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The Titmus Pediatric Color Perception Test was compared to three other standard tests of color vision (Ishihara, Dvorine, Farnsworth D-15) with a population of adults. It is concluded that the results of the Titmus test are consistent with those of the other tests if certain specific scoring methods, described in the text, are used.
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The color constancy is the ability to recognize correctly the colours of the objects under different illuminations. For this purpose the visual system must identify the character of illumination and estimate the colour of the object, using the light reflected from this object according to the spectrum of illumination. The behavioral experiments with fishes showed that they possess the colour constancy. The electrophysiological studies on colour-coding ganglion cells showed that the simplest mechanisms of estimating the colours of objects according to illumination exist at the retinal level. The presence of colour vision facilitates the recognition of the volume form of the objects. The generally accepted view on the place and role of colour vision in the general function of the visual system of animals has to be changed on the basis of these facts.
The author raises the question, "Suppose a newly qualified optometrist announced that he wanted to undertake research on the perception of color; what fundamental elements of the subject should he attempt to master before setting out on his research program?" In answering this question, the author traces his own development in the subject of color vision.
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The performance of three groups of college-level subjects, deaf students, normal-hearing students, and Art students, were compared on nine tests involving color perception and color-verbal materials including (a) Color-Form Sorting, (b) Color-Form Pointing, (c) Color-Word Meaning, (d) Color-Pair Preferences (N=3), and (e) Color-Word Interference (N=3). Color perception differences between the deaf and the hearing groups were not substantiated: deaf and hearing groups differed only on tests involving verbal materials. The Deaf differed more from the Art students than from the Hearing.
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After a monocular effect of a short-term intensive light stimulation (of 80 mksec in duration with illuminance of 1600 cdl. sec) which followed complete dark adaptation, test subjects showed disorders in color perception. They included lowered decrease in the acuity of color discrimination measured in the AN-59 anomaloscope and significant distortion of the subjective evaluation of different color stimuli. The spectrum of an experimental intensive light effect was varied; it was thus shown that disorders in the color perception were associated with a nonuniform decrease of the sensitivity of color perceiving systems of the optic analyzer. The pattern and duration of these disturbances depended on the spectral composition and intensity of the light stimulus.
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Eight normal subjects were examined in dark, light and color conditions. Mean cerebral blood flow velocity (MBFV) were recorded almost simultaneously from their posterior cerebral arteries (PCA) using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound. The side-to-side difference was significant during the dark (p = 0.0159) and color stimulation (p = 0.0001) but not in light condition. This side-to-side difference in MBFV was used to characterize lateralization of color perception. This showed that the right PCA was always greater than the left during the presentation of color stimuli. Primary psychological colors (blue, yellow, red and green) induced greater lateralization as compared with color resulting from a mixed blue-green wavelength. This suggests that the right visual cortex is selectively sensitive to wavelengths.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.