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Results for “Constriction”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Reduced verapamil inhibition of endothelin-1-constricted rabbit basilar artery due to enhanced non L-type Ca(2+)-channel-dependent constriction.

This study tested whether (1) L-type Ca(2+) channel blockade and extracellular Ca(2+) removal prior to endothelin-1, as compared to during the endothelin-1 constriction, resulted in lesser inhibition, and (2) the reduced inhibition due to prior L-type Ca(2+) channel blockade resulted from enhanced non L-type Ca(2+)-channel-dependent constriction. Pretreatment of rabbit basilar artery in vitro with 1 microM verapamil, an L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, inhibited 3, 10, 30, and 100 nM endothelin-1 constrictions to a lesser extent than verapamil addition during the plateau endothelin-1 constriction. Ni(2+) (0.03 and 0.1 mM), a nonselective cation channel blocker, relaxed the plateau endothelin-1 constrictions in vessels pretreated with verapamil to greater magnitudes than vessels unexposed to verapamil. Extracellular Ca(2+) removal prior to 10, 30, and 100 nM endothelin-1 also inhibited the endothelin-1 constrictions to smaller magnitudes than Ca(2+) removal during the plateau endothelin-1 constrictions. These results suggest that the reduced inhibition of the endothelin-1 constriction following pretreatment with L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker or Ca(2+)-free solution, as compared to addition of these agents during the endothelin-1 constriction, is the result of non L-type Ca(2+) channel opening and enhanced Ca(2+)-independent constriction, respectively.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Lassa fever associated with effusive constrictive pericarditis and bilateral atrioventricular annular constriction: a case report].

A case of Lassa fever associated with effusive constrictive pericarditis and bilateral atrioventricular annular constriction was reported. A 49-year-old man, who had been diagnosed by indirect fluorescent antibody test as the first case of Lassa fever in Japan, was referred to the Hiroo Hospital because of syncope, progressive hepatomegaly, ascites and pericardial effusion in spite of pericardiocentesis and corticosteroid therapy. On admission, his blood pressure was 92/60 mmHg and he had a paradoxical pulse. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed a localized pericardial effusion adjacent to the right ventricular wall and behind the left ventricular posterior wall. Bilateral atrioventricular annular constriction was also present. On pulsed Doppler echocardiography, the peak inflow velocities of the right and left ventricles increased during atrial systole. Right heart catheterization revealed a mean diastolic pressure gradient of 8 mmHg across the tricuspid valve. After pericardiectomy, a diastolic dip and plateau pattern became evident in the right ventricular pressure tracing, suggesting the presence of residual constriction. However, the atrioventricular annular constriction was no longer evident on two-dimensional echocardiography. This is considered the first reported case of subacute effusive constrictive pericarditis caused by Lassa fever.

Cardiac Catheterization↗

PubMed1983

Inflammatory constriction following complete pericardiectomy in tuberculous constrictive pericarditis.

A 13-year-old boy with active tuberculous constrictive pericarditis underwent complete pericardiectomy together with antituberculous therapy and a short course of steroids. Six weeks following the surgery, he was seen with clinical and hemodynamic findings of recurrent pericardial constriction, presumably due to an inflammatory collection around the heart. Symptoms gradually resolved within six months with resumption of steroid therapy. Repeat hemodynamic study showed normal hemodynamics. The case demonstrates the production of cardiac constriction by nonpericardial inflammatory tissue and the possible benefits of steroid therapy in the treatment of tuberculous constrictive pericarditis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Resting and exercise hemodynamics in constrictive pericarditis and a case of cardiac amyloidosis mimicking constriction.

The resting and exercise hemodynamics in seven patients with pericardial constriction and in one patient with cardiac amyloidosis are described. Equalization of left and right heart diastolic filling pressures was observed in all cases, both at rest and during exercise. This hemodynamic response, although typical, should not be considered pathognomonic of pericardial constriction.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Surgical technique for the management of constrictive epicarditis complicating constrictive pericarditis (the waffle procedure).

Epicardial constriction is a frequent accompaniment of constrictive pericarditis. The operative procedure presented here is an atraumatic, effective alternative to epicardial resection.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗

PubMed2006

Relationship between fluoroscopic and manometric measures of pharyngeal constriction: the pharyngeal constriction ratio.

OBJECTIVES: The gold standard objective measure of pharyngeal strength is pharyngeal manometry. We have developed an objective fluoroscopic measure of pharyngeal strength, the pharyngeal constriction ratio (PCR). A high PCR indicates poor pharyngeal constriction. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between the PCR and peak pressures on pharyngeal manometry. METHODS: The charts of 20 consecutive individuals who underwent a dynamic fluoroscopic swallow evaluation and pharyngeal manometry at the Center for Voice and Swallowing of the University of California, Davis, were retrospectively reviewed. Information regarding patient demographics, diagnoses, PCR, and manometric pharyngeal peak pressures was abstracted. The correlation between the PCR and pharyngeal pressure was determined with the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The mean (+/-SD) age of the cohort was 63 +/- 11 years. Fourteen of the 20 patients (70%) were male. The most common diagnoses were reflux (7 of 20) and cerebrovascular accident (4 of 20). The mean PCR was 0.26 +/- 0.31. The mean pharyngeal pressure was 83 +/- 43 mm Hg. The correlation between the PCR and pharyngeal pressure was -0.70 (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: There was a high inverse correlation between the PCR and the peak pharyngeal pressure on manometry (-0.70). The PCR appears to be a valid objective surrogate measure of pharyngeal strength.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Histopathological study of Sauropus androgynus-associated constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans: a new cause of constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans.

The development of constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans in patients who have ingested Sauropus androgynus juice has not been previously reported. We describe four patients with S. androgynus-associated constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans who underwent open lung biopsies for histopathological analysis. This article aims to recognize the possible pathogenesis of the disease. The spectrum of histologic changes ranged from slight bronchiolar inflammation and fibrosis to marked submucosal fibrosis causing complete cicatricial obliteration of the lumen. A dense eosinophil infiltrate was noted in the bronchiolar submucosa or fibrotic tissue of the completely obliterated bronchioles in two patients. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that lymphocytic infiltrate consisted mainly of T lymphocytes in all patients. Immunofluorescent stains for immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, IgM, C1q, C3, and C4 were negative. Electron microscopy disclosed no immune complex deposition in the specimens examined. Although the role of antibody- and complement-mediated reaction is not supported by the negative results of immunofluorescent and electron microscopic studies, the common finding of the predominant T-lymphocytic infiltrate suggests that a T-cell mediated immune response is involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Furthermore, the finding of a heavy lymphocytic infiltrate in many bronchioles without significant collagen deposition suggests that the lymphocytic infiltrate may precede the tissue fibrosis. In addition, the presence of a dense eosinophil infiltrate may combine with lymphocytes and other immunologic and mesenchymal cells to promote antigen-specific stimulation of lymphocytes and induction of fibrosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Constriction band-induced vascular compromise of the foot: classification and management of the "intermediate" stage of constriction-ring syndrome.

Gangrene of an extremity secondary to a congenital constriction band may result from in utero or postnatal vascular compromise. Often ths process is completed in utero following spontaneous resolution of the vascular insufficiency, resulting in a healed wound by fetal repair and regeneration or in amputation of the distal part. When this process is progressive as a result of worsening lymphaticovenous and/or arterial obstruction with associated soft-tissue necrosis, salvage of the distal part can be accomplished by immediate decompression to evacuate the lymphedema fluid, staged band excision, Z-plasty closure, and topical antimicrobial therapy of the open wound. A revised classification of constriction-ring syndrome incorporating the "intermediate" stage (3B) of severe lymphaticovenous compromise with soft-tissue loss is introduced.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[A study of tricuspid-tailoring annular constriction in autopsy cases--cases which appear to embody limitation of tricuspid-tailoring annular constriction].

We our department have performed tricuspid-tailoring annular constriction (T-TAC) as salvage operation for secondary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) with gratifying results. Of those cases undergoing MVR and T-TAC for mitral valve regurgitation (MR) and secondary TR with an associated severe cardiac cachexia, 2 autopsy cases in which an associated severe cardiac cachexia, 2 autopsy cases in which residual tricuspid regurgitation culminated in patient's death long after operation were investigated. In Case 1, the patient was discharged asymptomatic 2 months after operation, but later developed severe left heart failure and marked tricuspid regurgitation as precipitated by upper respiratory tract infection and died from exacerbation of LOS before undergoing a scheduled reoperation. T-TAC was found successful on autopsy. In Case 2, the patient died of long-persisting left heart failure and severe residual tricuspid regurgitation after following a similar postoperative course to that in Case 1. On autopsy stitches made through the tricuspid anterior leaflet, septum and posterior leaflet were found untied and loosened and the tricuspid annulus diameter increased. In severe valvular heart disease, even if T-TAC has proven successful, aggravation of cardiac failure may lead to the development of TR. Because of the fragility of myocardial tissue due to severe myocardial damage in such compromised patients, sophisticated operative techniques need to be devised. Cases illustrative of a limited long-term success of T-TAC used alone are presented.

Constriction↗

PubMed1962