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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Role of the ocular surface in destructive corneal disease.

Corneal destructive disease is related to the ocular surface in at least three ways. Firstly, the maintenance of surface integrity seems to protect the corneal stroma from ulceration. Such integrity is jeopardized if the corneal epithelial cells fail to replicate themselves, or if they fail to adhere tightly to the underlying stroma. Secondly, the ocular surface plays a role in ulceration. Elaboration of collagenolytic enzymes may occur in the abnormal ocular surface epithelial cells themselves. In addition, the surface may modulate the leucocytic response in the stroma, the leucocytes themselves being responsible for the ulceration of the stroma. Finally, the ocular surface appears to play a role in superficial vascularization of the cornea. When all of the corneal epithelium is lost, as is the case in widespread chemical injury, sluggish metabolic transformation of conjunctival cells is associated with vascularization.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1979

[Trophic corneal diseases. Their pathogenesis and corneal nutrition (author's transl)].

Experimental research has not provided any proof that "trophic" corneal diseases are caused by nutritional deficiencies. It seems that cases in which the course is chronic, but characterized by an absence of exacerbations of great pain and failure of medical therapy, are said to be trophic. Some of these diseases are dry eye conditions. Sensory disturbances lead to corneal complications by lowering the blinking frequency, but not seem to interfere with nutrition of the tissue. Otherwise keratoplasty would be impossible, since the innervation of the graft is often impaired for months or even years.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

Immunological activity to different corneal antigens in patients with corneal diseases.

Patients suffering from various corneal diseases and waiting for keratoplasty have been immunologically investigated in order to establish sensitisation to corneal antigens. The presence of lymphocytes sensitised to the soluble from human corneas, bovine corneal epithelium, and bovine corneal stroma, which all possess common antigenicity, could be demonstrated in 30%, 50%, and 23%, respectively, of all patients. In none of these patients could a positive plasma antibody titre to human corneal antigens be detected. The results suggest the dominance of T-lymphocyte activity. No correlation was found between the degree of corneal vascularisation and the presence of sensitised lymphocytes to human corneal antigens. Arrangement of the patients according to diagnosis showed that especially those suffering from herpes simplex virus keratitis reacted positively to human corneal antigens. A possible explanation is given. Lymphocytes of controls showed no or only very low stimulation with the soluble fractions of human corneas or bovine corneal stromas. The soluble fraction of bovine corneal epithelium stimulated the lymphocytes of 6 out of 19 controls. The elimination of the donor corneal epithelium before transplantation may be beneficial in view of the involvement of histocompatibility antigens.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1977

Simplified soft contact lens treatment in corneal diseases.

The advantages and disadvantages of the newly introduced Plano-T soft contact lens for the treatment of corneal diseases were evaluated. The physical characteristics, base curve, diameter, and thickness account for the fitting advantages which make it a versatile lens. The assumption that one lens fits almost any eye and that it may be used in most instances where a bandage lens is indicated proved correct, except for corneas of extreme measurements as in keratoconus. The results obtained compare very favorably with the results of the more conventional lathe cut lenses for the treatment of corneal diseases. Visual improvement does not seem as dramatic as in the latter, but some of the most common side effects are almost eliminated. Its physical characteristics and actions are reviewed. The corneal diseases for which it has been used are mentioned and the results discussed.

Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic↗
PubMed1978

Role of corneal surgery in destructive corneal disease.

Surgery plays an integral role in the management of destructive corneal disease. There are many techniques for structural reinforcement of marginal corneal destruction. Therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty for severe cases of central corneal destruction can be an effective method of removing the bulk of diseased tissue, and securing histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Use of anti-inflammatory agents in destructive corneal disease.

The use of anti-inflammatory agents is important in the treatment of destructive corneal disease. The basic principles of the action of corticosteroids and prostaglandin inhibitors, and the application of these agents to various experimental and clinical situations, are presented. The corticosteroids are the most effective of all the anti-inflammatory agents but have many unfortunate side-effects. The prostaglandin inhibitors and other agents have fewer side-effects, but are less effective.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

[The artificial epithelium in chronic corneal diseases and to avoid emergency keratoplasty (author's transl)].

Report on the treatment of 41 patients in the last 10 years. In chronic corneal diseases epikeratoprosthesis is possible when every other therapy failed. With growing experience functional results are better and complications seldom. Since several years we use glued-on contact lenses in acute ulcers too in order to avoid emergency keratoplasty. When suitable donor material is missing or if plastic surgery of the eye lids is necessary the artificial epithelium prevents ulcer perforation as a mechanical collagenase inhibitor. The anterior chamber can be reinstalled in perforated ulcers by sealing with cyanoacrylate glue and covering with artificial epithelium. A corticosteroid therapy of the iritis becomes possible to avoid the frequent complication of anterior synechia in later keratoplasty. By reducing the steroid dosis vascularisation of the ulcer is reached and a corneal grafting can be evaded sometimes if the prognosis of keratoplasty is poor or the central cornea is clear such as in ulcers near the limbus.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1979

HLA types in corneal diseases.

Evaluation of the results of HLA typing of 187 patients grouped into herpetic keratitis (37), non-herpetic keratitis (43), keratoconus (42), endothelial dystrophy (23), stromal dystrophy (13), lues (5), and injuries (24), failed to show convincing deviations in any of the groups from a normal control series (2900 persons). Yet, as for the herpes group, a rise in B5 must strongly be suspected. The data are presented and possible implications are discussed.

Corneal Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Structural alteration and destructive corneal disease.

There is good evidence that maintenance of the structural integrity of the human cornea carries with it significant advantages over and above the preservation of normal function. The breakdown in the protective layers of the cornea and invasion by blood vessels and lymphatics would seem to add greatly to the risk of recurrent inflammatory disease. There is a solid rationale, therefore, for the development of therapeutic principles aimed at preventing these structural changes from occurring.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Destructive corneal disease in the connective tissue disorders. Comparison with an experimental animal model.

The corneo-scleral changes described are highly characteristic and may be the first signs of an underlying systemic disorder so that otherwise healthy patients who present with limbal guttering and scleral disease must be continuously monitored with this association in mind. The clinical and histological features of limbal guttering in connective tissue disorders strongly suggest that a local antigen-antibody reaction triggers off a number of biochemical and cellular responses which combine to produce lysis of scleral and corneal collagen, although immune complexes have not so far been demonstrated in these eyes. Modes of therapy aimed at one particular chain of events have varying degrees of success, as indeed does more blunderbuss treatment with steroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, or cytotoxic agents. The early stages of the ocular lesion in the rabbit are now being studied, as is the immunological basis for its production. It is hoped that further work with the animal model will lead to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of these conditions, which will turn provide both ophthalmologists and rheumatologists with more scientific guidelines for treatment.

Animals↗