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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

The pH of multi-purpose soft contact lens solutions.

Contact lens patient discomfort has been linked to the pH of lens care solutions differing from that of tears. To determine if this is a potential problem with multi-purpose soft contact lens solutions, we used a Fisher Scientific Accumet 950 pH/ion meter (accuracy +/- 0.05 pH units) to measure the pH of 3 multi-purpose solutions-Alcon's Opti-One, Allergan's Complete, and Bausch & Lomb's ReNu. The resulting pH values were compared to the threshold for ocular awareness, which is outside the zone of 6.6 to 7.8, and the pH value of tears of 7.45. Each solution was dispensed and measured daily over a 23- to 36-day period using 15-ml increments to simulate the amount used on a daily basis. The average pH of solutions tested were 7.18 +/- 0.02 for ReNu, 6.97 +/- 0.02 for Opti-One, and 7.55 +/- 0.02 for Complete. The highest and lowest pH values of all three multi-purpose solutions were found to be within the zone of ocular comfort and remained within a narrow value range throughout the testing period. Therefore, pH-induced discomfort is unlikely to occur when using these solutions on a daily basis. Nonetheless, practitioners should select lens care products carefully to ensure that the prescribed regimen meets the patient's needs.

Contact Lens Solutions↗
PubMed1994

[Acanthamoeba isolation from contact lens solution of contact lens wearers without keratitis].

Acanthamoeba keratitis seems to be associated with wearing contact lenses. As controls, we surveyed contact lens wearers without keratitis. Contact lens solutions of 93 persons were examined in order to identify risk factors for contamination by Acanthamoeba. Therefore, the contact lens disinfection system and storage schedules were studied in each case. Acanthamoeba organisms were isolated from 4 specimens (4.3%). The incidence of Acanthamoeba was higher in specimens of soft contact lens solution than in those of hard contact lens solution, and all the Acanthamoeba positive cases had been using tap water.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1989

pH consistency and stability of contact lens solutions.

The pH of contact lens solutions has been implicated in the comfort of contact lenses on insertion. The pH of five samples each of 11 different products available for the rinsing and wetting of contact lenses was measured over a 4-month period. Buffered solutions were initially neutral to slightly basic (mean pH 7.03-7.83) and remained relatively close to their original pH throughout the study. The unbuffered solutions tested were initially acidic (5.81 and 5.46). One unbuffered solution rapidly became even more acidic (5.01) before rebounding slightly toward its original value. The difference in the mean pH between all the buffered solutions and the unbuffered solutions was found to be statistically significant. This study indicates the use of buffered solutions unless otherwise contraindicated.

Buffers↗
PubMed1995

Resistance of adhered bacteria to rigid gas permeable contact lens solutions.

We examined eight conditioning or disinfecting solutions recommended for use with rigid gas permeable (RGP) or hard contact lenses for their efficacy against planktonic and attached cells of bacteria and Candida albicans. Most solutions, particularly those containing phenylmercuric nitrate and polyaminopropyl biguanide, gave marked inhibition (99.99% reduction within 4 hours) of planktonic cells of bacteria. Planktonic cells of Serratia marcescens and C. albicans survived in certain solutions containing chlorhexidine and benzalkonium chloride. In contrast, cells of all test microorganisms adhered to wells of polyethylene contact lens cases showed various degrees of survival after 4, 6, and 12 hours of exposure to most contact lens solutions. Drying of the lens case with adhered cells for 10 hours prior to addition of the lens solution usually reduced the incidence of recovery. Studies demonstrated that biofilms developed in cases with solutions of low and high efficacy. The enhanced resistance of adhered cells requires the periodic disinfection or replacement of lens cases used with RGP lenses.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1995

Anti-Mastigina activities of eight contact lens solutions.

The effects of eight contact lens solutions on a Mastigina sp., which was associated with the infected eye of a patient, were studied. The solutions which killed the organism promptly were those which are used for gas-permeable and hard contact lenses. Some solutions for soft contact lenses were more effective than others.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1996

Bacterial contamination of hydrophilic contact lens solutions marketed in spain.

Bacterial contamination of hydrophilic contact lens solutions may play an important role in contact lens-associated ocular infections. This study investigated bacterial contamination in 52 different hydrophilic contact lens solutions marketed in Spain by 12 different companies. We filtered the entire contents of 5 new, factory-sealed bottles from each of the 52 brands and cultured the fitter on a neutralizing broth plate. Bacteria were cultured, isolated, and identified from 29 of the 260 bottles tested (11.15%). Eight of the 52 brands had at least 1 of the 5 bottles contaminated (15.38%). Contaminated solutions originated from four different companies. One manufacturer contributed most of the positive cases due, presumably, to an industrial contamination by Pseudomonas fluorescens. The rest of the culture-positive bottles were contaminated by Bacillus spp. and Oerskovia spp.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1996

The use of synthetic Cecropin (D5C) in disinfecting contact lens solutions.

PURPOSE: Microbial keratitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common contact lens associated corneal infection. Cecropins are microbicidal peptides isolated from the hemolymph of the Cecropia moth. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated their efficacy against a broad spectrum of ocular pathogens. This study was designed: a) to evaluate the antimicrobial potency of three different contact lens solutions (Renu, Complete, and Opti-Free) against P. aeruginosa, and b) to evaluate the activity of the same contact lens solutions in combination with a synthetic cecropin analog, D5C, against the challenge organism in the presence of a soft contact lens. METHODS: A virulent strain of P.aeruginosa isolated from a case of ulcerative keratitis was used in the study. Three different concentrations of bacteria (10(3), 10(5) and 10(7) CFU/mL) were inoculated into the contact lens solutions and into buffered saline, which was employed as a control. The samples were incubated at 27 degrees C, and at time 0, 30, and 90 minutes, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and aliquots of the test solutions were plated and subcultured on nutrient agar. After 24 hours of incubation at 37 degrees C, colonies observed on the nutrient agar plates were counted. To study the antimicrobial efficacy of D5C (100 micrograms/mL), we used the identical test series and assay, adding a soft contact lens to the solutions and a larger inoculum of bacteria (10(9) CFU/mL). RESULTS: After 72 hours, all of the contact lens solutions tested sterilized 10(3) CFU/mL of P. aeruginosa. At 10(7) CFU/mL, they yielded greater than 2 logs of killing of the bacteria, but the solutions were not sterilized. The addition of D5C (100 micrograms/mL) to the contact lens solutions yielded greater than 3 logs of killing with a larger inoculum of bacteria in the presence of the soft contact lens. CONCLUSION: The contact lens solutions tested were effective against P. aeruginosa at 27 degrees C for up to 72 hours with an inoculum of 10(3) CFU/mL. The addition of D5C augmented their antimicrobial activity in the presence of the contact lens.

Colony-Forming Units Assay↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative antimicrobial efficacy of soft and rigid gas permeable contact lens solutions against Acanthamoeba.

Ten soft contact lens cleaners, three rigid gas permeable contact lens (RGP) disinfecting-soaking solutions, and four hydrophilic contact lens disinfecting solutions were evaluated by laboratory challenge procedures for their antimicrobial efficacy against trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba polyphaga and Acanthamoeba castellanii. MiraFlow was the only cleaner that killed trophozoites and cysts on all lenses during the cleaning step. A disinfecting solution preserved with chlorhexidine and one preserved with benzalkonium chloride killed trophozoites of A. polyphaga within 4 hours, but cysts persisted in both solutions for at least 2 days. Cysts of A. polyphaga survived in three disinfecting solutions up to one week, whereas those of A. castellanii were recovered from six disinfecting solutions at 7 days. An RGP solution that is marketed only in Japan was effective against trophozoites and cysts of both species within 30 minutes.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed2006

Multistate outbreak of Fusarium keratitis associated with use of a contact lens solution.

CONTEXT: Fusarium keratitis is a serious corneal infection, most commonly associated with corneal injury. Beginning in March 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention received multiple reports of Fusarium keratitis among contact lens wearers. OBJECTIVE: To define the specific activities, contact lens hygiene practices, or products associated with this outbreak. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Epidemiological investigation of Fusarium keratitis occurring in the United States. A confirmed case was defined as keratitis with illness onset after June 1, 2005, with no history of recent ocular trauma and a corneal culture growing Fusarium species. Data were obtained by patient and ophthalmologist interviews for case patients and neighborhood-matched controls by trained personnel. Available Fusarium isolates from patients' clinical and environmental specimens were genotyped by multilocus sequence typing. Environmental sampling for Fusarium was conducted at a contact lens solution manufacturing plant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Keratitis infection with Fusarium species. RESULTS: As of June 30, 2006, we identified 164 confirmed case patients in 33 states and 1 US territory. Median age was 41 years (range, 12-83 years). Corneal transplantation was required or planned in 55 (34%). One hundred fifty-four (94%) of the confirmed case patients wore soft contact lenses. Forty-five case patients and 78 controls were included in the case-control study. Case patients were significantly more likely than controls to report using a specific contact lens solution, ReNu with MoistureLoc (69% vs 15%; odds ratio, 13.3; 95% confidence interval, 3.1-119.5). The prevalence of reported use of ReNu MultiPlus solution was similar between case patients and controls (18% vs 20%; odds ratio, 0.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-2.8). Fusarium was not recovered from the factory, warehouse, solution filtrate, or unopened solution bottles; production of implicated lots was not clustered in time. Among 39 isolates tested, at least 10 different Fusarium species were identified, comprising 19 unique multilocus genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this investigation indicate that this outbreak of Fusarium keratitis was associated with use of ReNu with MoistureLoc contact lens solution. Contact lens users should not use ReNu with MoistureLoc.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Viability of Acanthamoeba after exposure to a multipurpose disinfecting contact lens solution and two hydrogen peroxide systems.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Contact lens cases contaminated with Acanthamoeba are a major risk factor for an infection of the eye. In this study the anti-Acanthamoeba activity of three different contact lens storage solutions was tested. METHODS: A new multipurpose contact lens storage solution (Meni Care Plus) and a two step (Titmus H(2)O(2)) and one step (Oxysept Comfort) hydrogen peroxide system were tested for their effects on trophozoites and cysts of three different Acanthamoeba species: A castellanii, A hatchetti, and A lenticulata. RESULTS: After a soaking time of 8 hours (overnight soaking of contact lenses) the Titmus H(2)O(2) 0.6% solution showed very good amoebicidal effects, while Oxysept Comfort 3% H(2)O(2) could not effectively destroy the cysts of any of the three tested species. Viable cysts of the species A lenticulata and A hatchetti were still present after exposure to Meni Care Plus (0.0005% PHMB) for 8 hours. CONCLUSION: Not all of the three tested contact lens storage solutions have sufficient amoebicidal effects. The two step peroxide system Titmus H(2)O(2) is a very effective disinfectant contact lens solution in order to avoid a possible Acanthamoeba infection of the eye.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed2005

Effect of a multipurpose contact lens solution on the survival and binding of Acanthamoeba species on contact lenses examined with a no-rub regimen.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of a multipurpose contact lens solution (ReNu MultiPlus Multi-Purpose Solution [RMP]) on the relative survival and binding of trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba on hydrogel lenses with a no-rub regimen. METHODS: A stand-alone test procedure with RMP was conducted with and without the presence of organic soil (1 x 10(7) colony-forming units/mL heat-killed cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum). Survival of amoebae on hydrogel contact lenses exposed to RMP was determined with a no-rub care regimen. RESULTS: ReNu MultiPlus Multi-Purpose Solution reduced the number of recoverable amoebae by more than 95% within 4 hours of inocula of 10(5) trophozoites and cysts, regardless of the presence or absence of an organic soil. Amoebae, particularly cysts, were readily rinsed from contact lenses, including silicone hydrogels, without rubbing after exposure to RMP. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of RMP for Acanthamoeba was not appreciably altered in the presence of organic soil in a no-rub protocol. The antimicrobial activity, in part, appeared to be a combination of reducing the capacity for binding of representative Acanthamoeba to the lens by alteration of morphology, often followed by lysis of the amoebae.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1998

Anti-Acanthamoeba activity of contact lens solutions.

AIMS: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of contact lens disinfecting solutions on strains of Acanthamoeba from the United Kingdom and southern Africa and to compare the results with those of other researchers. No information was previously available for southern African isolates. METHODS: 11 contact lens solutions were tested on cysts of 10 strains of Acanthamoeba. RESULTS: Not all solutions used in the study were effective, with some for hard and gas permeable contact lenses being more satisfactory than those for soft contact lenses. The most effective of the gas permeable and hard contact lens solutions tested was Transoak (0.01% (wt/vol) benzalkonium chloride), which killed cysts of all strains within 4 hours of exposure. Oxysept 1 (31 mg hydrogen peroxide/ml) was the best soft contact lens solution tested. It eliminated cysts of certain strains within 4 hours, whereas cysts of other strains were only inactivated within either 8 or 72 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Manufacturers should be aware of the killing time for Acanthamoeba by contact lens solutions and should provide appropriate guidelines for the use thereof. The killing time for cysts of the African and UK isolates studied is, in general, similar. Therefore, it must in the present state of knowledge be assumed that usage guidelines suggested in the UK are also appropriate for travellers to South Africa and for local residents in South Africa.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed2005

Effects of multipurpose contact lens solutions on the protein composition of the tear film.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the influence of multipurpose contact lens cleaning solutions on tear proteins. Changes in tear film protein profiles of contact lens wearers who used several marketed brands of multipurpose contact lens care solutions, were assessed by ProteinChip analysis. METHODS: Three studies were conducted. Study I was a comparison of Complete and OptiFree multipurpose solutions. Study II was a study with Complete Moisture Plus solution, Study II was a comparison of Renu and Solocare contact lens solutions. Wearers of soft contact lenses were assigned to use the contact lens care solutions for 4 weeks. Non-contact lens wearing patients were used as controls. Tear samples of each participant were analyzed with the ProteinChip (SELDI-TOF) system. Multivariate statistical analysis and artificial neural networks were used to determine the tear protein profiles of each study group. RESULTS: Before starting the use of the solutions, the tear protein composition in all contact lens wearers deviated from the tear composition of the non-contact lens wearing controls. After 4 weeks of using the different care regimens, the tear protein composition of the patients using Complete or Complete Moisture Plus solutions tended to move toward that of the non-contact lens wearing controls. The tear protein composition of patients using the OptiFree, Renu or Solocare solutions did not undergo a measureable change in the protein level. CONCLUSIONS: The ProteinChip system can analyze protein profiles for large-scale applications as in clinical studies. Two multipurpose solutions, Complete and Complete Moisture Plus, demonstrated a beneficial effect on the tear proteins in contact lens wearers.

Contact Lens Solutions↗
PubMed2002

In vitro and in vivo effects of a lubricant in a contact lens solution.

PURPOSE: Physical properties and tear film function were investigated for a multipurpose contact lens solution containing the ocular lubricant hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). METHODS: In the laboratory, wetting properties of multipurpose solutions with and without HPMC, and binding of HPMC to hydrogel lenses in vitro following an overnight soak, were measured. Tear physiology was evaluated in 35 hydrogel contact lens wearers using multipurpose solutions with and without HPMC. Pre-lens tear evaporation rate (TER), tear thinning time (TTT) and tear film structure (TFS) were recorded, and subjective responses were obtained. RESULTS: Laboratory measurements indicated improved wetting with the HPMC-containing solution, and continued release of HPMC from lenses after an overnight soak in the solution. Pre-lens TTT was longer (p < 0.001) and pre-lens TFS was improved (p = 0.034) with use of the HPMC-containing solution. Pre-lens TER and subjective comparisons did not demonstrate significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: In vitro and in vivo results are consistent with HPMC producing a thicker, longer-lasting layer of fluid on the hydrogel lens, leading to improvements in tear function in contact lens wearers.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

In vitro ocular irritancy measure of four contact lens solutions: damage and recovery.

We measured the potential toxicity of four contact lens solutions using an in vitro approach in which the optical quality of the cultured bovine lens was measured as a function of exposure to each substance tested. This approach uses an automated scanning laser to measure the focal variability of lenses contained in special culture cells and maintained under long-term culture conditions. The products tested included three rigid gas permeable contact lens conditioning solutions (Boston Conditioning Solution, Boston Advance Conditioning Solution, and a new formulation of Boston Advance Conditioning Solution [Polymer Technology]) and one soft contact lens disinfecting system (OptimEyes; Core Technologies). The results indicate a wide range of toxicologic potential that corresponds, on a relative basis, with published in vivo evaluation of the same substances. Moreover, the results demonstrate that this in vitro system can be used to evaluate the potential for recovery from damage caused by the four solutions tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Loss of antibacterial preservatives from contact lens solutions during storage.

The preservative content of 34 commercially available contact lens solutions has been determined. Over half of the solutions contained less than 90% of the stated preservative content. Storage tests conducted at 40 degrees, using both simulated and commercially available contact lens solutions in plastics containers of the type used to present these products showed that thiomersal and chlorbutol appeared to be sorbed by these containers in contrast to benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate which interacted mainly by a surface adsorption process. The extent of any interactions was dependent upon the type of plastics material used to fabricate the container.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗