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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Idiopathic coccygodynia. Analysis of fifty-one operative cases and a radiographic study of the normal coccyx.

We studied the normal radiographic anatomy of the coccyx in 120 asymptomatic subjects and performed a retrospective review of the results in fifty-one patients who had had a partial or total coccygectomy for idiopathic coccygodynia during a twenty-year period. Of the asymptomatic subjects, the sacrococcygeal joint was fused in forty-four (37 per cent); the first intercoccygeal joint, in twelve (10 per cent); and the second intercoccygeal joint, in fifty-two (43 per cent). Four types of configuration of the coccyx were identified on the lateral radiographs. In Type I the coccyx was curved slightly forward, whereas in Type II the curve of the coccyx, which pointed straight forward, was more marked. In Type III the coccyx was angulated forward sharply, and in Type IV it was subluxated at the sacrococcygeal or the intercoccygeal joint. Most subjects (68 per cent) had a Type-I configuration. Of the fifty-one patients with idiopathic coccygodynia, twenty-six (51 per cent) showed fusion of the sacrococcygeal joint; six (12 per cent), of the first intercoccygeal joint; and twenty-five (49 per cent), of the second intercoccygeal joint. In most patients (69 per cent) the coccyx had a Type-II, III, or IV configuration. Thirty-one patients had undergone a partial coccygectomy and twelve, a total coccygectomy; in the remaining eight patients the extent of the coccygectomy could not be determined. The results of surgery were excellent or good in thirty-two (88 per cent) of the thirty-six patients who were followed for at least two years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Carcinoid tumor of the coccyx: case report and review of the literature.

STUDY DESIGN: Report of a patient with a carcinoid tumor of the coccyx. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of a patient with a carcinoid tumor of the coccyx and to review the relevant medical literature in English. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: No reports of a carcinoid tumor of the coccyx were found in the literature. Seven reports of carcinoid of the sacrum are described. METHODS: Clinical history, magnetic resonance imaging studies, and light and electronic microscope micrographs are reviewed. RESULTS: A coccygeal mass was detected during evaluation of coccygodynia in a 40-year-old woman. Four years after extended coccygectomy, there are no signs of local tumor recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Carcinoid tumor of the coccyx is extremely rare. An extended coccygectomy may lead to a cure or at least to a prolonged disease-free interval.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Morphofunctional changes of coccyx area in posttraumatic coccygodynia].

For definition of a pathogenesis ofposttraumatic coccygodynia, a study of morpho-functional changes of the structures of coccyx's area was organized. The preparations of coccyx, removed during operative intervention from 23 different-aged patients with manifestations of disease were analyzed by roentgen, histological technique and a submicroscopy. In a cartilaginous tissue from patients with posttraumatic coccygodynia, dystrophic changes of chondrocytes down to their atrophy, a destruction of the basic material with partial replacement of a fibrillar cartilaginous tissue with a hyaline cartilage were observed with a different degree of manifestation. Vessels and sacrococcygeal nervous plexus were subjected to pathological changes. Increased post-traumatic mobility, alterations in the process of ossification, deceleration of physiological joining of coccyx vertebras and sacrococcygeal joint alter biomechanical properties of coccyx at sitting. These alterations lead to the long-lasting traumatization with degenerative - dystrophic changes, reinforcement of pain syndrome and manifestation of dysfunctions of organs of pelvis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Hemorrhagic rectal ulcer caused by a deformity of the coccyx complicated by normal delivery.

A 25-year-old woman delivered her first-born child weighing 3400 g by full-term normal delivery. Bloody stool developed 3 days after delivery. Colonoscopic examination revealed two linear ulcers parallel to the anal column on the posterior side of the rectal ampulla about 5 cm from the anal ring. Coagulated blood was detected at the ulcer bottom, suggesting the site of hemorrhage. Bowel rest in the absence of oral intake resulted in the disappearance of bloody stool. Three days later colonoscopic examination revealed improvement in the ulcer. There was no sign of constipation. A lateral pelvic radiograph showed that the apex of the coccyx was flexed anteriorly. The parturient canal may have physically pressed the rectum against the apex of the coccyx during delivery, causing mucosal injury. Only a few studies have reported the complication of a rectal ulcer due to injury during delivery. Furthermore, none of the previous studies has reported a rectal ulcer caused by deformity of the coccyx.

Coccyx↗
PubMed2006

Isolated tuberculosis of the coccyx.

Vertebral disease constitutes approximately 50% of all skeletal tuberculosis. We describe a patient who developed a discharging sinus at the tip of the coccyx. Extensive examination revealed isolated tuberculosis of the coccyx. Although rare, the condition should be suspected in patients presenting with a chronic sinus in the sacrococcygeal area and a lytic lesion in the coccyx on CT or MRI, particularly in the developing world.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Postnatal maturation of the sacrum and coccyx: MR imaging, helical CT, and conventional radiography.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed radiologic description of the postnatal developmental anatomy of the sacrum and coccyx as revealed by MR imaging, helical CT, and conventional radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred ten imaging examinations of the sacrococcygeal spine were performed in patients who were newborn to 30 years old. Imaging included conventional radiography (n = 63), three-dimensional gradient-recalled echo MR imaging (n = 10), and helical CT with sagittal and angled coronal reformations (n = 37). A detailed analysis was performed of the ossification and fusion of the primary and secondary ossification centers. RESULTS: The sacrum and coccyx were noted to develop from 58 to 60 sacral ossification centers and eight coccygeal centers, respectively. These centers were noted to ossify and fuse in an organized temporal pattern from the fetal period to the age of 30. CONCLUSION: The sacrum and coccyx are formed by a complex process that fuses primary and secondary ossification centers. Because the maturation process can be asymmetric, an understanding of this process may prove useful for distinguishing physeal plates from fracture lines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Sonography of the coccyx in newborns and infants.

The ultrasonic appearance of the coccyx was studied in 61 newborn infants and young children without known congenital abnormalities. The coccyx was easily seen in all children as a hypoechoic structure with a variable number of vertebral body ossification centers. Knowledge of the normal appearance of the coccyx can prevent confusion with pathologic conditions such as abscesses or tumors and can be helpful in the detection of congenital coccygeal abnormalities.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1993

Case report 801: Osteoid osteoma of the coccyx.

In summary, a typical osteoid osteoma in the coccyx in a 13-year-old boy has been presented-a unique location. The clinical, radiological, and pathological aspects of osteoma are summarized. The relationship of osteoid osteoma to osteoblastoma is stressed; it is also stressed that the occurrence of osteoid osteoma in the coccyx is most unusual.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Coccygectomy for instability of the coccyx.

Between 1993 and 2000, 61 patients with instability-related coccygodynia were operated on by a single surgeon using the same technique. There were 49 women and 12 men, mean age 45.3 (18-72) years. Twenty-seven patients had hypermobility of the coccyx and 33 subluxation. In all cases, the unstable portion was removed through a limited incision directly over the coccyx. The outcome was assessed using a detailed questionnaire. Follow-up was between 12 months and more than 30 months. The outcome was rated excellent or good in 53 patients, fair in one, and poor in seven. There were nine patients with infection requiring reoperation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Osteoid osteoma of the coccyx: a case report].

The spine is a rare localization of osteoid osteoma and the coccyx even more exceptional. We report a case of osteoid osteoma of the coccyx in a young man who consulted for sacrococcygeal pain partially relieved with salicylates. Computed tomography of the region demonstrated a typical osteoid osteoma lesion. CT-guided localization enabled complete resection of the nidus as demonstrated by the CT of the operative specimen Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma. Outcome has been quite favorable at two years.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Glomus tumor of the coccyx. A curable cause of coccygodynia.

A 30-year-old woman presented with recurrent severe coccygodynia. She underwent exploration for a possible pilonidal sinus and was found to have a precoccygeal glomus tumor that also involved bony trabeculae of the coccyx. To our knowledge, a glomus tumor involving the coccygeal bone has not been previously documented. In view of the relief of this patient's pain following the surgical excision of coccyx and tumor, a causal role is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Osteoblastomas of the coccyx. Apropos of a case. Review of the literature].

A 24-year-old man presented with a painful and invalidating coccyx. Exploration revealed a bony lesion involving parts of 2nd and all of the 3rd coccygeal vertebrae. The pathology examination of the surgical specimen revealed the diagnosis of benign osteoblastoma of the coccyx. This exceptional localization required complete surgical resection going into healthy tissues to allow a full histological study and to ensure the absence of relapse. Post-operative follow-up was uneventful and the functional result was excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Joystick reduction and percutaneous pinning for an acutely anteriorly dislocated coccyx: a case report.

A sacrococcygeal dislocation is a rare occurrence, and the treatment options vary. Initial treatment is nonoperative, consisting of a manual reduction with a gloved finger and local rest. Acute operative treatment of a failed closed reduction is unusual. We report a case of an acute irreducible anteriorly dislocated coccyx successfully treated with a minimally invasive technique: joystick reduction and Steinman pin fixation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Intraosseous lipoma of the coccyx. Report of a case.

A case of benign intraosseous lipoma in the form of an expansile, non-radiolucent lesion of the distal coccyx is reported. Bony detail was completely obliterated. The anterior and posterior cortical margins were markedly thin and in places appeared eroded.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Instability of the coccyx in coccydynia.

Coccygectomy is a controversial operation. Some authors have reported good results, but others advise against the procedure. The criteria for selection are ill-defined. We describe a study to validate an objective criterion for patient selection, namely radiological instability of the coccyx as judged by intermittent subluxation or hypermobility seen on lateral dynamic radiographs when sitting. We enrolled prospectively 37 patients with chronic pain because of coccygeal instability unrelieved by conservative treatment who were not involved in litigation. The operation was performed by the same surgeon. Patients were followed up for a minimum of two years after coccygectomy, with independent assessment at two years. There were 23 excellent, 11 good and three poor results. The mean time to definitive improvement was four to eight months. Coccygectomy gave good results in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Coccygodynia treated by resection of the coccyx.

Sixty-five patients suffering from coccygodynia resistant to conservative treatment had total or partial coccygectomy, all without serious complications. Eight reoperations were performed. After an average of 15 years, 46 of the 55 patients seen at follow-up were satisfied. A normal radiograph of the coccyx does not exclude a good result from coccygectomy. We recommend total coccygectomy using a longitudinal incision in carefully selected and well-informed patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Co2 laser treatment of epithelial passages and cysts of the coccyx].

The article analyses treatment of 312 patients among which 156 were treated with the use of a CO2 laser and 156 by the traditional method. Study of the results showed that with the use of the CO2 laser the duration of in-patient treatment after radical operation was reduced by 5 days and out-patient rehabilitation by 13 days. the number of postoperative complications reduced considerably, single-stage radical operation could be carried out in the acute period of the disease, an operation for excision of a suppurating cyst could be completed by applying primary sutures with complete closure of the wound in 71.7% of cases, and that a recurrence of the disease could be prevented. Wide introduction of CO2 laser in surgical treatment of epithelial passages and cysts of the coccyx is recommended.

Acute Disease↗