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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

The color of gingiva studied by visual color matching. Part II. Kind, location, and personal difference in color of gingiva.

A replica of natural gingival color can be fabricated in a prosthesis. A precise record of gingival color helps to follow-up oral and systemic diseases. A healthy gingival color according to the "Periodontal Workshop Committee I" is 'pink' but no indication is given for color variations by age or position. For more precise definition, therefore, gingival color was examined in the maxillary and mandibular anterior regions by visual color matching using standard color chips after Munsell's system. Gingival color was measured in 60 subjects, in 18 locations around the anterior teeth. 1. The gingival color varies in Hue from 10 RP to 2.5 YR, being mainly between 2.5 R and 5 R; in Value from 4 to 8, maximum between 6 and 7.5; and in Chroma from 1.5 to 7, mainly from 4 to 5. 2. No difference in gingival color is recognized between the male and female, or between left and right sides of the jaw. 3. Gingival color varies with the position of papillary, marginal, and attached gingivae, and the parts corresponding to different teeth have different colors. 4. The gingival color of young persons, differs markedly from that of older people. In all the parts, red Hue is more tinged with purple in the old than in the young; Value is higher in the young; and Chroma is higher in the old.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The Davidson and Hemmendinger color rule as a color vision screening test.

The Davidson and Hemmendinger (DH) color rule was evaluated for color vision screening of normal and congenital color-defective subjects. Ninety-eight normal and 14 color-defective subjects were tested on the color rule under Macbeth illumination of 5,400 K. The color-defective subjects were also tested on the Nagel anomaloscope, the Farnsworth D-15, and the H-R-R pseudoisochromatic plates. The DH color rule performed as accurately as the anomaloscope and was superior to the other two tests in detecting anomalous trichromats and in discriminating protanomalous subjects. The color rule also discriminated dichromats from anomalous trichromats. For severe color-defective subjects (dichromats, achromats), the color rule was more time-consuming than the other tests and discrimination was less certain. Response patterns on the DH color rule and response variability of the different classifications are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[The color rendition of microscopical stains by the dyes produced in reversal color films (author's transl)].

When comparing spectral and colorimetric data of colors of our natural environment with the data of microscopical stains, we observe considerable differences in spectral transmittance respectively reflectance. Furthermore, the spectral locus of these colors are situated at very different positions in the color space or in a chromaticity diagram. By this reason, we must anticipate that usual color reversal materials being optimized in the very first line for the reproduction of colors like foliage green, sky blue or earth, cannot render the hues of histological stains in a satisfying manner. To prove this assertion, the reproducible ranges of hues in the color space were calculated by means of the spectral densities of the dyes developed in the three layers of various color reversal films, and these results were then compared with the spectral data of some stains often applied for histology (H-E, Goldner, Azan etc.). By this method, we find that no color film examined can reproduce in a sufficient manner all these stains at the same time. The results can allow for color micrography the selection of a definite film for best possible color matching of a least one interesting range of color.

Color↗
PubMed1978

Dichromatic color language: "reds" and "greens" don't look alike but their colors do.

When protanopes or deuteranopes arrange the Farnsworth Dichotomous Test colors in order of similarity, they reveal their lack of red/green hue discriminations by alternating chips that the normal trichromat sees as reddish and greenish test colors. The dichromatic orderings follow a systematic variation in saturation of blue hues through neutral and into yellow hues as described by theory for each of the two types. Some dichromats who show the typical test behavior nevertheless use reddish and greenish hue terms appropriately when instructed to name the same test colors. Lightness cues are probably used by these dichromats in the naming task but ignored in the perceptual similarity task. Thus, unlike normal trichromats, who use similar names for perceptually similar colors, dichromats may use dissimilar names for perceptually similar colors. In this way they can achieve concordance with the normative language system despite its discordance with their impoverished color perceptions.

Color Perception↗
PubMed1977

Perceptual load in searching for sloping colored lines camouflaged by colored backgrounds: a separate-groups investigation.

Altogether 168 men searched briefly for colored sloping lines embedded in a background of random color. Using a separate-groups experimental design, search for six kinds of target was found to be less effective after practice than search for a single kind of target. Reducing the number of colors of targets from three to one was considerably more beneficial than reducing the number of main directions of slope from two to one. Reducing the number of kinds of target without reducing the number of relevant stimulus values was also found to improve the effectiveness of search, but search was even more effective when the number of relevant stimulus colors was reduced. The results can be predicted from the total number of selection operations required. However, a more precise fit needs to reflect the considerably greater difficulty of searching for a number of directions of slope. When targets were poorly camouflaged, search was equally effective whether there were four colors or only a single color of target to search for.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Color analysis of dextrose solutions using a color difference meter.

A method for quantitating color measurements in dextrose solutions by using a color difference meter is described. This method was shown to correlate well with standard American Public Health Association (APHA) color measurements. A mathematical relationship was developed relating yellowness index values to APHA numbers as described in the USP for dextrose solutions. This relationship was tested by comparing the results from standard APHA color tests on laboratory samples of autoclaved dextrose solutions to APHA numbers calculated from yellowness index values for the same samples.

Color↗
PubMed1977

[Contribution to the problem of color reproduction in photomicrography with color films (author's transl)].

In order to define clearly the possibilities and conformities in reproducing stained microscopic specimens we need an exact system of formal co-ordination and conception. Therefore, an assay was made to find practical criterions allowing the choice of the most suited color films for the photomicrography of stained preparations. This was done by splitting up the transfer of information by adequate reproducible colors of the slides with the color space. Examples are given for Eosin bluish, for the mixture of Light green and Xylidin Ponceau and for the colors of Fujichrome R 100.

Histological Techniques↗
PubMed1979

The Luscher Color Test: sex differences in color preference.

Sex differences in color preference on the Luscher Color Test were investigated for the green and the yellow chips. 50 male and 79 female majors in education rated and ranked each color on the popular form of the test. Females ranked and rated yellow significantly higher than did the males. Implications regarding test validity for females are discussed.

Choice Behavior↗
PubMed1975

Color and form perception on the Rorschach as a function of eye color.

Recent research had demonstrated that dark-eyed individuals are more reactive than light-eyed people. The present paper investigated one area of reactivity, ease of emotional arousal. The hypothesis that dark-eyed male subjects (n equals 40) would show greater ease of arousal than light-eyed male subjects (n equals 40) was tested using color and form responses on the Rorschach as dependent measures. The predicted interaction was significant; light-eyed subjects gave relatively more form responses, but dark-eyed subjects gave relatively more color responses. Implications for future research and application were discussed.

Arousal↗