[Split renal function studies: Comparative study of various split renal function tests and renal vein renin ratio in diagnosing renovascular hypertension (author's transl)].
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Humans↗
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Results for “Comparative Studies”
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[Extra-corporeal circulation. Experimental study. Comparative study of various oxygenators (author's transl)].
An experimental study of three different types of oxygenator was carried out in the dog during two hours extra corporeal circulation. The hemodynamic aspects and the characteristics of pulmonary elasticity that a previous study permitted us to choose as controls of the quality of extracorporeal perfusion, were studied. The results show that the pulmonary arterial resistances and the indices of pulmonary compliance do not recover during E.C.C. to their initial values, in the case of an E.C.C. using a bubble oxygenator. These results should be taken into consideration in the choice of the most suitable oxygenator.
Animals↗
Suprascapular entrapment neuropathy: a clinical, anatomical, and comparative study. Part 3: comparative study.
The suprascapular ligament seems to serve no defined function in the human. A comparative study was undertaken to elucidate its function. The suprascapular region was dissected in species representing seven existing primate families and six subprimate families. A striking dichotomy of pattern was observed. In the New World primates, the suprascapular ligament appeared to be continuous with the coracoclavicular ligament; the former merely served to increase the area of bony attachment of the coracoclavicular ligament. In the Old World monkeys and subprimate mammals, the suprascapular ligament was entirely absent. The human anatomy was comparable to that found in the New World primates. This dichotomy of pattern seems to be related to the function of the upper extremity in the different classes of mammals.
Animals↗
ICMSF methods studies. XII. Comparative study for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens in feces.
As the second phase of an international comparative study for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens, four methods were compared for "total" and spore counts of C. perfringens in fecal specimens: the SFP (Shahidi-Ferguson perfringens) agar (A), TSC (tryptose-sulfite-cycloserine) agar (B), SC (sulfite-cycloserine) agar (C), and neomycin blood agar (D) methods. In both the total and spore count procedures, the confirmed C. perfringens counts in method D were lower than in methods A, B, and C. Little differences among methods were found in the percentages of presumptive colonies confirmed as C. perfringens. The nonspecific counts in methods A and D were generally greater than in B and C, but nonspecific microorganisms did not interfere in the enumeration of C. perfringens spores by any of the four methods. In overall performance, methods B and C were superior to A and D. The mean C. perfringens spore count was only 0.17 log lower than the mean total count. Spore counts alone are, therefore, adequate in investigations of C. perfringens outbreaks.
Bacteriological Techniques↗
ICMSF methods studies. VIII. Comparative study for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens in foods.
Four methods were compared in an international comparative study for the enumeration of Clostridium perfringens: the SFP (Shahidi-Ferguson perfringens) agar (A), TSC (tryptose-sulfite-cycloserin) agar (B), SC (sulfite-cycloserine) agar (C), and neomycin blood agar (D) methods. The confirmed C. perfringens counts were slightly lower for D than for A-C. The percentages of presumptive colonies confirmed as C. perfringens were essentially the same in each method. The relative numbers of nonspecific colonies were the lowest in C, followed by B, D, and A. The methods were also compared for simplicity and for aspects associated with the recognition and selection of presumptive colonies.
Agar↗
[Determination of heart minute volume and ejection fraction with a new radiocardiographic study method. Comparative studies with conventional results].
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Cardiac Output↗
[Comparative study of the interaction of cephalosporins with blood serum proteins and organ homogenates].
Interaction of 7 semisynthetic antibiotics (cephaloridine, cephalexin, cephradine, cephazolin, cephalotin, cephacetrile and cephapirin) with proteins of human, bovine and rabbit blood serum, as well as organ and tissue homogenates of rats was studied comparatively. The study showed that binding of the cephalosporins by the blood serum depended on both the chemical structure of the antibiotic and the species affiliation of the protein substrate. The binding lvels of cephazolin and cephalotin by the blood serum proteins (except bovine serum) were the highest, while the binding level of cephaloridine was the lowest. A significant decrease in the values of binding by the serum proteins of the drugs with high percentage of binding was observed when the drug concentrations in solution were increased. Binding of the cephalosporins by the blood serum proteins was in most cases completely reversible. The activity of the cephalosporins decreased in the presence of the rat organ and tissue homogenates. The levels of the activity decrease as compared to the theoretical ones were the highest with the use of cephalotin, cephacetrile and cephapirin. The lowest values of detection of these antibiotics were noted on their incubation with the liver, kidneys and lungs.
Animals↗
Controlled randomized study comparing amoxycillin and pivmecillinam in adult out-patients presenting with symptoms of acute urinary tract infection.
A comparative study of amoxycillin and pivmecillinam was performed on 298 out-patients with acute urinary tract infection, receiving either 375 mg amoxycillin three times daily or 400 mg pivmecillinam three times daily. The primary cure rate was 90% in the pivmecillinam group compared to 82% in the amoxycillin group. Resistant enterobacteriaceae emerged in approximately 5% of patients receiving amoxycillin but not after treatment with pivmecillinam. No serious side effects were observed in patients receiving picmecillinam and the tolerance was generally good. Upper gastrointestinal side effects were more frequent in the pivmecillinam group whereas lower gastrointestinal side effects predominated in the amoxycillin group. 200 mg pivmecillinam three times daily compared with 400 mg three times daily showed no differences in cure rate and side effects were lower (11% compared to 19%).
Acute Disease↗
Intradermal sutures in facial lacerations. Comparative study of clear monofilament nylon and polyglycolic acid.
A blind study comparing the clinical inflammatory response of intradermal clear monofilament nylon sutures with polyglycolic acid sutures was carried out on 106 patients with facial lacerations. There were no clinically apparent infections in either group of sutures. Intradermal monofilament nylon was associated with significantly less inflammatory response than similarly placed polyglycolic acid sutures. The lesser inflammatory response, the tolerance to infection, and the greatly prolonged tensile strength of monofilament nylon are factors that lend support to its being the superior intradermal suture in facial lacerations.
Adolescent↗
A comparative study of hearing-impaired and normal-hearing young adults--verbal and nonverbal abilities.
This report describes the results of a study comparing three groups of hearing-impaired young adults with a group of normal-hearing young adults on various measures of perceptual and memory abilities. Twelve paper-and-pencil tests representing intellectual capacity, closure, association, nonverbal short-term memory, and verbal short-term memory were used as dependent variables. Results show that there was no difference between the four groups of subjects except for tests requiring some verbal facility.
Adult↗
Comparative studies on immunochemical properties of female-specific serum protein and egg yolk proteins in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
1. Female-specific serum protein (FS) and egg yolk proteins of mature female rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were studied comparatively with reference to their immunological and some physicochemical properties. 2. FS was considered to be composed of two egg proteins, E1 and E2, which were isolated from the egg yolk by gel filtration. 3. The molecular weights of FS, E1 and E2 were estimated by gel filtration to be approx 600,000, 300,000 and 35,000, respectively. 4. The analysis with sodium dodecyl sulphate electrophoresis indicated that E1 consisted of two subunits with molecular weights of 90,000 and 15,000, and E2 was estimated to be a dimer of a molecule of 15,000. 5. Male and immature female trout were injected with estradiol-17 beta, and the production of proteins with the same antigenicity with FS was demonstrated.
Animals↗
A comparative study of double contrast and single contrast barium meals with endoscopic arbitration in the diagnosis of peptic ulcer.
The study compares the ability of a simple double contrast technique with our standard single contrast barium meal to diagnose peptic ulceration. Two hundred and six patients were randomly allocated to either examination. Endoscopy was used as the definitive diagnostic procedure. Deformity of the duodenal cap was more accurately detected by the double contrast technique (P less than 0.01). There was no significant difference in the detection rates for duodenal ulcer. False positive or false negative diagnoses of duodenal pathology were similar by both techniques. The incidence of gastric ulceration in the series was too low for statistical analysis.
Adult↗
Comparative studies on the 7-iodo and 7-fluoro derivatives of N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene: binding sites on DNA and conformational change of modified deoxytrinucleotides.
GMP and native DNA were reacted with 7-iodo and 7-fluoro derivatives of N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene. It was shown that the 7-halogeno derivatives react on C-8 of guanine. Furthermore the respective amount of arylamidation (covalent linkage on the C-8 of guanine) and arylation (covalent linkage on 2-NH2 groups of C3 of guanine) addition products was determined in both native and denatured DNA-[14C]AAIF. Two G containing deoxytrinucleotides modified by either AAFF or AAIF were studied comparatively by means of circular dichroism, and as a function of several parameters known to affect the conformation of the deoxytrinucleotides. The induced optical activity in fluorofluorene ring seemed to be very sensible to the conformational changes of the deoxytrinucleotides. On the other hand, the AAIF residue exhibit a lower induced optical activity which remained unchanged when the deoxytrinucleotides conformation was affected. The results presented in this paper led us to conclude that the AAFF and AAIF modified deoxytrinucleotides adopt a conformation which nicely fits with the insertion-denaturation and outside-binding model, respectively.
Acetoxyacetylaminofluorene↗
Intra- and interhemispheric EEG differences quantified by spectral analysis. Comparative study of two groups of schizophrenics and a control group.
In this work we have studied comparatively the relationships between alpha intensity, alpha frequency, root-mean-square amplitude and their standard deviations, versus the location of the four recorded EEG channels: left and right rolando-parietal, left and right parieto-occipital. Twenty-four spectral parameters were computed for each 5-min EEG recording, in the eyes closed situation. The hebephrenic group (36 EEGs from six patients) presented higher values of alpha intensity and RMS amplitudes with low coefficient of variation when compared with the other groups. The left/right rolando-parietal amplitude ratio was 0.73 versus 1.52 for the parieto-occipital ratio. An amplitude hypovariability in the central regions, probably associated with hyperarousal, especially in the left hemisphere, can then be observed in hebephrenics, together with high alpha intensity on the left parieto-occipital area. The two groups of schizophrenics differ from the control group (27 EEGs from 12 subjects) in terms of spectral parameters, the hebephrenic group presenting a possible interhemispheric dysfunction.
Adult↗
A comparative study on the microscopic anatomy of the sublingua of Tupaia glis (Tupaiiformes).
The microscopic anatomy of the sublingua of Tupaia glis was studied comparatively to find out if there is any possible explanation of the origin and the structural characteristics of the sublingual organ in Callicebus. The sublingua of Tupaia is at a primitive stage, but has nothing at all in common with the sublingual organ. The frenal lamella is not remarkable in this species. There are reasons to assume that the sublingual organ is a modified frenal lamella developed only in Callicebus.
Animals↗
A comparative study on the electrical and mechanical properties of human and guinea pig atrial muscles in vitro.
The transmembrane action potential and contractile force of isolated human atrial muscles which were obtained during cardiac surgery by using cardio-pulmonary by-pass technique here studied, compared with those of guinea pig left atrium. Force-requency curves showed a characteristic triphasic pattern, just as other mammalian atria. When extracellular calcium concentration was raised, percent change in contractile force was strengthened at high frequency of stimulation. When extracellular potassium concentration was reduced, contractile force became stronger and showed a monophasic pattern in response to increased frequency of stimulation. In a solution of lower ouabain concentration, action potential leaved unchanged or showed larger amplitude and longer durati-n. In a solution of higher or "therapeutic" concentration of ouabain, the duration of action potential was shortended, and in its "toxic" concentration, marked decreases in amplitude and duration were induced. The positive inotropic effect of ouabain was attributable to an increase in intensity of active state, because the rate of development of tension was increased without any significant change in the time to peak tension. When extracellular potassium concentration was reduced, contractile force became maximum at louer conce,tration of ouabain, and further increase of concentration induced ectopic impulse formation. In other words, atrail muscles cecame more sensitive to ouabain in a solution with decreased extracellular potassium concentration.
Action Potentials↗
[Comparative study of the effect of ionic and non-ionic surface-active compounds on plasmic membrane of yeast protoplasts].
Lytic effect of some cationic surface-active compounds (SAC) on yeast protoplast plasmic membrane is studied. Comparative analysis of the lytic effect of anionic, cationic and non-ionic SAC is carried out, a correlation between key physico-chemical characteristics of the agents (critical concentration of micellization, hydrophyle-lipophyle balance) and their lytic activity is investigated. A proposition is made on the presence in all biphylic compounds of a hydrophyly gradient, which is due to the effect of hydrophylic group on lipophylic properties of hydrophobic part of the molecule, and possible role of this factor in thelytic effect of biphylic compounds on biological membranes is discussed.
Cell Membrane↗
Comparative study of the effects of treatment with diethyleneiminebenzoquinone and its polymer complex with polyvinylpyrrolidone on the primary response of mice to sheep red blood cells.
The primary response of BALB/c mice to sheep red blood cells was used to study comparatively the time-dependent effects of a 5-day course of treatment with equivalent doses (0.8 mg/kg of body weight every day) of the cytotoxic agent diethyleneiminebenzoquinone (DEiBq) and its polymer complex with polyvinylpyrrolidone (DEiBqPVP). The experimental results show that in contrast to treatment with DEiBq, the ability of treated mice to establish a specific immune response was not markedly impaired during the treatment with DEiBqPVP. The possible significance of these results is considered with reference to the use of the synthetic polymer PVP as a carrier of cytotoxic groups in experimental cancer chemotherapy.
Animals↗