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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Electromagnetic radiation emitted from video computer terminals.

There has been a developing concern about potential health hazards attributable to electromagnetic radiation from video computer terminals. Since users of these devices typically spend many hours daily in close proximity, they would be subject to chronic long-term exposures to any emitted radiation. Radiation was detected at frequencies ranging from 1.5 kHz to 1,420 MHz in the RF portion of the EM spectrum and from 350 nm to 600 nm in the ultraviolet and visible region. However, the levels were far less than the most restrictive permissible exposure levels established by any agency or government of any nation. There is no experimental or epidemiological evidence presently available to indicate that these levels of RF radiation have any deleterious effects on the human biological system.

Computers↗
PubMed1975

The use of an interactive computer terminal in the assessment of cognitive function in elderly psychiatric patients.

The use of a teaching machine is the assessment of mental function has been described by Gredye and his colleagues. This report concerns its use in testing 56 elderly patients suffering from functional psychiatric disorders of dementia. After a diagnostic interview patients were tested on the teaching machine as well as on the Mill Hill, Progressive Matrices, Paired Associate Learning Test and Digit Copying Test. After a fixed period all tests were repeated and clincal progress rated. Results showed a significant correlation (P less than 0.01) between teaching-machine scores and those on the standard psychological tests. The correlation between the machine scores on the two occasions was high (r equals 0.58) but this was complicated by practice effects and by low 'ceiling' of the test. It is concluded that the test provided a relatively reliable and valid measure of cognitive function but that its value would be increased by providing a parallel form and by extending its level of difficulty.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

An on-line computer graphics terminal for radiotherapy treatment planning.

A programmed graphics terminal has been connected on-line to a large time-shared computer for calculating dose distributions in radiotherapy treatment planning and provides a viable alternative to dedicated systems and batch working. The terminal equipment is based on a mini-computer and includes a function-key devise for outline input, a large-screen refresh oscilloscope for viewing results and an X-Y plotter for hard-copy. Radiotherapy dose computation programs in standard Fortran are stored and run on a large remote computer with graphical interaction at the terminal. External beam programs can calculate dose distributions for most commonly used treatment situations and can compute in off-axis planes. Data input is fully interactive and easy to understnad. Dose distributions are displayed as isodose contours. Advantages of the system include accuracy, speed, ease of use and maintenance, and transferability of the programs between different host computers.

Data Display↗
PubMed1992

[Electromagnetic radiations from computer video terminals and their effect on health].

The paper is concerned with a brief analysis of the reported data on hygienic, epidemiological and experimental estimation of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of a video-terminal (VDT). The results of the author's investigations are presented. Based on the data obtained it is concluded that low-intensity wide-band EMR occurs in work places of VDT users. One should bear in mind that the biological action of EMR has not been studied so far.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patient data acquisition.

Patient data are acquired in three ways: by direct interrogation; physiological measurements; and analysis of specimens, signals, and images. When computers are used to acquire information from the patient directly, difficulties arise from the lack of standardized patient medical history, the complexities of natural language processing, and the problems of man/machine communication (patient with computer terminal, and physician with computer-generated history). A great variety of data input devices have been used for the acquisition of the patient medical history. Most have been extensively used in multiphasic health testing programs, and this experience is freely drawn upon in this paper.

Computers↗
PubMed1976

Rentran. An on-line computer-based regional kidney transplant matching system.

An interactive on-line computerized renal transplant matching system called RENTRAN which serves the Southwest Kidney Transplant Region is described. The region consists of one transplant center in Arkansas, two in Oklahoma, and six in Texas. The computer used is the DECsystem-10 located in the Medical Computing Resources Center at Dallas. RENTRAN participants have remotely located standard interactive computer terminals and gain access to the computer by dialing over normal telephone lines. Functions provided by RENTRAN include obtaining instructions, performing a donor-recipient match, obtaining a list of potential recipients, making a user comment or adding, updating or deleting a potential recipient record. Either long or short formats for dialog with the computer system are available for inexperienced and experienced and users, respectively. In the time period from August 1,1973, when the system went into production on February 1, 1976, there have been in excess of 232 matches attempted and approximately 142 kidneys have been transplanted according to RENTRAN results. There are about 361 recipients currently on the data base. The system was developed with funds provided by the Texas Regional Medical Program. Expenses of maintaining the system as well as occasional programmed improvements as deemed appropriate by the Southwest Kidney Transplant Region Registry Committee on the basis of user comments are provided through a $25 per year charge to patients for being listed on the data base.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

Collusion of information on computerized patient management examinations.

In a computer presented examination the ratio of examinees to computer terminals is generally large. This implies that a computer presented test might span an entire day or several days with different groups of examinees taking the examination at different times. In such a situation, examinees who take the examination later on have the opportunity to gather information from their colleagues who took the examination earlier. This report investigates whether information exchanged between groups of examinees taking a computer presented patient management problem test improves the performance of late takers versus early takers. Results indicate that there is no exchange of information between groups of candidates.

Alberta↗
PubMed1978

An automated verbal medical history system.

Computer-based automated medical history acquisition systems have not been as widely utilized as originally anticipated. The high cost, limited accessibility and alien nature of the computer terminal equipment have all been cited as important factors in the limited acceptance. A system has been developed that makes it possible to use a standard household telephone as the computer input and output terminal in obtaining medical history data. Patient acceptance is excellent, and medical information gathered using this technique is as accurate as that obtained by self-administered questionnaires or personal interviews. This system maintains the advantages of the terminal-based automated history program while eliminating many of its deficiencies.

Computers↗
PubMed1977

A simulated patient-physician encounter using a talking computer.

Computer-based clinical simulations provide a means for evaluating the information-gathering and patient-management competencies of physicians. The need for expensive computer terminals has restricted physician use of these simulations. This computer-based program permits physicians to complete computer-based encounters using a standard touch-tone telephone.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1978

On-line computer storage, retrieval, and reporting of coded angiographic data.

Interpretations of angiographic images have been coded and stored using an on-line computer terminal for seven years. Decoded angiographic information is incorporated in computer-generated reports which are printed on demand after completion of cardiac catheterization procedures. Currently, almost 5,500 cases are stored in an off-line data base which has been designed to help identify patterns with prognostic potential. Also, the program has helped standardize angiographic nomenclature, saved much clerical time, and virtually eliminated clerical errors. The program interacts with other software in the hospital, avoiding repetitious entries. The advantages and shortcomings of the program and commonly used approaches to computer storage/retrieval of radiographic information are described.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

[Formative evaluation of education].

The formative evaluation tries to obtain, analyze and furnish information over the planning and development of a course, which is brought about through a continuous performance of the students during the course. This method allows for the adoption of corrective measures with reference to the course (presentation of other learning opportunities, preparation of instructive materials, revision of curriculum, etc.) and with reference to the student (studies prescribed). The formative evaluation may be fulfilled by means of repeated tests which the student himself will correct and, subsequently, will discuss with the professor; it can also be processed by means of the students self-evaluation, interacting with computer terminals. CLATES/Rio presents its experience employing minicomputers to allow for self-evaluation in bioscience courses.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Computer-assisted instruction in surgery.

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is an educational medium which provides a highly interactive, adaptive, and individualized learning experience for the student or physician. A CAI system has benn developed to prepare a curriculum in general surgery. The surgical seminars written on this system have been used enthusiastically by students, residents, and interns for the past 18 months. Using a computer terminal (printer or television screen) connected by telephone to a minicomputer, the user participates in simulated seminars with the authors, viewing information and answering questions based on the material presented. The student responds by typing the answer in his own words, and the computer (author) responds with further information designed specifically for that answer. This response may support or contest what the student said, may branch the student to material covered previously, or instead may lead the student through as much remedial material as he needs. A more sophisticated student will progress rapidly through the seminar. Twenty-five surgeon/authors (at 15 medical schools) are preparing seminars, and it is planned that a complete library in general surgery will be available to departments of surgery nationally by September, 1978, via the Health Education Network.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗