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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Middle-aged Danish men's ideas of a male climacteric--and of the female climacteric.

The concept of a male climacteric as a parallel to the female climacteric appeared in both popular and scientific literature before 1940. The present population study describes the ideas regarding a male climacteric reported by a sample of men at the ages of 40, 45 and 51. The proportion who believed in the occurrence of a male climacteric decreased as the men became older, although 30% still believed in the phenomenon at the age of 51. Around a fifth (18%) of the 51-year-old men had felt or still felt that they were climacteric. This feeling was significantly related to the men's concern about a climacteric partner and to the presence of 'hot flushes or sweating' in the men. No relation was found with either the men's hormone levels (serum luteinizing hormone and serum free testosterone), or the myths that often surrounded the midlife crisis. The male climacteric therefore seems to serve as an explanation for various common non-specific complaints.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Blood levels of testosterone and its urinary excretion in women of reproductive age both neurosis-free during the climacteric period and with climacteric neuroses].

Blood testosterone content was studied by the radioimmunological method in 12 healthy women (5 of reproductive age, and 7 with climacteric age changes) and in 4 patients at the postmenopause suffering from climateric neurosis. Urinary excretion of testosterone glucuronide was studied by means of fluorometry in 11 healthy women (4 of reproductive age, and 7 at the climacteric) and in 6 patients at the postmenopause with climacteric neurosis. Healthy women of reproductive age displayed marked individual variations in the blood testosterone content both during the folliculin and the lutein cycle phases. The indices of urinary testosterone excretion varied in this group lees. As to healthy women with age climacteric changes and a regular cycle and those during the postmenopause--they showed marked variations both in blood testosterone content and in urinary testosterone excretion. There were no significant differences in the indices studied in healthy women of reproductive age and in healthy women with age climacteric changes. But in 8 of 11 women with climacteric neurosis blood testosterone content and urinary testosterone excretion were much greater than the upper borders of its variations in healthy women.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Climacteric disturbances. 2. Therapy of climacteric disturbances].

After defining the terms climacterium and menopause the causes of climacteric disturbances are explained. During the premenopausal stage disturbances of the cycle are prevailing, caused by an insufficiency of the corpus luteum. Of climacteric disturbances should be spoken only after menopause. They are divided into: vegetative disturbances, troubles of metabolism, cardiovascular dysregulation, psychic deviations, sexual troubles and changes of the skin. The therapy of disturbances during the premenopausal stage mainly consists of the substitution of progesterone or in a cycle-like estrogen-progesterone-therapy. In the premenopausal stage estrogens are the therapy of choice. Among orally efficient estrogens the conjugated estrogen and the estradiol-valerianat are preferred. Side-effects and contraindications are discussed in detail. Among gynecologists there exists no disagreement about the necessity of therapy of serious climacteric disturbances, the opinions about prophylactic estrogen-therapy in women differ.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1989

[Psychosomatic aspects of females in the climacteric. The climacteric--psychosomatics--personality structure].

In this experimental study, the feelings of climacterium in two groups of menopausal women were compared (a test group with climacteric complaints vs a control group without complaints). 70 patients were given a questionnaire: EWL by Janke and Debus, FPI and Giessen-test. The evaluation of the socio-economic data exhibited the fact, that patients in the group with complaints took more drugs than the other group and were more inclined to weight gain. Gynecological data showed significant differences in the beginning and the experience of menstruation. Psychological tests of the group with complaints showed a lack of self-assurance and increased anxiety. These women had also a tendency toward psychosomatic disorders and were less assertive in their social contacts. The discriminant analysis of menopausal and personality variables classified the women equally into the group with complaints compared to the control group.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Has the climacteric been medicalized? A study on the use of medication for climacteric complaints in four countries.

In order to compare the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), non-hormonal treatment for the menopause, and tranquillizers, samples of about 300 women aged over 40 were interviewed in France, the United Kingdom, the former West Germany and Italy. The proportion of women in the samples using HRT varied from 3% in Italy to 25% in Germany. The figures for non-hormonal treatment ranged from 2-13%, and for tranquillizers from 5-28%. The use of both HRT and non-hormonal treatment was found to be related to the perimenopause and the corresponding age groups and that of HRT to higher educational level. Tranquillizer use was related to the postmenopause and lower educational level. After controlling for potential confounding effects of menopausal status, educational level, gainful employment and civil status, it emerged that HRT use rates varied significantly between the countries surveyed. It is concluded that cultural differences exist between these countries as to the prescription and acceptance of HRT.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of socioeconomic factors on timing of menopause and the course of climacteric].

The influence of several socioeconomic factors on age at menopause as well as on the mode of climacteric have been investigated in 142 postmenopausal women, originating from Eastern Austria. A significant correlation between socioeconomic factors and the age at menopause could not be observed. Unlike the age at menopause, significant correlations between socioeconomic factors and the degree of severity of climacteric syndrome could be made, resp., the education level, the marital status, total number of children and number of children not living in the parents household correlated significantly with the degree of severity of several symptoms of climacteric syndrome. The socioeconomic factors influenced only the somatic symptoms, which are mainly caused by hormonal changes during the climacteric. According to the results of the present study, psychosocial stress may influence sex hormone levels during the climacteric and postmenopause and, thus, the mode of climacteric.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

How age conditions the relationship between climacteric status and health symptoms in African American women.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the relationship between climacteric status and health symptoms across age cohorts in 522 African American women aged 25-75. Data were collected through home interviews and subjected to hierarchical regression analyses. In the overall sample a direct relationship was found between climacteric status and physical health symptoms but not mental health symptoms. A direct relationship between climacteric status and both physical and mental health symptoms was found for the younger age cohort 25-34. There was a direct relationship between climacteric status and physical health symptoms but not mental health symptoms for the 35-44 age cohort. The relationship between climacteric status and physical and mental health symptoms held despite controls for education, income, marital status, and body mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Urinary excretion of prostacyclin and thromboxane metabolites in climacteric women: effect of estrogen-progestin replacement therapy.

To study the role of vasodilatory prostacyclin and vasoconstrictory thromboxane A2 in climacteric vascular instabilities, overnight urine samples were collected from sixteen women suffering from hot flushes and sweating before, during and after the six months' cyclic estradiol-desogestrel therapy as well as from ten non-climacteric control women. The urine was assayed for 6-keto-PGF1a and 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF1a (metabolites of prostacyclin) as well as for thromboxane B2 and 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 (metabolites of thromboxane A2) by means of HPLC and radioimmunoassay. No difference was seen in baseline prostaroid output between the climacteric and non-climacteric study groups. Furthermore, no relation was observed between individual prostanoid excretion and severity of vasomotor symptoms before replacement therapy. The replacement therapy abolished or markedly alleviated hot flushes and sweating, but prostanoid output did not change. Our data imply that climacteric symptoms are not accompanied by changes in the production of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Excretion in the urine of glucuronides of testosterone and androstenedione in women with climacteric neurosis and without neurosis].

The author elaborated a method of study of the urinary excretion of the testosterone and androstendione glucoronides and applied it in 20 women (4 healthy women of reproductive age, 10 women at the postmenopause with a climacteric neurosis, and 7 healthy women during the climacteric). In healthy women the mean values of testosterone and androstendione urinary excretion showed no significant difference from those in women of the reproductive age and during the climacteric. It is supposed that the level of urinary excretion of these hormones showed but little change with the progress of age. As to women with a climacteric neurosis, there was no significant change of the mean values of urinary excretion to testosterone and androstendione in comparison with healthy women of the same age. This suggests that the androgenic function of the adrenal glands in this neurosis showed no significant change. Patients with a climacteric neurosis displayed higher variations in the values of the urinary excretion of testosterone and androstendione glucoronides, which was possibly associated with disturbances of regulation of the production of the androgens by the hypothalamic centres.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The assessment of the physical work capacity of women with hypertension in the climacteric].

The author studied the hypotensive effect on women with hypertonic disease during climacteric and investigated their physical capacity for a period of one year. The object of the study was 56 women with climacteric syndrome during climacteric as 38 out of 56 women suffered from hypertonic disease (HD). A considerable reduction in the physical working capacity of women suffering from HD during climacteric 326 +/- 20 kgm/min was found. After the performed one-year treatment the physical working capacity was increased considerably to 606 +/- 23 kgm/min at p less than 0.001, to which an increase in the heart output (presented as heart frequency and arterial blood pressure) corresponded. The best manifested effect in recovery of the physical working capacity in patients with HD during climacteric was found after hypotensive therapy, but the combined (hypertensive and sedative) therapy was on the second place and the sedative therapy--on the third place.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1990

[Digital plethysmogram in women with climacteric disturbance after cold-water challenge test and effect of estrogen].

Immediately after a cold-water challenge test (C-W test) the pulse height to the digital plethysmogram descended (descent wave: D wave), and a congestion wave (C wave) occurred after the D wave. Then the recovery wave (R wave) continued after the C wave. The effects of estrogen on the digital plethysmogram under the C-W test are as follows. (1) The D wave was less than 25% in young women and women without climacteric disturbance. (2) The recovery rate of the C wave in young women was better than in climacteric women without climacteric disturbance. (3) The before value for A1B'1/B'1C1 in the C-W test of young women was 1.0, and the other values during the C-W test did not change significantly compared with the before values. (4) U-time rose only temporarily in the former case. In addition the recovery rate of the R wave after the administration of premarin in women with climacteric disturbance was 19.3%, and this was a significant improvement over the cases without administration. The recovery rate of the R wave in the same women after the administration of premarin and cercine increased to 48.3% (p less than 0.01). These data suggested that estrogen may be able to control the function of the autonomic nervous system in climacteric woman.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Oral symptoms in the climacteric. A prevalence study].

The female climacteric is attributed to physiological ovarian failure with the consequent decrease in the secretions of oestrogen, progestones and androgens. Numerous metabolic, psychological and physical changes have been associated with this event. Oral discomfort, including the burning mouth syndrome and the dry mouth syndrome, has been described as a menopausal symptom. However, the relationship between the hormonal changes related to climacteric and the onset of oral discomfort is still controversial. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral symptoms, with particular regard to burning sensation, xerostomia, altered taste and recurrent oral ulcerations. The relationship between oral and climacteric symptoms and psychological status of the patients was also evaluated. A questionnaire was administered to 136 women (mean age: 51.2 years, range 40-62) being consecutively referred to the University Hospital Menopause Clinic from October 1991 to March 1992. The questionnaire included informations regarding menopausal state, oral symptoms, drug assumption, wearing of partial or total dentures, parafunctions (lip and cheek biting, bruxism, tongue thrusting). Climacteric symptoms including flushes/sweats, palpitations, headache, arthralgia/myalgia, vaginal dryness, decreased concentration, tiredness, decreased libido, insomnia, vertigo were evaluated. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used where appropriate. Information regarding the alteration of the psychological status was collected by means of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Statistical analysis was performed by chi 2 test or Fisher's Exact Probability Test and Mann-Whitney U-test. The level of significance accepted was 5%. The subjects in this study were divided into two groups on the basis of their answers to the questionnaire: group I (no. 39), premenopausal women; group II (no. 97), menopausal women.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Age at the menopause and onset of the climacteric in women of Martin District, Czechoslovkia. Statistical survey and some biological and social correlations.

In this study, 6877 women were analysed whose ages ranged between 38 and 58 (born between 1909 and 1929) and who had had no artificial menopause. This is 88.04% of the total female population in this actual period of life, living in Martin District in 1967. The mean age at the menopause was found, by status quo method, to be 51.21 years (standard deviation 4.4), and by the method of weighted arithmetical means, 48.81 years, (standard deviation 3.9). The mean age at the onset of the climacteric, calculated by the same methods, was 47.55 years, or 46.74 years, respectively. The mean age at menarche was 14.6 years. The average birth-rate was 2.8. The mean period of fertility for the series as a whole was 36.6 years. Women with menstrual disturbances had their menopause about 1 year earlier. We have noted a similar tendency in nulliparas and primiparas. We could find no great difference in the age at menopause between those who had had an early or a late menarche. Menstrual disturbances also influenced the onset of the climacteric. It was at least one year earlier than with regular menstruation. Age at menarche and parity had no effect on the age at the onset of climacteric. Women working in agriculture and housewives had their menopause a little later than mean age of the series, whereas manual workers and those in other occupational categories had their menopause and onset of the climacteric about 1 year earlier. Furthermore, single women had their menopause about one year earlier than the married ones. Widows had their menopause twice so often as the married women and they got it very soon after the husbands's death.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Use of the bicycle ergometric test in the differential diagnosis of climacteric cardiopathy].

Bicycle ergometry on the "Elema" electrical bicycle ergometer was conducted on 6, patients of climacteric age (41 to 55 years) with pain in the region of the heart and ECG changes. The method made it possible to confirm the diagnosis of climacteric cardiopathy in 39 and to reveal climacteric cardiopathy and concurrent ischemic heart disease in 23 patients. It was noted that physical load had a favourable effect on processes of repolarization in the myocardium of patients with climacteric cardiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Glycolysis at the climacteric of bananas.

This work was carried out to investigate the relative roles of phosphofructokinase and pyrophosphate-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase during the increased glycolysis at the climacteric in ripening bananas (Musa cavendishii Lamb ex Paxton). Fruit were ripened in the dark in a continuous stream of air in the absence of ethylene. CO2 production, the contents of glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate and PPi; and the maximum catalytic activities of pyrophosphate-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase, 6-phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase were measured over a 12-day period that included the climacteric. Cytosolic fructose-1,6- bisphosphatase could not be detected in extracts of climacteric fruit. The peak of CO2 production was preceded by a threefold rise in phosphofructokinase, and accompanied by falls in fructose 6-phosphate and glucose 6-phosphate, and a rise in fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. No change in pyrophosphate-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase or pyrophosphate was found. It is argued that phosphofructokinase is primarily responsible for the increased entry of fructose 6-phosphate into glycolysis at the climacteric.

Carbon Dioxide↗