PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Computer Peripherals”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Reproducibility of bone density measurements of the distal radius using a high resolution special scanner for peripheral quantitative computed tomography (Single Energy PQCT)].

Reliable determination of bone loss in the skeletal system depends on the accuracy of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. We investigated short-term and long-term accuracy in vitro and in vivo using a new, commercially available special-purpose computed tomography scanner (Single Energy Peripheral QCT: XCT 900, Stratec FRG) for BMD measurements. Using a phantom, the long-term accuracy (3 months) in vitro yielded a coefficient of variation (cv) of 0.18%. Repeated measurements in 37 patients showed excellent reproducibility, with a cv of 0.71%. The differentiation into groups of low, average and high trabecular bone density demonstrated values of 0.61%, 0.59% and 0.98%, respectively for cv. BMD determination with pQCT is a high-precision method. It seems to be suitable for detection of trabecular bone loss in the range of the annual decrease in bone mass, provided the forearm is positioned with maximum care.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1991

[Selective proximal vagotomy and duodenoplasty in surgical treatment of stenotic duodenal ulcer].

Experience in the treatment of 70 patients with stenotic duodenal ulcer by surgery is generalized. In addition to SPV the patients underwent duodenoplasty as a draining operation. There were 61 (87.1%) males and 9 (12.9%) females. Their ages ranged from 18 to 70 years. The stenosis was compensated in 21 (30%), ++non-compensated in 32 (45.7%), and decompensated in 17 (24.3%) patients. To determine the possibility of performing SPV, the maintenance of the gastric contractile activity was studied by noninvasive methods: computed peripheral electrogastrography and computed gastro-scintigraphy. Involvement of the pylorus into the cicatricial-ulcerous inflammatory infiltration is the main contraindication for duodenoplasty. In view of that, intensive 2-3 week preoperative antiulcer therapy acquires particular significance; it removes or reduces significantly the inflammatory infiltration in most cases and raises the possibility of conducting duodenoplasty. Only intraoperative inspection of the pyloroduodenal segment allows the possibility and type of pylorus -preserving duodenum draining operation to be determined. This operation can be undertaken if the proximal boundary of the stenotic cicatricial-ulcerous deformity is at a distance of at least 1 cm from the pyloric sphincter, whatever the degree and length of the narrowing. A total of 43 operations form the Heineke-Mikulicz Mikulicz duodenoplasty, 17 for Finney's pyloroplasty, and 10 for bulbo-duodenostomy were carried out. The authors consider excision of the duodenal ulcer to be expedient and safe only when it is located on the anterior wall; it was carried out in 9 cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Peripheral quantitative computed tomography for bone mineral measurement using a new special QCT-scanner. Methodology, normal values, comparison with manifest osteoporosis].

Some years ago we designed a special purpose gamma-ray QCT scanner for bone mineral measurements at the forearm. Currently, the first commercially built scanners (Stratec SCT 900) are being tested and clinically evaluated. The scanner uses an 125I photon source with a multidetector translate rotate fan beam geometry and newly developed semiconductor crystals. Quantification of trabecular bone and total bone at a standardized radial cross section gives an in-vivo reproducibility of less than 1%, which is superior compared to all other bone mineral measurement techniques. In-vitro reproducibility is between 0.2 and 0.4%, measured with calibration phantoms. The high in vivo reproducibility is ensured by automatic contour finding algorithms to determine the bone mass within a forearm cross sectional slice. A number of healthy men (n = 201) and women (n = 400) were examined to obtain a reference population for comparison to patients with generalized bone disease. We compared 182 osteoporotic females with healthy subjects. The high precision of the device and the high sensitivity of the measurement site considering changes of trabecular bone mass provide a very powerful means for monitoring bone mineral loss or changes due to therapy, as well as high diagnostic sensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Computer-aided reading of ECG (author's transl)].

Computer-aided reading of 12-lead scalar ECGs was performed in 1800 cardiovascular patients with a tracing-and processing-system of IBM, Periphere Computer Systeme and Schwarzer using the Bonner analysis program. After analog-to-digital conversion and storage on a floppy disk the ECG data were transferred by telefone during night because of lower rates to the IBM computer at Munich. In the same way the prints were received from there. The review by a cardiologist showed correct interpretations in about 90%. False negative and other inadequate readings were found in 6% while false positive results were obtained in almost 1%, the remaining percents belonged to technical troubles.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1991

Connection of electronic medical devices in ICU according to the standard 'MIB'.

In the daily routine of an SICU, particularly in cardiac surgery, the nurses are to an increasing extent confronted with problems of connecting and using medical instruments as well as with documentation of the data of these instruments. An increasing number of user errors is to be expected. Use of advanced computer technology can help avoid such errors. In this paper the system 'ALODIN' is presented which is developed in our institutions according to the IEEE standard 'Medical Information Bus' (MIB). ALODIN-I will be part of a CCCS (computerized critical care system) which is installed in the clinic for cardiovascular surgery at Medical School Hannover.

Computer Peripherals↗
PubMed1992

Videoarthroscopy: review and state of the art.

Since the introduction of videoarthroscopy, there has been rapid technological advancement. The charged couple device (CCD) has become the standard small pickup unit for the present cameras. The video signal processing and transfer has been modified and improved. New Y/C or super VHS and red, green, blue (RGB) systems have been associated with improvements in monitors, video recorders, and video printers. Measurements of video quality such as resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, pixels, and contrast have been confusing to clinicians evaluating these new systems. Equipment compatibility and the weak-link theory is important to understand when selecting new equipment. This review article presents an update for the clinician who wants more information to differentiate among the new video arthroscopic systems.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

IAIMS and UMLS at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center.

The authors use an example to illustrate combining Integrated Academic Information Management System (IAIMS) components (applications) into an integral whole, to facilitate using the components simultaneously or in sequence. They examine a model for classifying IAIMS systems, proposing ways in which the United Medical Language System (UMLS) can be exploited them.

Computer Peripherals↗
PubMed1977

A computational model of cerebellar cortex and peripheral muscle.

A computational model, suitable for analytical or machine simulation studies, is developed for a specific cerebellar loop, the pathway from muscle fibre stretch receptors to the cerebellar cortex and back again. The model adheres to physiological data from the cat, and employs features from several existing models, including a single neuron model developed and tested earlier. Also included is a mechanical equivalent to an idealised muscle, in this case a rectangular array of muscle fibres which map 1-to-1 onto the array of compartments which form the cerebellar cortex. Much of the literature on cerebellar models is briefly reviewed, as are several key physiological experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Computer analysis of muscle reflex responses to electric stimulation of peripheral nerves].

A computer program is described which allows analysis of reflex muscle responses to electric stimulation of peripheral nerves. Basically, the program is derived from an older methodic approach, yet the process of evaluating the obtained means of reflex muscle responses is in this computer assisted procedure simpler and of a higher quality. The proposed improvement of the original methodic approach provides an important advantage for clinical practice in significantly speeding up the investigation and evaluation of reflex muscle responses on using financially accessible computer technique of Czechoslovak make. The paper points out the possibility of using the program also for analysis of other biological signals and of adjusting it for more efficient types of personal computers.

Electric Stimulation↗
PubMed1992

Integrated information-processing system in clinical orthodontics: an approach with use of a computer network system.

A computer network system has been developed in the Orthodontic Clinic, Osaka University Dental Hospital, to improve treatment efficiency and patient service. The system consists of a 32-bit host computer, its peripheral units, and personal computers connected to the host computer by data-transmission circuits, making up a local area network (LAN). It is possible in this system to integrate various types of data, such as the patient's basic information, treatment records, image data, and diagnostic analysis results to construct a relational database. It has been shown that the computer system developed in the orthodontic clinic has various clinical advantages.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1977

Results of computer-aided diagnosis of peripheral bronchial carcinoma.

Radiographic images can be converted into numerical sequences that can be evalueate by computer to determine the significance of certain radiographic findings in peripheral pulmonary nodules. Of three methods (discriminant analysis. Bayes' theoroem, and the Calm system), discriminant analysis has proven the best with an accuracy rate of 85%. By taking into account serial radiographs and statements on the possible growth of the neoplasm, the accuracy of the method can be increased to 90%. A simplified, inexpensive and effective method for application of this diagnostic tool is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Computer aided analysis of chromatin network and basophil color for differentiation of mononuclear peripheral blood cells.

Computer aided differentiation of plasmoblasts, Pfeiffer cells, immunoblasts, lymphocytes and centrocytes is achieved with the parameters of chromatin network arrangement and structure, and multispectral cytoplasm color. The digital methods involve: (a) segmenting the nuclear image into topographic sections and analyzing the optical density distribution from the chromatin in these sections; (b) determining the nuclear structure with a 7 x 7 median filter, gradient filter and contour following algorithms; and (c) clustering two-dimensional chromatic data from panoptically stained cellular components. The parameters reported here are a subset of those needed for the automated diagnosis of many hematologic diseases especially the leukemias.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1991

Electrophoretic gel image analysis software for the molecular biology laboratory.

We present GelReader 1.0, a microcomputer program designed to make precision, digital analysis of one-dimensional electrophoretic gels accessible to the molecular biology laboratory of modest means. Images of electrophoretic gels are digitized via a desktop flatbed scanner from instant photographs, autoradiograms or chromogenically stained blotting media. GelReader is then invoked to locate lanes and bands and generate a report of molecular weights of unknowns, based on specified sets of standards. Frequently used standards can be stored in the program. Lanes and bands can be added or removed, based upon users' subjective preferences. A unique lane histogram feature facilitates precise manual addition of bands missed by the software. Image enhancement features include palette manipulation, histogram equalization, shadowing and magnification. The user interface strikes a balance between program autonomy and user intervention, in recognition of the variability in electrophoretic gel quality and users' analytical needs.

Computer Peripherals↗