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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Predicting contraceptive behavior among college students: the role of communication, knowledge, sexual anxiety, and self-esteem.

Undergraduate students were surveyed about their sexual behavior and contraceptive behavior. In addition, measures of their self-esteem, knowledge about contraception, communication with their dating partners, communication about sexual matters with their sexual partners, and sexual anxiety were taken. Consistent with Byrne's (1983) model of effective contraception, it was found that general and sexual communication with one's partner were significant predictors of contraception use. Directional, but statistically weak, support was obtained for the predictions that knowledge about contraception and sexual anxiety would be related to contraception use. No support was found for the prediction that general self-esteem would be associated with contraceptive behavior.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1991

[Sex education, sex behavior, contraception].

Sexual behavior has changed during the last decades. Teenage fertility rate, and the number of gonococcal infections are both extremely high; the incidence of HIV-infections is increasing. Preventive measures include sex education. Sex education may help the adolescents to identify their own goals for sexual behavior, to avoid unintended and unwanted pregnancy, and to avoid sexually transmitted diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of three social-psychological models of attitude and behavioral plan: prediction of contraceptive behavior.

We compared the predictive validities of three prominent models of attitudes and behavioral decisions: Rosenberg's instrumentality-value model, Fishbein's belief-evaluation model, and Beach's adaptation of subjective expected utility theory. Seventy female undergraduates rated each of the models' components and reported their attitudes and behavioral plans toward using three different methods of contraception. With the traditional across-subjects prediction procedure, the Rosenberg model generally accounted for 5-25% less variance in subjects' attitudes and behavioral plans than the Fishbein an Beach models, which were not different. With a within-subject prediction procedure, the Rosenberg model was again the least accurate, and the Fishbein and Beach models had similar predictive accuracy. As hypothesized, within-subject predictions were more accurate than across-subjects predictions. The relatively poor performance of the Rosenberg model was attributable to the instrumentality component. In addition, we found that the Beach model could be simplified with no appreciable loss in predictive accuracy. Finally, a subject's personal normative beliefs emerged as a strong independent predictor of behavioral plan.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

School-based clinic use and other factors affecting adolescent contraceptive behavior.

Adolescent risk taking, preventive behavior, and contraceptive use were investigated using a self-administered questionnaire in a sample of 260 inner-city high school students targeted by a school-based health clinic. Multivariate models consisting of individual and environmental variables significantly predicted sexual activity and contraceptive use. Older age at first intercourse, higher number of welfare benefits received by the household (including Medicaid, food stamps, and free or reduced price lunch), and use of the school-based clinic were significant positive predictors of more frequent contraceptive use by adolescents. Results of our study suggest that programs may be having some success in encouraging and enabling sexually active adolescents to use contraception and to use it more consistently. Rigorous program evaluations should help program planners and policy makers design and refine adolescent pregnancy-prevention efforts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Predicting male and female contraceptive behavior: a discriminant analysis of groups high, moderate, and low in contraceptive effectiveness.

An exploratory, multivariate study was carried out to assess (a) whether three contraceptive-effectiveness groups (high, moderate, and low) could be differentiated on the basis of variables that have been theoretically and empirically associated with contraceptive behavior and (b) whether an identified set of discriminating variables could accurately classify sexually active college students into these groups. Three hundred sixty-five sexually active, never-married college students (211 males and 154 females) completed instruments measuring variables related to contraception. Four separate discriminant analyses were performed, one for each sex for both their initial sexual encounter and their current sexual interactions. Discrimination and classification of the three contraceptive groups for both males' and females' initial sexual experience was not very successful. Moderate discrimination was achieved for the female current sexual activity subsample and good discrimination and classification was made for the currently sexually active male subsample. The results are discussed in terms of the implications of the findings for understanding contraceptive behavior of males and females, problems with the dependent variable of contraceptive use, and the mounting evidence that emotional orientation to sexuality influences contraceptive behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Health care provider and contraceptive care setting: the relationship to contraceptive behavior.

This study examines contraceptive delivery characteristics and their association with contraceptive behavior. Data were collected in telephone interviews from a national sample of 1057 women who were using female contraceptives. The overwhelming majority of the sample obtained contraceptive services from gynecologists and other physician specialists and were seen in private facilities. Whereas nearly half of the providers recommended use of specific methods, only one-fourth discouraged use of particular methods. The pill was both the most frequently recommended and most commonly discouraged method. With regards to the provision of contraceptive information, practitioners were most likely to discuss the effectiveness of a method. In three of the four categories examined, a higher percentage of non-MDs than MDs gave information to their patients. Although the majority of women reported they were satisfied with the quality of care, mean satisfaction ratings were higher for female providers compared to male providers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Correlates of contraceptive behavior among unmarried U.S. college students.

The contraceptive behavior of 213 sexually active never-married U.S. college students was examined using multiple regression analyses. The type of relationship--casual or steady--was a major determinant of contraceptive use: 77 percent of the respondents involved in steady relationships reported using condoms or the pill, compared with 58 percent of the respondents involved in casual relationships. Frequency of intercourse was the best predictor of contraceptive method used within steady relationships. Several variables emerged as predictors of contraceptive method used within casual relationships, including method used at first coital experience, age, and frequency of intercourse. Situational and background factors were found to have an important impact on adolescent contraceptive behavior and to warrant further research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Sexual behavior, contraception and the risk of contracting HIV.

Recently, concern has been expressed on a possible association between the use of oral contraceptive pills (OCs) and an increased risk of contracting the HIV infection. As a consequence it has been postulated that a low prevalence of condom use due to widespread utilization of oral contraceptive pills would result in an acceleration of the spread of AIDS. The International Committee for Research in Reproduction (ICRR) a group of eleven experts in the field of gynecology, endocrinology and contraception, wishes to comment on the concerns raised about OC use and AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Analysis of contraceptive behavior of sexually active female adolescents in the United States.

Drawing on a theoretical model of adolescent contraceptive behavior, we examined the relationships between various social and behavioral variables and contraceptive use by sexually active female adolescents. Hypotheses were tested with the use of a national random sample of sexually active female adolescents (n = 1426), aged 15 to 20 years, from Cycle III of the National Survey of Family Growth. The data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Noncompliance with the initial birth control method was the strongest predictor of the adolescents' contraceptive behavior at the time of the interview. Not acquiring birth control at the initial family planning visit and the frequency of family planning visits during the previous 12 months were the second and third best predictors of subjects' contraceptive use. Coital frequency and the length of time between first coitus and the initiation of birth control each explained a small amount of additional variation in the regression model. When combined, these five variables explained 40% of the variation in the contraceptive behavior of this representative sample of sexually active female adolescents. The findings could be useful for clinicians in providing more effective birth control counseling to adolescent patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexual behavior, contraceptive practice, and reproductive health among Liberian adolescents.

This paper reports on a survey that was aimed at obtaining information for use in designing programs to reduce the incidence of adolescent pregnancy in Liberia. The sample of 1,488 never-married adolescents aged 14-21 was divided into subgroups based on age, sex, student status, and (for non-students) level of education. Although 57-93 percent of respondents claimed to have received information on reproductive health, only 2-21 percent could identify the monthly fertile period. Thirty to 49 percent of females ages 14-17 years have sexual relations at least once a month; over 80 percent of female non-students ages 18-21 years are sexually active. Highest levels of current contraceptive use were reported for 18-21-year-old female students (51 percent). Never-use of contraception among sexually active respondents was 97 percent for 14-17-year-old non-student females with a low educational level. Insufficient information about family planning methods and inaccessibility were the main reasons cited for non-use. Half of females ages 14-21 years who are currently attending school have been pregnant, as have 67 percent of those not in school. These results indicate a substantial unmet need on the part of Liberian adolescents with respect to reproductive health knowledge, information, and access to contraceptive methods.

Abortion, Induced↗