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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Tone burst auditory brain stem response latency estimates of cochlear travel time in Meniere's disease, cochlear hearing loss, and normal ears.

OBJECTIVE: The current study sought to determine whether tone burst auditory brain stem response (ABR) latencies could be used to detect an increase in the cochlear traveling wave velocity in patients with Meniere's disease. BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that the derived band ABR technique can be used to show an increase in cochlear traveling wave velocity in patients with Meniere's disease. The current study sought to replicate these findings using tone burst ABR at frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 kHz and intensities from 40-100 dB hearing loss (HL) in 10-dB steps. METHODS: Wave V latency differences between adjacent frequencies were taken to represent the time it takes the traveling wave to travel between the "place" on the basilar membrane where these two frequencies are represented. Thirty-two subjects participated in the project consisting of 10 with normal hearing, 10 with cochlear HL (not caused by Meniere's disease), and 12 with Meniere's disease. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in absolute wave V latencies or in wave V latency differences (travel time estimates) between the groups (repeated measures analysis of variance, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that wave V latencies and estimates of cochlear travel time cannot be used to distinguish Meniere's disease from other forms of cochlear HL or from normal-hearing ears. The results of this study differ from those using the derived band ABR technique. This difference may be because of the disease state of the authors' subjects or differences in stimulus paradigm.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A new technique for interpreting the BAER in cochlear disease.

We found, by studying 20 normal ears and 34 ears with cochlear disease, that the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) wave I latency was a good predictor of the I-V interval (r = -0.67, p less than 0.001), whereas hearing loss had little predictive value. The normal and hearing-loss groups generated regression lines (wave I latency vs I-V latency) that did not differ significantly from each other. A normal range of I-V intervals can be established for any wave I latency, increasing the sensitivity of the BAER.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1992

[Progressing cases from low tone sudden deafness to Menière's disease--cochlear impairment in the so-called pre-Menière's disease period].

Among 80 patients with low tone sudden deafness (LTSD) who visited our department over the past 15 years, there were 6 cases (7.5%) who subsequently progressed to Menière's disease. The clinical and audiological processes of the 6 patients were studied in detail and the following results were obtained. (1) In these 6 patients, the time between onset of LTSD and the diagnosis of Menière's disease ranged from 4 months at the shortest to 6 years and 8 months at the longest, 2 years and 9 months on average. (2) Two pattern types were seen in the change from LTSD to Menière's disease: changing within a short period of time after recurrence of an LTSD-like attack, and changing after more than one year without recurrent attack. (3) The monoattack-nonrecovered type of LTSD and the recurrent type of LTSD within three months after the onset (short-term prognosis) frequently progressed to Menière's disease. (4) There were no close relationships between subjective symptoms and audiological features in the pre-Menière's disease period (from the onset of LTSD to the recurrence of vertigo with cochlear symptoms). (5) The 6 patients showed various audiogram shapes at the time of progression to Meniere's disease; 3 cases with the slightly rising type, 1 with the high frequency-impaired type, and 2 with the moderate, gradual and flat type. (6) Of the 6 patients, 3 had good hearing during long term observation. At least 2 patients seemed to have the mild type of Menière's disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Effects of immunosuppression on the development of cochlear disease in the MRL-Fas(lpr) mouse.

OBJECTIVES: The MRL-Fas(lpr) mouse, an animal that spontaneously develops multisystemic autoimmune disease, has been proposed as model of immune-mediated inner ear disease. Previous studies revealed that this mouse manifested elevated auditory brainstem response thresholds, hydropic degeneration of strial cells, and antibody deposition within strial capillaries. As the etiology of the observed strial disease may be immune, genetic, or uremic, a study was designed to attempt to delineate between these possible etiologic factors. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, controlled animal study. METHODS: Dexamethasone, which is known to suppress autoantibody production and glomerulonephritis in these animals, was administered systemically on a daily basis to experimental animals, beginning at 6 weeks of age. Control animals received no treatment. Animals were allowed to age, with control animals predictably manifesting systemic disease at 20 weeks of age, at which point all animals were sacrificed. RESULTS: Animals receiving dexamethasone treatment manifested a significant reduction in serum immunoglobulin levels, lymphoid hyperplasia, and a significant improvement in the level of renal function. However, morphologic analysis revealed a persistence of strial disease despite the elimination of strial antibody deposition. CONCLUSION: The results of this experiment support the hypothesis that genetic mechanisms may be responsible for the observed strial disease. Further studies are under way to confirm these findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Hearing disorders in sickle cell disease: cochlear and retrocochlear findings.

The auditory system was assessed in 34 adult subjects with sickle cell disease using standard audiometric test techniques. The study results indicate that patients with sickle cell disease are at risk for retro-cochlear as well as cochlear dysfunction of the auditory system. However, there is no consistent audiometric pattern that is pathognomonic of sickle cell disease. The test results indicate that auditory status should be carefully monitored in all adult patients with sickle cell disease.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening procedure for detection of middle ear and cochlear disease.

Experiences from a six-year study in which 11,772 seven-year-olds have been tested with a combination of the pure tone sweep check test and impedance audiometry (tympanometry and stapedius reflex test) are presented. During the study there has been a gradual change in the screening level. The goal has been to find an ideal screening level in which the results from the screening procedure correspond as much as possible to the findings of the otologist. Analysis of the results from the stapedius reflex test demonstrated that in ears in which the middle ear pressure was within +/- 50 mm H2O the stapedius reflex test could not be elicited in 1.9% of the ears when the maximum output of the audiometer was used (110 dB SPL ipsilateral stimulation); in the ears with middle ear pressure within +/- 150 mm H2O the stapedius reflex could not be elicited in 6.1% using the maximum output of the audiometer. Based on the experiences from our studies it is therefore recommended that the stapedius reflex test be excluded from the test battery and that pure tone screening supplemented by tympanometry be used. A middle ear pressure of less than or equal to -150 mm H2O or a flat tympanogram and/or tone screening levels > 20 dB HTL at 0.5 kHz and/or 4 kHz are considered as indicative of ear pathology.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1980

The cochlear nerve in Meniere's disease.

Cochlear nerves of 11 patients with advanced Meniere's disease were studied by light and electron microscopy. All the nerves appeared normal on light microscopy. In cross sections, the density of myelinated nerve fibers was approximately 20,000 fibers per square millimeter in most cases. In two cases, the density was reduced, about 14,000/sq mm. No correlation was found between the age of patients or the duration of the disease and the density of myelinated nerve fibers. On electron microscopy, there were several features that suggested primary axonal degeneration or segmental demyelination in the cochlear nerve.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2004

Paget's disease and cochlear implantation.

Paget's disease of bone is a common disorder of unresolved etiology characterized by excessive bone resorption followed by excessive bone formation. If the skull is affected this may result in hearing loss and eventually develop into profound deafness. To date, no cases of cochlear implantation in patients with Paget's disease have been reported. The authors present a case of radiographically confirmed Paget's disease of the skull in a 77-year-old man with a 20-year history of progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss who underwent cochlear implantation. A successful insertion of the Nucleus 24 Contour electrode array was achieved without surgical and postoperative complications. At the 10 months' postoperative evaluation, the patient had gained useful open-set speech perception. In quiet conditions, his performance scores on the word and sentence recognition tests were 100 and 98 per cent, respectively. In the presence of noise (at +10 dB. signal-to-noise ratio), his performance scores on the word and sentence recognition tests were 96 and 94 per cent, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Clinical application of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions after glycerol administration for diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss.

Pure-tone audiometry and transiently evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) measurements were made before and after glycerol administration in the ears of sensorineural hearing loss with three different clinical entities, i.e. Meniere's disease, cochlear Meniere's disease and unilateral sensorineural hearing loss of unknown cause without hearing fluctuation (SNHLWF). TEOAE was evoked after glycerol administration in several ears of Meniere's disease and cochlear Meniere's disease, in which it was not evoked before glycerol administration. Especially in patients with cochlear Meniere's disease, TEOAE was altered without an accompanying significant change in mean hearing level. The change in TEOAE after glycerol administration indicates that the active motile property of outer hair cells may be affected by endolymphatic hydrops.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The association between cardiovascular disease and cochlear function in older adults.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the relation between self-reported cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cochlear function in older adults. The Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (EHLS) is an ongoing population-based study of hearing loss and its risk factors in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. As part of the EHLS questionnaire, participants were asked about their cardiovascular medical history. CVD history was determined from questions regarding history of angina, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. Questions about the use of antihypertensive medication and blood pressure measurements determined the presence or absence of hypertension. Among the audiologic measures completed were distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). Cochlear function was measured using DPOAEs and participants were categorized as having (a) cochlear impairment, (b) possible cochlear impairment, or (c) no cochlear impairment. There were 1,501 participants with complete CVD and DPOAE data from the 1998-2000 examination phase. Women with a self-reported history of MI were twice as likely (age-adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-3.46) to have cochlear impairment than women without a history of MI. This association was not significant in men (age-adjusted OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.61-1.58). Additionally, no other CVD variables were associated with cochlear impairment. This study provides data on a possible sex-specific association between CVD and DPOAEs in older adults.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Correlation between audiometric and electronystagmographic results in Menière's disease].

Cochlear and vestibular functions of 30 patients suffering from Méniere's disease have been analyzed through audiometric and electronystagmographic studies. Auditive thresholds in low, medium and high frequencies have been correlated with the results of the caloric and pendular tests. Statistical analysis has demonstrated that there is no significant relationship between caloric and pendular reflectivity and hearing loss in the mentioned frequencies. In conclusion, in Méniere's disease hearing losses and vestibular alterations follow a different pathologic pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A study using laser-Doppler velocimetry of modifications of the labyrinthine microcirculation induced by chemical and physical stimuli].

Vasomotor activity induced by physical and chemical stimuli in the cochlear microcirculation was evaluated by laser-doppler flowmetry. Cochlear flow changes were studied after pharmacological administration and noise exposure. The reaction of cochlear microcirculation after drug administration is similar to that observed in the brain. After phenylephrine injection the authors observed an increase of cochlear blood flow, contrary to that observed in the peripheral vessels. The authors studied the difference in time-activity and quantitative effect of several drugs commonly used in cochlear vascular diseases. Cochlear flow decrease after exposure to noise is proportional to the stimulus intensity and the exposure time.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Profound hearing loss attributable to cochlear nerve disease: diagnosis with combination of otoacoustic emission and magnetic resonance imaging.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the causes of deafness based on the combined findings of auditory brainstem response (ABR), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and three-dimensional Fourier transformation-constructive interference in steady state (3DFT-CISS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of the medical records of 13 patients with unilateral profound hearing loss since childhood. METHODS: Subjects were tested with pure-tone audiometry, ABR, DPOAEs, and 3DFT-CISS imaging. RESULTS: No significant components of ABR were observable in any of the deaf ears. In 10 cases, the cochlear nerves of the deaf ears were found to be as normal as the healthy sides by 3DFT-CISS imaging, and no significant levels of DPOAEs were recorded. In the other three cases, no apparent cochlear nerves were identified by 3DFT-CISS imaging. Although no significant levels of DPOAEs were observable in two cases with cochlear nerves invisible by the MRI study, almost the same level of DPOAEs as that in the healthy side was recorded in the last case. CONCLUSIONS: In the last particular case, the cochlear nerve seemed to be mainly responsible for the profound deafness. 3DFT-CISS imaging in combination with preexisting audiological measures may provide direct evidence for the cochlear nerve disease. steady state, internal auditory canal, cochlear nerve disease.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1993

[Effects of a change in environmental pressure on spontaneous nystagmus in patients with cochleovestibular diseases].

Cochlear and vestibular effects of variation of middle ear pressure have been discussed for more than 50 years. In 1975, Densert reported on temporary improvement of hearing threshold in patients suffering from Ménière's disease after reduction of air pressure in a pressure chamber. One year later Ingelstedt observed reduction of spontaneous nystagmus under this condition. The transmission of relative overpressure from the middle ear to the labyrinth with consecutive decongestion of the hydropic endolymphatic system to the saccus was thought to be the cause of this phenomenon. Meanwhile a direct effect of labyrinthine pressure on the activity of the inner ear and labyrinth in healthy subjects and animals has been described. In order to gain further information on the phenomenon observed by Densert and Ingelstedt we performed investigations on patients suffering from several cochleovestibular diseases. Chamber pressure was altered and simultaneous electronystagmographic recording was performed. As a striking result, we observed a reduction of the pathological spontaneous nystagmus in a majority of patients with vestibular damage during and after the reduction of chamber pressure. Many of these subjects showed a partial restitution of nystagmus if the chamber pressure was increased again. This observation was made in patients with Méni ere's disease, vestibular neuritis and sudden hearing loss with vestibular involvement. Hence, we conclude that this phenomenon is not specific for Ménière's disease. A transmission of middle ear pressure to the labyrinth may be an explanation of our observations.

Air Pressure↗
PubMed2005

A diagnostic test for Ménière's Disease and Cochlear Hydrops: impaired high-pass noise masking of auditory brainstem responses.

HYPOTHESIS: Endolymphatic hydrops in patients diagnosed with Ménière's disease causes changes in the response properties of the basilar membrane that lead to impaired high-pass noise masking of auditory brainstem responses to clicks. BACKGROUND: Ménière's disease is defined as the idiopathic syndrome of endolymphatic (cochlear) hydrops, which is an abnormal increase in the volume of cochlear fluid (endolymph) in the inner ear. Accurate detection and diagnosis are important but difficult because of the lack of sufficiently sensitive tests. METHODS: Two populations were compared: (1) 38 non-Ménière's normal-hearing subjects; and (2) 23 patients who, at the time of testing, continued to have at least three of the four hallmark symptoms (i.e., tinnitus, vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, and fullness) used in the diagnosis of Ménière's disease. Auditory brainstem responses to clicks presented ipsilaterally with masking noise that was high-pass filtered at various frequencies were recorded. RESULTS: In the Ménière's patients, the masking noise is insufficient such that an undermasked Wave V is still present at a latency similar to that of Wave V in the response to the clicks alone. In the control non-Ménière's normal-hearing subjects, this undermasked component was either absent or significantly delayed because of the masking noise. The difference in the delays between these populations is such that the distributions do not overlap, resulting in 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSION: This test is able to distinguish objectively active Ménière's disease in individuals and may show promise for tracking changes in the severity of the disease caused by progression or treatment.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1995

Chronic middle ear disease and cochlear implantation.

We have presented three patients with bilateral CSOM who were otherwise suitable for cochlear implantation. These patients had conventional surgical management of CSOM and were implanted after a period of 6 months through apparently healthy middle ears. However, all three had a recurrence of middle ear disease requiring further surgery, and one had a potentially life-threatening complication necessitating removal of the implant. Before considering cochlear implantation in patients with bilateral CSOM, it is essential to eradicate all disease, and radical mastoidectomy with obliteration may be necessary. The use of a cochlear sealing device may further ensure prevention of infection spreading into the cochlea.

Aged↗