm) with T = 4 icosahedral symmetry, incorporating E1/E2 glycoprotein heterodimers that mediate receptor binding and membrane fusion. Its positive-sense RNA genome (~11.8 kb) encodes nonstructural proteins for replication and structural proteins for virion assembly. Replication occurs in cytoplasmic spherules, involving synthesis of genomic and subgenomic RNAs, followed by glycoprotein maturation and budding at the plasma membrane. Epidemiologically, CHIKV has expanded beyond Africa and Asia, with major outbreaks driven by adaptive mutations enhancing transmission via A. albopictus. Since introduction to the Americas in 2013, the global incidence remains high, with >180,000 confirmed cases reported in 2025. Preventive strategies rely on vector control and vaccination; VLP-based vaccines (e.g., Vimkunya) show promise, while live-attenuated formulations face safety concerns. No licensed antivirals exist; current management is supportive, though investigational therapies targeting viral replication and immune modulation are under development.

Chikungunya virus↗

PubMed2027

Global Genomic Surveillance.

Global genomic surveillance has emerged as a foundational pillar of public health in the twenty-first century, enabling real-time tracking of pathogen evolution and informing outbreak response. This chapter examines the strategic architecture of global genomic surveillance, focusing on its application to arboviruses such as chikungunya virus (CHIKV). It explores the integration of genomic data with epidemiological, clinical, and environmental information within a One Health framework, while addressing critical challenges in governance, equity, and interoperability. The discussion covers the entire genomic surveillance workflow, from sample collection and sequencing to bioinformatic analysis and phylogenetic inference, and highlights the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in predictive surveillance. By analyzing global initiatives, operational barriers, and emerging technologies, this chapter underscores the necessity of sustainable, equitable, and interoperable genomic systems to proactively address current and future infectious disease threats.

Humans↗

PubMed2027

Nanopore Sequencing for Chikungunya Virus: Principles and Application.

Nanopore sequencing is transforming viral genomics through real-time, portable, long-read analysis of RNA and DNA. Unlike traditional short-read platforms, it detects nucleotide sequences by measuring ionic current changes as nucleic acids pass through nanoscale pores, enabling direct single-molecule sequencing and base modification detection. Its simplicity, flexibility, and capacity for ultra-long reads make it ideal for resolving complex genomic regions, structural variants, and full viral genomes. These advantages have accelerated its use in pathogen surveillance and outbreak response, especially in resource-limited settings. For chikungunya virus (CHIKV), nanopore sequencing allows rapid, culture-independent recovery of complete genomes from clinical and vector samples, enabling real-time tracking of viral diversity, evolution, and spread. Experiences from Ebola, Zika, and COVID-19 have demonstrated the power of portable sequencing, now applied to CHIKV monitoring. Advances in tools such as Guppy, Dorado, Minimap2, and Medaka enhance read quality, consensus accuracy, and downstream analyses. Despite challenges in basecalling and error correction, robust quality control pipelines ensure reliable results. Ongoing improvements in chemistry, flow cell design, and machine learning will further enhance fidelity and throughput, establishing nanopore sequencing as a cornerstone of CHIKV genomic surveillance and epidemic preparedness.

Chikungunya virus↗

PubMed2027

Workflow for Long-Read Amplicon Sequencing of Chikungunya Virus Using Oxford Nanopore Technology.

This protocol provides a comprehensive, step-by-step workflow for whole-genome sequencing of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) using an amplicon-based strategy optimized for Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platforms. The procedure includes detailed instructions for sample handling, viral RNA extraction, quality control, cDNA synthesis, multiplex PCR amplification, library preparation, sequencing, and primary bioinformatic processing. The protocol is designed to maximize reproducibility across laboratories and is suitable for genomic surveillance applications, including outbreak investigation and molecular epidemiology, even when working with low-to-moderate viral loads.

Chikungunya virus↗

PubMed2027

Optimized Amplicon Strategy for Long-Read Sequencing of the Chikungunya Virus Genome.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive-sense RNA alphavirus transmitted to humans primarily by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Its global circulation and significant public health impact underscore the need to better understand the molecular mechanisms driving CHIKV pathogenesis and transmission. Although robust molecular biology methods exist for CHIKV genome sequencing, a major limitation for surveillance and research is the inability to determine whether two nucleotide variations co-occur within the same viral genome when they are separated beyond the span of typical short-read designs. Here, we describe an optimized approach for processing CHIKV RNA samples that generates large amplicons suitable for long-read nanopore sequencing. This protocol enables amplification of the complete CHIKV genome in only two or three amplicons and facilitates detection of co-occurring nucleotide variations across 4-7.5 kb within the same molecule, thereby simplifying sequencing workflows and improving resolution in studies of viral evolution.

Chikungunya virus↗

PubMed2027

Protocol for Detecting and Sequencing Chikungunya Virus from Field-Collected Mosquitoes.

Arboviral diseases represent a major public health challenge, especially in tropical regions where environmental conditions may favor the proliferation and spread of mosquito vectors. Thus, early and accurate detection of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in mosquito populations can be a valuable tool for effective surveillance of circulating variants and for identifying new viral introductions. Given the challenges of detecting arboviruses in field-captured mosquitoes, we describe an integrated workflow for CHIKV molecular detection and whole-genome sequencing. This protocol includes mosquito homogenization using a bead-based mechanical disruptor, RNA extraction using TRIzol reagent with minor modifications, molecular screening using CHIKV-specific RT-qPCR, and whole-genome amplification followed by sequencing on Illumina platforms. Despite the protocol being optimized for individual mosquitoes, it results in high-quality RNA suitable for both entomological surveillance and genomic analysis. As this protocol allows recovery of complete CHIKV genomes from mosquito specimens, it can serve as a basis for genomic epidemiology studies, enabling monitoring of viral diversity and lineage dynamics, and facilitating early detection of emerging variants to support timely and targeted public health interventions in endemic and at-risk regions.

Animals↗

PubMed2027

Production of Viral Particles from a Chikungunya Virus Infectious Clone.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, which poses challenges for its study and genetic manipulation. Because direct mutagenesis of viral RNA genomes is technically impractical, reverse genetics systems are essential tools for investigating viral biology. To enable such approaches, infectious clones containing a full-length cDNA copy of the viral genome are constructed. The cDNA is positioned under the control of a bacteriophage RNA polymerase promoter, allowing commercial RNA polymerases to use the linearized plasmid as a template for the in vitro transcription of full-length viral genomic RNA (gRNA). Importantly, positive-sense viral genomes serve as mRNAs for the translation of viral proteins in a cellular environment, meaning that these transcripts contain all the information required to initiate viral replication. Following transfection into permissive cultured cells, viral proteins are expressed, enabling genome replication and, ultimately, the recovery of infectious particles from the cell supernatant. Here, we describe a detailed procedure for generating CHIKV particles through plasmid linearization, in vitro transcription, and subsequent RNA transfection.

Chikungunya virus↗

PubMed2025

Chikungunya virus in Thailand (2020-2023): Epidemiology, clinical features, and genomic insights.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) caused significant outbreaks in Thailand during 2008-2009 and 2018-2020. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, CHIKV continued to circulate; however, data on its epidemiological, clinical, and genetic characteristics during and after this period remains limited. This study investigated CHIKV infections in Thailand from March 2020 to December 2023. Serum samples (n = 1,264) were collected from patients with suspected CHIKV infection at 14 hospitals across five provinces in central, eastern, and northeastern Thailand. Samples were tested by RT-qPCR and IgM fluorescence immunoassay. CHIKV infection was confirmed in 50.5% (638/1,264) of cases. Infections occurred across all age groups, with the highest prevalence among individuals aged ≥56 years. Clinical symptoms significantly associated with infection included myalgia, arthralgia, rash, and conjunctivitis. Rash was more frequently in individuals aged ≤15 years and was significantly associated with lower viral loads. Arthralgia was more common among older adults and was linked to later illness onset. Myalgia was least frequently reported in younger patients. Thirty-eight complete coding sequences of our Thai CHIKV strains were analyzed in phylogenetic and time-scaled trees alongside 186 global strains and 109 ECSA-IOL strains from GenBank, respectively. Genome analysis revealed that CHIKV strains circulating in Thailand during 2020-2023 belonged to the East/Central/South African-Indian Ocean lineage (ECSA-IOL). These strains did not evolve from earlier ECSA-IOL variants that carried the E1-A226V mutation, which was previously detected in Thailand. Instead, all isolates carried E1-K211E and E2-V264A, along with E1-226A, likely introduced from the Indian subcontinent around 2016-2017. This introduction triggered a major outbreak between late 2018 and 2020, followed by sustained transmission. The 2020-2023 Thai strains exhibited high genetic similarity to those from neighboring countries, with multiple nonsynonymous mutations suggesting ongoing viral adaptation. Understanding CHIKV epidemiology, clinical features, and evolution supports improved surveillance, diagnostics, and public health interventions.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Autochthonous chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreak in the province of Modena, Emilia-Romagna region, Italy, August to October 2025: epidemiology, clinical features and virological findings.

Between 10 August and 31 October 2025, 343 cases (306 confirmed and 37 probable) of symptomatic autochthonous chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection were notified in eight municipalities in the province of Modena, Emilia-Romagna region, northern Italy. The infection was diagnosed by detection of CHIKV RNA in blood and urine samples, and by detection of IgM antibodies against CHIKV. Most common symptoms were arthralgia (n = 326) and fever (n = 317). No fatalities were reported. Chikungunya virus RNA was detected in 39 (14.8%) of 263 pools of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, thereby confirming local vector-borne transmission. Sequences from 11 case samples and two mosquito pools were whole genome sequenced. The viral strain belonged to the East/Central/South African (ECSA) lineage 2 and was closely related to the strains circulating in Reunion Island in 2024-25. The public health response included rapid vector control measures, reinforced epidemiological surveillance and multidisciplinary coordination between public health authorities and clinicians, laboratories and entomologists. This was one of the largest autochthonous CHIKV outbreaks ever recorded in a temperate European region. It highlights the critical importance of integrated, multidisciplinary preparedness and response for arboviral threats in non-endemic areas.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Identification of an unannotated early embryonic single-minded transcript in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti.

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti , is a cosmopolitan species that serves as the vector of multiple disease causing agents including dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever viruses. The genome of Ae. aegypti has been characterized at the chromosome level, but further manual refinement is required for genes and isoforms with transient expression or low abundance. Here we report on the identification of an early embryonic transcript for the single-minded (sim ) gene in Ae. aegypti , and present the putative promoter for the transcript. The identification of an early-driven transcript is consistent with the annotation for sim in Drosophila melanogaster.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2026

Cell type-dependent induction of type I interferon and PARP1 activation in astrocytes and neurons during chikungunya virus infection.

Chikungunya virus, a mosquito-borne alphavirus, causes fever, rash, arthritis, and neurological disorders. Its non-structural protein 3 harbors a macrodomain, a key neurovirulence factor that removes adenosine diphosphate ribose from ADP-ribosylated substrates. Notably, chikungunya virus infection results in distinct ADP-ribosylation patterns and non-structural protein 3 macrodomain-mediated replication dynamics in astrocytes and neurons. Understanding the connection between ADP-ribosylation and the activation of innate immunity, particularly interferon release, is key to elucidating how the cellular immunological state influences ADP-ribosylation, an understudied post-translational modification during viral infection. Here, murine astrocytic (C8-D1A) and neuronal (NSC-34) cells were infected with chikungunya virus to profile transcript and protein expression of innate immune mediators and type I IFNs. The role of PARP1 in global ADP-ribosylation patterns was assessed using PARP-specific inhibitors and genetic depletion approaches. Our investigations revealed that neuronal chikungunya virus infection induces ADP-ribosylation through PARP1 activation, driven by caspase-3-mediated apoptosis, without transcriptionally activating PARPs. In contrast, astrocytic infections showed minimal ADP-ribosylation despite transcriptional activation of interferon-stimulated PARPs. Neurons exhibited limited innate immune response gene transcriptional activity, whereas astrocytes demonstrated strong upregulation of genes essential for pattern recognition receptor activation, thus enhancing double-stranded RNA sensing and increasing type I interferon production during infection. We posit that PARP1 activation and type I IFN response differentially regulate ADP-ribosylation in chikungunya virus-infected neural cells in a cell type-dependent manner.IMPORTANCEChikungunya virus is an emergent mosquito-borne alphavirus increasingly associated with neurological infection and subsequent long-term disabilities. Its continued global spread and recurrent outbreaks underscore its significant pandemic potential and the urgent need for effective countermeasures. Chikungunya virus showcases distinct, cell-type dependent replication dynamics within astrocytes and neurons, two major permissive cerebral cell types. However, understanding of the immunological basis of such cell type-specific infection dynamics remains limited, yet is necessary to elucidate virus pathogenesis within the brain and thus identification of downstream drug targets. Our study characterized two distinctly activated innate immunological pathways in chikungunya virus-infected astrocytes versus neurons, thus significantly contributing to molecular understanding cell type-specific chikungunya virus neurovirulence on a molecular level.

Animals↗