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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Coating materials enhance urochordate primary cell culture adherence.

Marine invertebrate cell cultures are a potential source for diverse biotechnological applications, given the wide range of bioactive compounds they synthesize and accumulate. Yet, the number of established marine invertebrate cell culture systems remains limited compared with those of insects and vertebrates, particularly with respect to adherent cell cultures. Here we studied the in vitro adherence of circulating blood cells from the colonial ascidian Botryllus schlosseri. Two experimental approaches were employed, seeding blood cells either alone (setup 1) or in combination with tissue fragments (setup 2), using three basal media (DMEM, DMEM/F-12, RPMI) on culture plates coated with either Poly-L/D-lysine, gelatin, collagen, or laminin. Each experiment lasted for up to 3 d. Setup 1 results reveal that Botryllus cells remain viable and can adhere to coated surfaces in all tested media. Collagen- and laminin-coated plates supported longer-term cultures, whereas Poly-D (or L)-lysine coatings were more suitable for short-term studies. Among the basal media, RPMI and DMEM/F12 most effectively supported cell attachment. Setup 2 plates consistently showed higher cell adherence compared to setup 1, suggesting that tissue-derived factors may enhance attachment. Overall, circulating Botryllus cells demonstrate the capacity for substrate adhesion in vitro, offering a foundation for the development of adherent cell cultures.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Proteomic insights into the immunomodulatory effects of Ca/Sr co-doped sol-gel coatings for titanium implants.

Ionic functionalization of biomaterial coatings has emerged as a powerful strategy to regulate early host responses at the implant interface. However, how combined Ca/Sr incorporation governs the adsorbed proteome and downstream immune signaling remains poorly understood. This study analyses, employing in vitro tests and proteomics, the effect of adding Sr and Ca to Si-based coatings designed to bioactivate Ti implants. Hybrid Si-based coatings were synthesized by the sol-gel route with a fixed Ca content (0.5 wt%) and increasing Sr contents (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 wt%), and their physicochemical properties, ion release kinetics, and hydrolytic stability were characterized. The coatings remained highly crosslinked despite Ca/Sr incorporation, whereas the highest Sr content increased hydrolytic degradation to around 70% after 56 days. Proteomic analysis identified 183 adsorbed proteins, of which 56 were differentially adsorbed on Ca/Sr-coatings, mainly associated with immune and coagulation pathways. In vitro, RAW 264.7 showed increased gene expression of TNF-α and TGF-β; with an enhanced TNF-α secretion by the addition of Ca and Sr. In parallel, MC3T3-E1 indicated that Ca/Sr-coatings were not cytotoxic and did not impair cell proliferation. However, ALP activity was reduced in the co-doped groups, indicating that the immunomodulatory effects induced by Ca/Sr incorporation were not accompanied by enhanced early osteogenic differentiation. The Ca/Sr combination induced alterations in the adsorption of immune-related proteins, which correlated with the in vitro findings. The deeper insight into how Ca/Sr mixtures modulate protein adsorption on biomaterial surfaces may be key to understanding the immunomodulatory capacity of these bioactive cations.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Copper-Containing Surface Engineering for Soft-Tissue Biomedical Devices: Structure-Function Relationships and Ion Release-Driven Biological Performance, A Systematic Review.

Copper and copper-based materials have gained increasing attention for the functional modification of implantable medical devices intended for prolonged soft-tissue contact, including vascular stents, catheters, and intrauterine devices. Owing to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, redox reactivity, and involvement in angiogenesis and cellular signaling, copper-based systems offer significant potential for multifunctional surface engineering. However, achieving a balance between antibacterial efficacy, corrosion behavior, controlled ion release, and cytocompatibility remains a critical challenge. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review analyzes copper-containing materials and surface modification strategies for soft-tissue biomedical applications. A structured search of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed (2015-2025) identified 65 eligible studies. The review encompasses bulk copper-containing alloys, electrochemical and chemical surface modification techniques, physical vapor deposition approaches, and advanced hybrid systems integrating copper with polymers, hydrogels, or metal-phenolic networks. Across the reviewed literature, antibacterial performance was strongly dependent on copper concentration, microstructural distribution, and spatiotemporal ion release profiles. Moderate, well-controlled copper incorporation frequently improved antibacterial efficacy while maintaining acceptable hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility, particularly in vascular and blood-contacting devices. In contrast, excessive copper loading often accelerated corrosion and induced adverse cellular responses. Emerging multifunctional architectures demonstrated improved regulation of biological interactions, enabling simultaneous antibacterial, antithrombotic, and proendothelial effects. Overall, copper-based surface technologies represent a versatile platform for soft-tissue implant modification. Future translational progress will require precise control of copper release kinetics and comprehensive long-term in vivo validation to ensure safety and sustained therapeutic performance. From the authors' perspective, the most promising future direction involves multifunctional copper-based hybrid coatings capable of dynamically regulating ion release, host tissue integration, and antibacterial performance simultaneously. Strategies integrating hierarchical architectures, stimulus-responsive release systems, and clinically scalable fabrication methods are expected to play a key role in translating copper-containing surfaces from experimental concepts toward commercially viable soft-tissue biomedical devices.

Copper↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dental implants coated with isotropic carbon].

22 implants have been carried out in the mandibular arches of 5 dogs for the purpose of assessing the usefulness of a special isotropic carbon coating on vitallium cast dental replicas. Clinico-radiological, histopathological and microradiographic data showed the usefulness of the coating. Permucous acceptability, which is hard to obtain with other materials, proved satisfactory. Anchorage of the replicas to the surrounding bone was good, thus confirming the compatibility and usefulness of the isotropic carbon coating.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Future developments and applications of biomaterials: an overview.

It is recommended that the emphasis of biomaterials research and development for the future should be to achieve improved reliability. Use of increasing numbers of implants per year coupled with decreasing long term (greater than 5 years) success rates are resulting in progressively larger numbers of reparative implant operations. This trend can be altered by emphasizing three areas of R&D: 1) Studies of composite biomaterial systems offering unique combinations of biological surface behavior and substrate mechanical performance; 2) Investigate mechanisms of interfacial reactions so that long term responses of the host-implant can be predicted; 3) Develop long term predictive relationships for biomaterials reliability based upon interfacial reactions, biomechanics, fracture mechanics, fatigue testing, and retrieval analysis. Brief examples of efforts to develop undrestanding in these three areas are described using bioglass coated metal and bioglass coated alumina implants.

Alloys↗
PubMed1979

[Experimental study on an artificial hip joint made of Al2O3 ceramics (author's transl)].

For the purpose of developing the ceramic artificial hip joint, we carried out biological and mechanical experiments. Tiny blocks of polycrystalline ceramic were inserted into the femurs of rabbits. Also, ceramic powder was injected into the knee joints of rabbits. Biological reaction were examined after varying intervals. It was proved, as a result, that ceramics have good affinity with living tissue. As a next step, wedge-shaped test pieces were inserted into the distal end of the femurs of dogs and tensile tests were carried out to investigate the degree of fixation of ceramic with bone. The result was that ceramic test pieces showed firmer fixation than those of metal. In the hip joints of five dogs, ceramic total hip prostheses for dogs were implanted. The dogs were autopsied after varying intervals and investigated histopathologically and scanning electron microscopically. Fixation of the socket and the prosthesis with the bone was superior to those made of metal and, moreover, virtually no wearing had taken place. However, the socket or prosthetic stems in four dogs were observed damaged in some parts. From the above mentioned, it is evident that when making ceramic total hip prostheses, we have to select ceramics of good quality and thicken their weightconcentrated parts by a device of its own design or use partly metal components coated with ceramic.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1975

Porous surface layered prosthetic devices.

The method of fabrication and properties of a dual structured implant system consisting of a metallic porous surface layer is described. The ingrowth of bone tissue into the outer porous surface layer results in part fixation, while the solid inner core region provides the necessary mechanical strength for a device used for the replacement of heavy load bearing joint regions such as the hip and knee. Additionally, novel implant systems are suggested using the porous coating concept.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A study of the reaction of human tissue to proplast.

The femoral stems of Thompson prostheses coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene/carbon fiber composite (proplast) were studied using conventional histological examination, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis in "successful" firm implants and in a "loose" clinically unsuccessful implant. Ingrowth was found throughout the coatings of the successful prostheses. In the most firmly fixed prosthesis the ingrowth consisted of fibrous tissue with abundant giant cells; however, no bone ingrowth was detected. There was less composite pore infilling in the unsuccessful implant. From both clinical, radiological and the studies described above, it is concluded that fibrous tissue ingrowth was a secondary stabilizing phenomenon in the proplast-coated prostheses studied.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Vascular replacement with plastics (author's transl)].

The plastic substitution of the aorta and its large branches may be considered largely solved today. For this purpose preference is given to highly porous, thin-walled double velour prostheses. The search for a biocompatible plastic substitute for small caliber arteries and the large veins of the body (portal vein, vena cava, iliac veins) is proceeding in two directions at the present time: on the one hand towards optimized bioprostheses and on the other hand towards plastics which apply the principle of microporosity or impermeability with the creation of antithrombogenic inner surfaces. In this respect expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and coating with carbon are very promising.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1975

Coated versus non-Proplast-coated endosseous blade-vent dental implants.

In order to determine the efficacy of applying Proplast to dental endosseous bladevent implants, this material was coated on half of sixteen such implants which were bilaterally placed in the mandibles of eight rhesus monkeys. No difference in the clinical acceptability could be ascertained between the two groups. Histologic examination revealed a loose connective tissue layer around the noncoated implants which was not evident around the coated ones.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1978

A porous metal system for joint replacement surgery.

A porous coated chrome cobalt system has been developed to provide long term stabilization in joint replacement surgery. The pore sizes are 50 to 100 microns, thus ensuring sufficient fatigue strength for use in high load bearing situations. Extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have been performed, and a five year follow-up of porous coated total shoulder prostheses has failed to reveal any evidence of loosening. The early results of porous coated hip implants is encouraging.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of autogenous marrow and calcitonin on reactions to a ceramic.

The effect of autogenous marrow and calcitonin on reactions to a tricalcium phosphate ceramic was studied by subcutaneous implantation in rats. No bone formation was evident in association with uncoated and calcitonin-coated ceramic. At four weeks and thereafter bone formation was evident in association with all marrow-coated implants.

Animals↗