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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Isolated small bowel obstruction as the presenting feature of colonic disease.

Small intestinal obstruction without colonic dilation can be the mode of presentation in a variety of colonic diseases, including carcinoma, diverticulitis, and colitis. Plain abdominal roentgenograms may lead the unwary physician into errors of diagnosis and treatment by suggesting primary small bowel disease. Barium enema examination of the colon will keep the wary physician out of such traps. We describe five patients with small bowel obstruction who had a variety of colonic diseases diagnosed by barium contrast studies. If the reason for intestinal obstruction is not apparent and the need for emergency surgery is not compelling, we recommend an immediate contrast study of the colon to aid in evaluating possible colonic pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Should colonoscopy be the first investigation for colonic disease?

Many patients with suspected colonic disease undergo rigid sigmoidoscopy, barium enema examination, and ultimately total colonoscopy, but the need for preliminary radiology has not been formally assessed. A total of 168 patients requiring large bowel investigation were therefore randomised to undergo either rigid sigmoidoscopy plus double contrast barium enema examination or total colonoscopy. Disease was found in 56 patients, including 14 with a carcinoma, 11 with polyps, and 16 with inflammatory bowel disease, the remainder having diverticular disease alone. Of the 89 patients allocated to double contrast barium enema examination, nine required a subsequent colonoscopy for suspected tumour or polyps, three because of incomplete radiological examination, and 12 for rectal bleeding for which no cause was found at the radiological examination. In 16 patients this yielded further information or altered treatment. Of the 79 patients undergoing total colonoscopy, only six required subsequent radiology. As both procedures were well tolerated with no major complications total colonoscopy may be the preferred initial investigation where facilities allow.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A morphometric study of the canine colon: comparison of control dogs and cases of colonic disease.

The microstructure of the canine colon was described morphometrically. The artifacts induced by administration of enemas and biopsy technique were studied by comparing biopsy specimens to tissues obtained at necropsy from 15 normal dogs. Biopsies from control dogs and clinical cases of colonic disease were then evaluated quantitatively, and histological abnormalities which might clarify mechanisms underlying large bowel dysfunction in the dog were sought. In control dogs, gland length and diameter, epithelial, goblet cell and mucosal mast cell numbers, and intraepithelial lymphocyte and mitotic indices were remarkably uniform throughout the colon. Minor variations were found in the proximal and distal regions of the colon. An apparent shortening of glands, and a reduction in mucous goblets and intraepithelial lymphocytes in biopsies were attributed to suboptimal orientation and irritation caused by enemas. The only significant difference from controls identified by morphometric analysis of biopsies from clinical cases was fewer epithelial cells lining longitudinal sections of glands. It was concluded that failure to identify morphometric variations in the colonic mucosa of clinical cases might reflect either a biased, homogeneously mild clinical syndrome in this group, or the possibility that in many of the clinical cases, a functional rather than physical abnormality was involved. The proprial inflammatory cell population was not examined quantitatively; further investigation of this component is merited.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Abdominal echography in colonic diseases].

In the past few years, several studies have assessed the visualization of digestive diseases by ultrasound, but its clinical accuracy has been rarely defined. Thus we evaluated the contribution of sonographic examination as an initial diagnostic mean in the detection of colonic lesion. During a period of thirty six months (June 85-June 88) when we performed a standard sonographic abdominal examination, we utilized ultrasound to look for thickening or other modifications of the large bowel wall, if the clinical findings suggested a colonic disease. In these conditions we performed 453 US examinations. In our study, 363 cases were considered to be negative and the controls demonstrated colonic wall lesions in 24 cases. Thus the sensitivity was one of 77%. The sonographic examination was positive in 90 cases with 6 false positives. Thus our specificity reached 98.2% and the accuracy achieved was 93.3%. Thus sonographic examination appears to be a rapid, non invasive, mobile, mean of examining the abdominal cavity and also the large bowel in all patients. If this examination is negative, a colonic disease is possible since sensitivity is 77%. On the other hand, if the examination is positive, a colonic disease is very probable, since specificity reached 98.2%. The accuracy of US Colonic examination is 93.3% and with using abdominal plain film, theses percentages may be improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Schistosomal colonic disease.

This study evaluates 216 patients with schistosomal colonic disease, diagnosed by endoscopic biopsies at the Armed Forces Hospital, Riyadh. The colonoscopic appearance was suggestive of schistosomiasis in 98 of these patients (45.37%), Schistosoma mansoni ova in stool was detected in only 24 of these 216 patients (11.11%). The most common histopathological finding in colonic biopsies of these patients was Schistosoma mansoni ova in the colonic mucosa with no or mild inflammatory cells infiltrates. These findings correlate with the endoscopic appearances in most patients. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain or distention in 84 patients (38.88%). Sixty five patients (30.09%) had hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. Eight patients had schistosomal polyps and two patients had colonic malignancy in which no association between their malignancy and Schistosoma mansoni infection was established. After antischistosomal treatment follow up, sigmoidoscopy was normal in 28 patients who previously had abnormal endoscopic appearances. Colonoscopic examination is valuable in colonic schistosomiasis as it can show characteristic colonic lesions and colonic biopsies are diagnostic and correlates with histological findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The antegrade colonogram: extending the small bowel follow through for children suspected of having colonic disease.

Fifty pediatric patients suspected of having colonic disease were evaluated by antegrade barium study ("antegrade colonogram") and by colonoscopy with multiple biopsy specimens. Radiographic patterns of mucosal irregularity, nodularity, or ulceration, haustral asymmetry or edema, and narrowing of the colonic lumen were easily recognized. Correlation between colonographic patterns, biopsy findings, and gross appearance at colonoscopy showed the colonogram to have an overall accuracy of 77-88%. The antegrade colonogram is easily performed and often provides information regarding areas of the colon not seen by the endoscopist. In some cases it may also be useful in the evaluation of response to therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Colonoscopy or barium enema as initial investigation of colonic disease.

To determine whether double-contrast barium enema (DCBE) or fibreoptic examination should be the first-line investigation for colonic disease 76 consecutive patients presenting for the first time to the outpatient clinic with symptoms of colonic disease deemed to need a DCBE after negative rigid sigmoidoscopy were entered into a trial. All underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy, then DCBE, and finally colonoscopy. 66 patients completed the study. DCBE alone gave the final diagnosis in 42 (67%) and colonoscopy alone in 60 (91%) (p = 0.0004). A combination of flexible sigmoidoscopy and DCBE led to the diagnosis in 50 patients (76%). With DCBE alone 73% of polyps and 64% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease were missed. No complications arose from the investigations. 32 (48%) patients found DCBE distressing and 15 (23%) found colonoscopy uncomfortable (p = 0.004). Its high diagnostic accuracy and relative lack of discomfort for patients make colonoscopy the primary procedure for investigating patients with large bowel symptoms referred to the general surgeon.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Colonic disease in cirrhosis. An endoscopic evaluation in 412 patients.

Colonic disease is relatively uncommon in cirrhosis. To determine the prevalence of colonic lesions in cirrhosis of all types, cirrhotics evaluated for possible liver transplantation underwent combined pan upper endoscopy and colonoscopy. The patients were divided into two main groups, 248 with parenchymal liver disease (nonviral and viral) and 164 with cholestatic liver disease. The prevalence of the various colonic lesions identified was: polyps, 8.4%; nonspecific edema, 19.9%; inflammatory changes, 11.6%; hemorrhoids, 25.2%; and rectal varices, 3.6%. Normal findings were present in 42.4%. Except for an increased prevalence (P less than 0.05) of edema and a reduced prevalence (P less than 0.001) of inflammatory changes in the parenchymal liver disease group, the prevalence for all other lesions was similar in the two groups. Esophageal varices were present in most patients with hemorrhoids and in all with rectal varices. The degree of portal hypertension and/or disease severity was associated with hemorrhoids but not with rectal varices. The higher prevalence of inflammatory changes in the cholestatic group was because one fourth of this group had an inflammatory bowel disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Quantitation and immunochemical characterization of carcinoembryonic antigen and glucose phosphate isomerase in blood and washings of patients with gastric and colonic diseases.

Circulating levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI) have been measured and compared in 51 subjects with gastric and colonic diseases. Levels were higher in gastric and colonic cancer patients than in normals or patients with other diseases. Elevations of both these markers were most frequent in patients with metastases. Concentrations of CEA and GPI in gastrointestinal washings were also measured. No correlation was found between total protein content and concentrations of CEA or GPI in the washings. Further characterization of the perchloric acid-soluble material from colon washings by gel filtration indicated that the CEA-like substance from colon cancer patients was higher in molecular weight than standard radiolabeled CEA and CEA from normal colon washings. When tested against anti-CEA antiserum and pure CEA from a colonic cancer metastasis, all CEA preparations showed immunological identity in gel-diffusion plates; on immunoelectrophoresis similar mobility was indicative of a similar charge.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1979

[Advantages of the use of medium-length colonoscope in the diagnosis of colonic diseases].

On the basis of their own experience, totaling 540 examinations, the authors explain the advantages offered by the medium-length (100 cm) optical fibroscope in the diagnosis of colonic diseases. They claim that the instrument under discussion is the most complete, being at once sturdy and easy to use and affording, despite its limite length, exploration of the ascending colon in 53.3% of the cases--a procedure for which the indications are on the other hand fairly limited.

Colon↗