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Results for “Contraceptive Prevalence Index”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Role of abortion in control of global population growth.

No nation desirous of reducing its growth rate to 1% or less can expect to do so without the widespread use of abortion. This observational study, based on the experience of 116 of the world's largest countries, supports the contention that abortion is essential to any national population growth control effort. The principal findings are: Except for a few countries with ageing populations and very high contraceptive prevalence rates, developed countries will need to maintain abortion rates generally in the range of 201-500 abortions per 1000 live births if they are to maintain growth rates at levels below 1%. The current rate in the USA is 426 abortions per 1000 live births. Developing countries, on the other hand, are faced with a different and more difficult set of circumstances that require even greater reliance on abortion. No developing nation wanting to reduce its growth to less than 1% can expect to do so without the widespread use of abortion, generally at a rate greater than 500 abortions per 1000 live births. Widespread availability of abortion is a necessary but not sufficient condition to achieve growth rates below 1%. A high contraceptive prevalence is essential as well in order to achieve growth rates below 1%. A high contraceptive prevalence is a necessary but not sufficient condition to achieve population growth rates below 1%. A high rate of abortion (generally 201-500 or more abortions per 1000 live births in the developed and greater than 500 abortions per 1000 live births in the developing countries) is essential to achieve growth rates below 1%. The different and more difficult set of circumstances faced by developing countries that will necessitate even higher abortion rates than developed countries includes a young population with resultant rapidly growing numbers of young fertile women, poor contraceptive use-effectiveness, low prevalence of contraception, and poor or non-existent systems for providing contraceptives. These data show that high death rates of infants and children can moderate population growth rates--a most undesirable solution. The data in this report suggest that actual alternatives are high death rates of infants and children or widespread use of contraception and abortion. African nations tend to have the very lowest abortion rates and the very highest infant and child death rates. To avoid a world with deteriorating social, economic and political stability, with the concomitant loss of personal and national security, we must ensure that safe abortion is made available to all who wish to use this service.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1984

Is wide availability of abortion essential to national population growth control programs? Experiences of 116 countries.

No nation wanting to reduce its growth rate to less than or equal to 1% can expect to do so without the widespread use of abortion. This study, based on the experience of 116 of the world's largest countries, supports the contention that abortion is essential to any national population growth control effort. Existing circumstances in developed countries have facilitated reduction of growth rates to less than 1%, with abortion rates generally in the range of 200 to 500 per 1000 live births. However, developing countries are faced with a different and more difficult set of circumstances that require even greater reliance on abortion. These obstacles include a young population with resultant rapidly growing numbers of young fertile women, poor contraceptive use-effectiveness, low prevalence of contraception, and poor or nonexistent systems for providing contraceptives. By virtue of their profession, physicians play a critical role in family planning and carry a special responsibility in ensuring that abortion services are available to all women who need them.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A simple method for estimating the contraceptive prevalence required to reach a fertility target.

This report describes and applies a procedure for estimating the increase in contraceptive prevalence that would have to occur to achieve specified future reductions in a population's fertility. This target-setting methodology is based on a previously developed analytic model for the relationship between fertility and its proximate determinants. The basic aggregate version of the estimation procedure, which is described in detail, requires relatively few input data, but it allows changes in the mix of contraceptive methods in future years. In extended versions of the model, age specificity and adjustments for given trends in the proximate determinants other than contraceptive use are introduced.

Contraception Behavior↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Measuring accessibility to family planning services in rural Thailand.

There are a variety of ways to conceptualize and measure accessibility to contraceptive services and supplies. Using detailed data for rural Thailand, a multiplicity of reasonable measures are developed that reflect time and/or distance to various government program outlets. Many of these are only moderately correlated with one another, and to an important extent, different measures show different associations with levels of contraceptive prevalence. Clearly there is a general need in this area of investigation to pay more attention to the measurement of accessibility as a community characteristic and to consider the sensitivity of results to alternate measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A decade of Nepal's family planning program: achievements and prospects.

Knowledge and practice of family planning in Nepal increased considerably from mid-1976 through mid-1986, with significant improvements in the availability of and accessibility to contraceptives. However, a proportionately larger share of the achievements were made during 1976-81 than in 1981-86. The impact on fertility of contraceptive use during the decade was minimal. Knowledge and use of reversible contraceptive methods remained very low, primarily because of the continued strong emphasis on sterilization in Nepal's family planning program. Consequently, the welfare of many couples who may be in need of contraception for spacing births, but not necessarily for terminating childbearing, does not appear to be adequately addressed by the program. A more balanced emphasis on reversible methods of contraception does not necessarily imply that a substantially higher level of contraceptive prevalence would be required to reach the fertility target. Several steps to improve program performance and contraceptive method mix are suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Integrating health services into an MCH-FP program: lessons from Matlab, Bangladesh.

Since 1977 the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, has conducted a field experiment in family planning and MCH in its Matlab research station. The project began with an emphasis on family planning and MCH services were added in stages. This paper uses time series regression methods to address the question of whether the addition of health services contributed to family planning efficacy in Matlab in a program launched with minimal MCH services. The results show that some MCH interventions increased contraceptive prevalence, some decreased it, and others had no effect. The broader significance of these findings for implementing integrated programs is discussed.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1985

Contraceptive practice in the Philippines: a synthesis.

This article puts together all available data on contraceptive prevalence and effectiveness from 1968-83 in an attempt to assess the Philippine family planning program's performance in reducing fertility. 3 indicators of contraceptive effectiveness are discussed -- Pearl pregnancy rates, 12-month continuation rates, and effective protection level. Findings on factors associated with contraceptive prevalence are presented and discussed, with special emphasis on the effects of the Outreach project variables. The argument is that popualtion programs can influence demographic behavior, but the extent of this influence largely depends on the quality of program design and implementation.

Asia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The correlation between family planning program inputs and contraceptive use in Indonesia.

Using 1980 Census and 1986 service statistics program inputs, this paper evaluates the net correlation of socioeconomic, region, and program variables with 1987 contraceptive prevalence and method-specific use rates for Indonesian regencies and municipalities. The region variables--primarily, though not exclusively, reflecting program design and maturity--correlate most strongly with the contraceptive prevalence rates. Field-worker activities, field-worker supervisor activities, and community-based distributors also have a correlation with these rates. Pill use is highest in the areas that are predominantly Islamic and least developed, whereas the pattern is reversed for use of the IUD, condom, and other modern methods (mainly female sterilization). The findings are assessed in terms of their implications for policymaking.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1980

Household distribution of contraceptives in rural Egypt.

Oral contraceptives were offered to all married, fecund women 15-44 years of age living in 38 Egyptian villages with a population of 200,000. Before the household distribution, contraceptive prevalence was 19.1 percent. Nine months after the distribution, the contraceptive prevalence increased to 27.7 percent, a relative increase of 45 percent. Based on this study, a modified delivery system is currently being tested on a governoratewide basis. The modified system will include a wider range of fertility regulation methods and will also have health and community development components.

Adolescent↗